淺析英國(guó)1991年國(guó)民健康服務(wù)體制改革
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2021-12-18 20:48
19世紀(jì)是英國(guó)福利制度建設(shè)的重要時(shí)期。英國(guó)于1948年建立了世界上第一個(gè)福利國(guó)家,在當(dāng)時(shí)被譽(yù)為是“工黨政府最杰出的成就”。本文從歷史的角度側(cè)重介紹了發(fā)生在上世紀(jì)90年代初期的重大改革,系統(tǒng)分析了改革的前因后果,對(duì)于了解西方福利國(guó)家的具體運(yùn)作有一定程度的借鑒意義。筆者在第一章節(jié)首先對(duì)英國(guó)的國(guó)民健康服務(wù)的建立、構(gòu)成及其特定的時(shí)代背景做了一定程度的回顧,首先探討了貝弗里奇報(bào)告與福利國(guó)家的歷史背景,并介紹了發(fā)生在上世紀(jì)90年代初期由保守黨政府執(zhí)行的重大體制變革。1948年國(guó)民健康服務(wù)體系建立之前,英國(guó)的國(guó)民保健制度一直是各種因素混雜的宏大體系。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)1944年的《國(guó)民保健制度白皮書(shū)》及1946年的《國(guó)民健康服務(wù)法》中的目標(biāo),英國(guó)政府對(duì)以往分散的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)進(jìn)行了集中,建立了由中央政府直接管理和資金支持的國(guó)民健康服務(wù)體系。本文第二章節(jié)討論了以撒切爾為首的保守黨政府執(zhí)政期間的醫(yī)療健康政策改革。因?yàn)榻⒅醯膰?guó)民健康服務(wù)體系在數(shù)十年內(nèi)具有很強(qiáng)的國(guó)家干預(yù)的特點(diǎn),過(guò)于強(qiáng)調(diào)醫(yī)療服務(wù)的國(guó)家供給,以致國(guó)家?guī)缀醭袚?dān)了全部的醫(yī)療服務(wù)責(zé)任。整個(gè)體系面臨的問(wèn)題和矛盾也越來(lái)越突出:過(guò)高的醫(yī)療支出費(fèi)用讓政府難堪其負(fù);混...
【文章來(lái)源】:上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)上海市 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校
【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】:58 頁(yè)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【文章目錄】:
Acknowledgements
摘要
Abstract
Introduction
Literature Review
Chapter 1 A Brief Review of NHS and the 1991 NHS Reforms
1.1 A Brief Review of the National Health Service
1.1.1 Significance of the Beveridge Report
1.1.2 Establishment of the National Health Service
1.2 A Brief Review of the 1991 NHS Reforms
1.2.1 The Nature of the 1991 Health Care Reforms
1.2.2 Approaching the Internal Market
1.2.3 Politics of the Whiter Paper Working for Patient
Chapter 2 Health Policies of Thatcher's Administration of NHS
2.1 Increasing NHS efficiency
2.2 Making the NHS Businesslike
2.3 Dealing with the Funding Crisis
2.4 Implementing the Reforms
Chapter 3 Evaluation of Main Features of the 1991 Reforms
3.1 Health Authority Purchasing
3.1.1 Quality of Care
3.1.2 Choice and Responsiveness
3.1.3 Summary
3.2 GP Fundholding
3.2.1 Quality of Care
3.2.2 Choice and Responsiveness
3.2.3 Summary
3.3 NHS Trust
3.3.1 Quality of Care
3.3.2 Choice and Responsiveness
3.3.3. Summary
Chapter 4 Implications of the 1991 Reforms and Continuity of Thatcherite Reforms
4.1 The Reforms: Success or Failure
4.1.1 Assessment of the Impact
4.1.2 Overall Change
4.2 Continuity of Thatcherite Reforms
4.2.1 The Labor White Paper: The New NHS
4.2.2 Inheritance in the New NHS
Conclusion
Bibliography
【參考文獻(xiàn)】:
期刊論文
[1]論撒切爾政府的社會(huì)保障制度改革[J]. 丁建定. 歐洲. 2001(05)
碩士論文
[1]《貝弗里奇報(bào)告》的理念研究[D]. 袁琳.廣西師范大學(xué) 2010
本文編號(hào):3543145
【文章來(lái)源】:上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)上海市 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校
【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】:58 頁(yè)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【文章目錄】:
Acknowledgements
摘要
Abstract
Introduction
Literature Review
Chapter 1 A Brief Review of NHS and the 1991 NHS Reforms
1.1 A Brief Review of the National Health Service
1.1.1 Significance of the Beveridge Report
1.1.2 Establishment of the National Health Service
1.2 A Brief Review of the 1991 NHS Reforms
1.2.1 The Nature of the 1991 Health Care Reforms
1.2.2 Approaching the Internal Market
1.2.3 Politics of the Whiter Paper Working for Patient
Chapter 2 Health Policies of Thatcher's Administration of NHS
2.1 Increasing NHS efficiency
2.2 Making the NHS Businesslike
2.3 Dealing with the Funding Crisis
2.4 Implementing the Reforms
Chapter 3 Evaluation of Main Features of the 1991 Reforms
3.1 Health Authority Purchasing
3.1.1 Quality of Care
3.1.2 Choice and Responsiveness
3.1.3 Summary
3.2 GP Fundholding
3.2.1 Quality of Care
3.2.2 Choice and Responsiveness
3.2.3 Summary
3.3 NHS Trust
3.3.1 Quality of Care
3.3.2 Choice and Responsiveness
3.3.3. Summary
Chapter 4 Implications of the 1991 Reforms and Continuity of Thatcherite Reforms
4.1 The Reforms: Success or Failure
4.1.1 Assessment of the Impact
4.1.2 Overall Change
4.2 Continuity of Thatcherite Reforms
4.2.1 The Labor White Paper: The New NHS
4.2.2 Inheritance in the New NHS
Conclusion
Bibliography
【參考文獻(xiàn)】:
期刊論文
[1]論撒切爾政府的社會(huì)保障制度改革[J]. 丁建定. 歐洲. 2001(05)
碩士論文
[1]《貝弗里奇報(bào)告》的理念研究[D]. 袁琳.廣西師范大學(xué) 2010
本文編號(hào):3543145
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