阿爾及利亞政治危機研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-30 18:36
【摘要】： 阿爾及利亞擺脫法國殖民統(tǒng)治以后,進入了獨立探索本國發(fā)展道路的時期。布邁丁執(zhí)政以后,國家穩(wěn)定發(fā)展,在政治、經(jīng)濟等各領(lǐng)域取得了很大的成就,并贏得了國際上廣泛的贊譽。沙德利擔(dān)任總統(tǒng)后,阿爾及利亞政治領(lǐng)域開始出現(xiàn)新的變化,各種社會力量開始興起,進而挑戰(zhàn)國家的權(quán)威,到20世紀80年代末期演變?yōu)橐粓稣挝C。 本文從宏觀的歷史視角出發(fā),著力探討了阿爾及利亞國家、社會以及二者的互動關(guān)系對其政治危機發(fā)生、發(fā)展的影響,進而分析了政治危機發(fā)生的基本原理及其實質(zhì),以期能對認識和研究中東國家政治發(fā)展提供必要的個案參考。同時,本文在馬克思主義歷史學(xué)原理的指導(dǎo)下,以阿爾及利亞社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展為背景,分析了對政治發(fā)展產(chǎn)生影響的各要素演變及其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,并應(yīng)用了政治學(xué)、社會學(xué)等相關(guān)理論和方法進一步加深對政治危機的剖析。 緒論部分首先對政治危機做了概念上的界定,分析了政治危機的發(fā)生原理,為阿爾及利亞政治危機的研究設(shè)定基本的理論框架。介紹了阿爾及利亞歷史發(fā)展概況以及政治發(fā)展的總體特點。進而論述了獨立后阿爾及利亞社會發(fā)展及其政治困境。 第一章：主要論述了在宏觀的社會經(jīng)濟背景下,各種社會力量的分化引發(fā)危機四伏的政治,具體表現(xiàn)為,獨立后政治精英的分化與衰落,伊斯蘭運動的萌發(fā)與演變,青年人在時代錯位中的痛苦與彷徨,柏柏爾人為尋求民族認同所進行的斗爭與努力。在論述各種社會力量分化的同時,也分析了各種力量分化過程中的相互作用與影響。 第二章：隨著阿爾及利亞經(jīng)濟形勢的惡化,各種社會力量開始表達對國家失敗政策的不滿,并以暴力互動的形式表達出來。沙德利希望通過政治民主化來擺脫危機,結(jié)果卻導(dǎo)致政治陷入混亂。在各種社會力量參與的多黨選舉中,伊斯蘭拯救陣線即將大獲全勝。為了維護原有的政治體系,軍隊發(fā)動政變阻止了伊陣的勝利。 第三章：軍人政變后,開始國家秩序的重建。為了走出政治危機,阿爾及利亞同時進行了2條途徑的努力：(1)暴力途徑。國家試圖通過暴力平抑各種社會力量的不滿,而伊斯蘭武裝試圖通過暴力建立新的政治秩序。(2)和解途徑。在暴力互動的同時,國家與各種社會力量也進行接觸,探討和平解決政治危機的可能。澤魯阿勒通過有計劃地實施總統(tǒng)選舉、制定新憲法和舉行地方議會選舉,開始了政治制度化的努力,為阿爾及利亞的政治發(fā)展重新注入活力。 結(jié)論部分探討了阿爾及利亞政治危機的社會經(jīng)濟、政治和宗教文化根源。探討了政治民主化與政治危機的辯證關(guān)系,并指出民主缺失是政治危機的原因之一,但非全部。最后,阿爾及利亞初步擺脫政治危機,但仍面臨著一系列的政治難題,政治發(fā)展之路任重道遠。
[Abstract]:After Algeria got rid of the French colonial rule, it entered a period of independent exploration of the development of its own country. After Bumeidin came into power, the country developed steadily, made great achievements in politics, economy and other fields, and won international acclaim. After Chedly became president, new changes began to appear in the political field of Algeria, and various social forces began to rise, which challenged the authority of the state, and turned into a political crisis in the late 1980s. From a macroscopic historical perspective, this paper probes into the influence of the Algerian state, society and the interaction between them on the occurrence and development of the political crisis, and then analyzes the basic principle and essence of the political crisis. In order to understand and study the political development of the Middle East countries to provide the necessary case reference. At the same time, under the guidance of Marxist theory of history, this paper, based on the social and economic development of Algeria, analyzes the evolution and internal relations of the elements that affect the political development, and applies political science. Sociology and other relevant theories and methods further deepen the analysis of political crisis. The first part of the introduction defines the political crisis conceptually, analyzes the occurrence principle of the political crisis, and sets a basic theoretical framework for the study of the political crisis in Algeria. This paper introduces the general situation of Algeria's historical development and the general characteristics of its political development. Then it discusses the social development and political dilemma of Algeria after independence. The first chapter mainly discusses the political crisis caused by the differentiation of various social forces under the macroeconomic background, which is manifested in the differentiation and decline of the political elite after independence, the germination and evolution of the Islamic movement. Young people's pain and loss in the mismatch of the times, Berber's struggle and efforts to seek national identity. At the same time, it also analyzes the interaction and influence in the process of power differentiation. Chapter II: with the deterioration of the Algerian economic situation, various social forces began to express their dissatisfaction with the failed policy of the state and express it in the form of violent interaction. Chedly hopes to get rid of the crisis through political democratization, but the result is political chaos. The Islamic Salvation Front is on the verge of a total victory in multiparty elections involving various social forces. To preserve the old political system, the army staged a coup to prevent the victory of the Iraqi Front. The third chapter: after the military coup, began the national order reconstruction. In order to emerge from the political