美國(guó)第二波女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)興起于二十世紀(jì)六十年代,衰落于二十世紀(jì)七八十年代。六十年代的自由主義并未能使美國(guó)更加強(qiáng)盛,反而帶來(lái)了一系列的社會(huì)問(wèn)題,因而保守主義興起。保守主義者認(rèn)為,女權(quán)主義者提出的議題,使美國(guó)道德敗壞,導(dǎo)致了美國(guó)的相對(duì)衰退。為了保衛(wèi)以宗教和家庭為背景的傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀,保守主義勢(shì)力實(shí)施了一系列針對(duì)女權(quán)主義的社會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng),給女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)帶來(lái)了沉重打擊。保守勢(shì)力的回?fù)糁饕性谝韵氯齻�(gè)方面。首先,主張男女平權(quán)的《平等權(quán)利修正案》在缺少三個(gè)州批準(zhǔn)的情況下沒(méi)有獲得通過(guò)。其次,婦女的合法墮胎權(quán)因《海德法案》而受到極大損害。再次,由于與同性戀權(quán)利運(yùn)動(dòng)的聯(lián)系,女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)也飽受反同性戀者的抵制。保守勢(shì)力對(duì)女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的猛烈回?fù)羯婕敖?jīng)濟(jì),政治,宗教,種族等諸多方面,這些不同的社會(huì)文化因素相互關(guān)聯(lián),相互影響,共同導(dǎo)致了女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)由盛而衰。面對(duì)保守勢(shì)力的猛烈回?fù)?第二波女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)走向低潮。女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)取得的成果出現(xiàn)反復(fù),女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的組織結(jié)構(gòu)受到破壞,運(yùn)動(dòng)的勢(shì)頭減弱,這也打擊了運(yùn)動(dòng)參與者的士氣和積極性。此外,女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的目標(biāo)遭到阻撓,性別不平等的現(xiàn)象仍然普遍存在,尤其在就業(yè)領(lǐng)域,這也帶來(lái)了婦女貧困化現(xiàn)象。再次,女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的衰落也體現(xiàn)在女... 

【文章來(lái)源】：上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)上海市 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：53 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
Acknowledgements
摘要
Abstract
Introduction
    0.1 Significance of the Research
    0.2 Literature Review
    0.3 Research Questions
    0.4 Research Method
    0.5 Structure of the Thesis
Chapter One Historical Background:The Rise of Conservatism
    1.1 Economic Downturn and Fiscal Conservatism
    1.2 Ideological Conservatism
    Summary
Chapter Two The Backlash against Feminism
    2.1 Invalidation of the ERA
        2.1.1 In Defense of Family
        2.1.2 Opposition from the Public
    2.2 Countering Abortion
        2.2.1 The Religious Origin
        2.2.2 A Pro-Family Stance
        2.2.3 Political Calculation and Manipulation
        2.2.4 Racism under the Cover of Anti-Abortion
    2.3 Opposing Homosexuality
        2.3.1 Stigma Hinged on Culture and Law
        2.3.2 Defending Marriage and Family
        2.3.3.The Finding of HIV
    Summary
Chapter Three The Decline of Feminism
    3.1 The Movement at a Stalemate
        3.1.1 Diminished Political Influence
        3.1.2 Vanishing Activism
    3.2 Influence:The Other Side of the Coin
        3.2.1 Inequality in Employment and Feminization of Poverty
        3.2.2 Marred Reproductive Freedom
        3.2.3 Persistent Heterosexual Stereotypes
    3.3 Under Pressure:Struggling with Intersectionality
        3.3.1 Race
        3.3.2 Class
        3.3.3 Sexual Orientation
    Summary
Conclusion
Bibliography


【參考文獻(xiàn)】：
期刊論文
[1]論美國(guó)媒體與反女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)[J]. 姚桂桂.  婦女研究論叢. 2011(06)
[2]美國(guó)20世紀(jì)末的一場(chǎng)文化戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng):保守派與進(jìn)步派的較量[J]. 王恩銘.  世界歷史. 2011(05)
[3]試論當(dāng)代美國(guó)新右翼[J]. 王恩銘.  國(guó)際論壇. 2008(01)
[4]試論美國(guó)新宗教右翼[J]. 王恩銘.  世界歷史. 2007(06)



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