【摘要】：朝鮮半島局勢(shì)作為東北亞問(wèn)題的核心，一直是國(guó)際社會(huì)關(guān)注的問(wèn)題，也是當(dāng)今世界最敏感、最復(fù)雜的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題，可以說(shuō)是“安全困境”的經(jīng)典實(shí)例。朝鮮半島局勢(shì)的發(fā)展前景不但關(guān)乎東北亞、亞太、乃至世界的和平與穩(wěn)定，而且與中國(guó)的安全、穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展都有重要的影響。 半個(gè)多世紀(jì)以來(lái)，解決朝鮮半島問(wèn)題的方案各式各樣，大致分為均勢(shì)安全理論模式、集體安全理論模式和合作安全理論模式三種。冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期的朝鮮半島局勢(shì)的確是一種均勢(shì)安全模式，盡管均勢(shì)本身就是極不穩(wěn)定的，但冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期的朝鮮半島還是在這種均勢(shì)下保持了對(duì)峙下的和平與穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)，維護(hù)了東北亞各國(guó)的安全�？衫鋺�(zhàn)結(jié)束后，朝鮮半島的這種均勢(shì)格局已被打破，圍繞朝鮮半島的國(guó)際關(guān)系已發(fā)生很大的變化，均勢(shì)安全理論已較明顯地不適合朝鮮半島局勢(shì)的發(fā)展，但由于美國(guó)抱著冷戰(zhàn)思維不放，仍然想在朝鮮半島搞均勢(shì)，這是不利于朝鮮半島局勢(shì)的發(fā)展的。集體安全理論是針對(duì)均勢(shì)安全理論而設(shè)計(jì)出來(lái)的，它為人類描述了促進(jìn)國(guó)際合作、避免沖突、消除戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的美好前景，東北亞各國(guó)也有意圍繞朝鮮半島局勢(shì)建立集體安全機(jī)制，但由于各國(guó)的設(shè)想和態(tài)度不盡相同，再加上東北亞地區(qū)在冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期形成的意識(shí)形態(tài)對(duì)立、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平的差異等也使集體安全理論難以在朝鮮半島實(shí)施，只能是人們的美好理想。合作安全理論則是冷戰(zhàn)后隨著新安全觀念的產(chǎn)生而出現(xiàn)的一種新的安全理論，它是以合作求安全，且這種安全是一種綜合 安全。它所講的合作既不同于均勢(shì)安全中的合作，也 不同于集體安全中的合作，，而是一種新型的合作關(guān) 系。當(dāng)然它所指的安全也不同于傳統(tǒng)的軍事安全，而 是一種綜合安全。獲取安全的途徑也不同于均勢(shì)安全 和集體安全，即以談判協(xié)商而不是以武力或武力威 脅。這種安全理論不但可以包容朝鮮半島的各種差 異，還可以平衡大國(guó)在朝鮮半島的利益，既可以保持 東北亞地區(qū)的和平、穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展，也有利于朝鮮半島 的和平統(tǒng)一。 但是，由于朝鮮半島處于美、日、俄、中四國(guó)利 益的結(jié)合部，四國(guó)在朝鮮半島都有著重要的利益，四 國(guó)對(duì)朝鮮半島的政策不論是在冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期還是在冷戰(zhàn) 后都對(duì)朝鮮半島局勢(shì)的發(fā)展有重要影響。冷戰(zhàn)后美國(guó) 作為唯一的超級(jí)大國(guó)，其對(duì)朝鮮半島政策的根本目標(biāo) 是想把持朝鮮半島事務(wù)的主導(dǎo)權(quán)，牽制其他大國(guó)，以 維護(hù)美國(guó)的全球霸權(quán)，所以，均勢(shì)政策是美國(guó)對(duì)朝鮮 半島政策的主流，盡管它不適合朝鮮半島局勢(shì)的現(xiàn) 狀，也不利朝鮮半島的和平統(tǒng)一。日本在冷戰(zhàn)后把追 求政治大國(guó)作為其對(duì)外政策的核心，在朝鮮半島問(wèn)題 上也是想盡可能大地發(fā)揮影響，但日本對(duì)朝鮮半島局 勢(shì)的影響是有限的，因?yàn)槿毡驹趯?duì)待歷史問(wèn)題及處理 與美國(guó)的同盟關(guān)系問(wèn)題上難以取得周邊國(guó)家的信任。 俄羅斯在朝鮮半島的影響雖不能和前蘇聯(lián)相比，且一 度由于實(shí)力下降和外交政策的失誤造成其對(duì)朝鮮半 島問(wèn)題的影響下降，但隨著俄對(duì)外政策的調(diào)整和實(shí)力 的恢復(fù)，俄仍然想在朝鮮半島問(wèn)題上發(fā)揮影響，且已 經(jīng)取得了一定進(jìn)展。特別是隨著俄與朝鮮傳統(tǒng)友好關(guān) 系的恢復(fù)，俄對(duì)朝鮮半島局勢(shì)的影響己十分明顯。但 是，俄對(duì)朝鮮半島的政策己與前蘇聯(lián)明顯不同，合作 安全己在俄對(duì)朝鮮半島的政策中占主流。中國(guó)一直對(duì) 2 朝鮮半島局勢(shì)有著重要的影響，朝鮮半島也對(duì)中國(guó)的 政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、安全、文化等方面都有重要影響，所以， 正在改革開(kāi)放的中國(guó)把朝鮮半島局勢(shì)的穩(wěn)定作對(duì)朝 鮮半島政策的前提，且用合作安全理論為朝鮮半島的 和平統(tǒng)一營(yíng)造有利的外部環(huán)境，中國(guó)一直支持朝鮮半 島的自主、和平統(tǒng)一。 在大國(guó)影響下的朝鮮半島局勢(shì)，既不可能用武力 統(tǒng)一的模式，也不可能用德國(guó)式的吸收式的統(tǒng)一，似 乎戰(zhàn)后走向統(tǒng)一的所有統(tǒng)一模式在朝鮮半島都有這 樣或那樣的不適用性，朝鮮半島的和平統(tǒng)一似乎也只 能用朝鮮半島的模式，即不局限于對(duì)統(tǒng)一方式的爭(zhēng) 執(zhí)，而是淡化意識(shí)形態(tài)差異，化解民族分裂的怨恨， 面對(duì)分裂的現(xiàn)實(shí)，增進(jìn)了解，擴(kuò)大交流，建立信任， 同時(shí)，促進(jìn)周邊大國(guó)的安全合作，創(chuàng)造達(dá)宜的外部環(huán) 境。由于朝鮮半島特殊的地理位置及復(fù)雜的國(guó)際關(guān) 系，朝鮮半島的和平統(tǒng)一是不可能一蹦而就的，而是 需要一個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程。在這個(gè)過(guò)程中朝鮮半島局勢(shì)有 許多打破現(xiàn)狀的可能，盡管有的可能性很小，但其造 成的影響卻是深遠(yuǎn)而巨大的，需引起有關(guān)各方的重 視。 朝鮮半島不論過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在還是將來(lái)，對(duì)中國(guó)安全 的影響都是巨大的，特別是在冷戰(zhàn)后的今天，經(jīng)濟(jì)安 全在各國(guó)安全中的份量明顯增加，加入WTO后的中 國(guó)更需要重視經(jīng)濟(jì)安全，同時(shí)，中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)傳統(tǒng)安全中 的一些問(wèn)題也令人擔(dān)憂，而朝鮮半島不論對(duì)中國(guó)的經(jīng) 濟(jì)安全、政治安全還
[Abstract]:As the core of the North-East Asia, the situation on the Korean peninsula has always been a matter of international concern, and it is the most sensitive and complex hot issue in the world, and it can be said to be a classic example of the "security dilemma". The development of the situation in the Korean Peninsula is not only about the peace and stability of Northeast Asia, the Asia-Pacific and the world, but also has an important impact on the security, stability and development of China. For more than half a century, a variety of programmes to address the Korean Peninsula issue are broadly divided into the model of the average potential security, the mode of collective security, and the combination of the theory of collective security and the theory of collective security. The situation of the Korean peninsula during the Cold War is indeed a kind of average security model, while the situation of the Korean peninsula during the cold war is very unstable, but on the Korean peninsula during the cold war, the situation of peace and stability under the confrontation is maintained, and the maintenance is maintained. After the end of the cold war, the uniform pattern of the Korean peninsula has been broken, and the international relations around the Korean peninsula have changed greatly, and the theory of average potential security has obviously not been suitable for the development of the situation on the Korean peninsula, but because of the beauty of the United States, The state holds the cold war thinking and still wants to make a balance on the Korean peninsula, which is not conducive to the DPRK The development of the situation in the fresh peninsula is the development of the situation in the fresh peninsula. The theory of collective security is designed for the theory of the balance of power. It describes the prospects of promoting international cooperation, avoiding conflicts and eliminating the war, and the countries of the Northeast Asia are also interested in the Korean Peninsula. However, because of the different ideas and attitudes of the countries, the differences between the ideology and the economic development level formed in the Northeast Asia during the Cold War have also made the collective security theory difficult to implement on the Korean peninsula, and only The theory of cooperative security is a new security theory that emerged with the emergence of the new security concept after the cold war, and it is a new security theory that emerged with the development of the new security concept after the cold war, and this Security is a comprehensive Security. The cooperation it says is different from the average. safety The cooperation in China is different from that of the collective Cooperation in security, and It's a new type of cooperation. Department of course. Of course, the security referred to is different from that of the traditional army. Shi An It's all, and it's a kind of comprehensive security. . Access to safety is also different from the average security and collective security, in the context of negotiations, rather than by force or force Li Wei The threat. This kind of security theory can not only be contained in the direction The various differences in the fresh peninsula may also be flat The interests of the major Powers on the Korean peninsula can be maintained The Peace, Stability and Development of Northeast Asia It's a good show. The peaceful reunification of the Korean peninsula. however, since that Korean peninsula is in the United state, the joint part of the four-nation-four-four-four-four-four-year-old in that case of the Korean peninsula, an important benefit, four the policy of the State on the Korean peninsula in that cold-war era, The situation in the Korean peninsula after the cold war The development has an important impact. The United States after the cold war as the only superpower The fundamental objective of its policy on the Korean peninsula It's the lead that wants to hold on the Korean peninsula. The right to hold other big powers in order to preserve the beauty of the United States The global hegemony of the country is, therefore, the US-to-North Korea The mainstream of the policy of the peninsula, though it is not suitable for the DPRK Fresh Peninsula Bureau The current shape of the potential, also the negative. The peaceful reunification of the fresh peninsula. Japan followed after the cold war Seeking the political power as the core of its foreign policy, in the DPRK fresh The problem of the peninsula is also to be as great as possible To play an impact, but Japan's contribution to the Korean Peninsula The effect of the potential is limited, as Japan is dealing with historical problems and handling It is difficult to take advantage of the alliance with the United States The trust of neighboring countries. Russia on the Korean peninsula, Can't compare with the former Soviet Union, and one The degree of strength is due to a decline in strength and a mistake in foreign policy. It's for North Korea. The effect of the island problem has declined, but as the Russian foreign countries The adjustment of the policy and the restoration of power, Russia I would still like to play an impact on the Korean peninsula and have is obtained Some progress, especially as Russia and the DPRK the recovery of the fresh traditional friendly and close system, russia The impact on the situation on the Korean peninsula has been very clear. Yes, Russia's policy on the Korean peninsula has been clearly not in line with the former Soviet Union in conjunction with, in The security has been in Russia for half a year. island Mainstream in the policy. China has always been 2 The situation in the Korean peninsula is of great importance The impact of the Korean peninsula on China Political, economic, security, culture, etc. There's an important effect on the face, so, it's to change China's stability against the situation in the Korean peninsula against the opening of the leather The premise of the policy of the fresh peninsula, and it is safe to use the cooperation The theory is the peaceful reunification of the Korean peninsula to build a favorable external environment, China has always supported North Korea and a half The autonomous and peaceful reunification of the island. under the influence of a great powe
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)人民解放軍外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2002
【分類號(hào)】：D815

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