crisis, Algeria simultaneously worked on two ways: (1) the path of violence. The state tried to calm the grievances of various social forces through violence, while the Islamic armed forces tried to establish a new political order by violence. (2) the path of reconciliation. At the same time of violent interaction, the state also engaged with various social forces to explore the possibility of a peaceful solution to the political crisis. Zeroual has begun efforts to institutionalize politics through the planned implementation of presidential elections, the drafting of a new constitution and the holding of local council elections, reinvigorating political development in Algeria. The conclusion discusses the social, economic, political and religious cultural roots of the Algerian political crisis. This paper probes into the dialectical relationship between political democratization and political crisis, and points out that the lack of democracy is one of the reasons for the political crisis, but not all. In the end, Algeria got rid of the political crisis, but still faced a series of political problems, political development has a long way to go.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D74
本文編號：2418391
[Abstract]:After Algeria got rid of the French colonial rule, it entered a period of independent exploration of the development of its own country. After Bumeidin came into power, the country developed steadily, made great achievements in politics, economy and other fields, and won international acclaim. After Chedly became president, new changes began to appear in the political field of Algeria, and various social forces began to rise, which challenged the authority of the state, and turned into a political crisis in the late 1980s. From a macroscopic historical perspective, this paper probes into the influence of the Algerian state, society and the interaction between them on the occurrence and development of the political crisis, and then analyzes the basic principle and essence of the political crisis. In order to understand and study the political development of the Middle East countries to provide the necessary case reference. At the same time, under the guidance of Marxist theory of history, this paper, based on the social and economic development of Algeria, analyzes the evolution and internal relations of the elements that affect the political development, and applies political science. Sociology and other relevant theories and methods further deepen the analysis of political crisis. The first part of the introduction defines the political crisis conceptually, analyzes the occurrence principle of the political crisis, and sets a basic theoretical framework for the study of the political crisis in Algeria. This paper introduces the general situation of Algeria's historical development and the general characteristics of its political development. Then it discusses the social development and political dilemma of Algeria after independence. The first chapter mainly discusses the political crisis caused by the differentiation of various social forces under the macroeconomic background, which is manifested in the differentiation and decline of the political elite after independence, the germination and evolution of the Islamic movement. Young people's pain and loss in the mismatch of the times, Berber's struggle and efforts to seek national identity. At the same time, it also analyzes the interaction and influence in the process of power differentiation. Chapter II: with the deterioration of the Algerian economic situation, various social forces began to express their dissatisfaction with the failed policy of the state and express it in the form of violent interaction. Chedly hopes to get rid of the crisis through political democratization, but the result is political chaos. The Islamic Salvation Front is on the verge of a total victory in multiparty elections involving various social forces. To preserve the old political system, the army staged a coup to prevent the victory of the Iraqi Front. The third chapter: after the military coup, began the national order reconstruction. In order to emerge from the political crisis, Algeria simultaneously worked on two ways: (1) the path of violence. The state tried to calm the grievances of various social forces through violence, while the Islamic armed forces tried to establish a new political order by violence. (2) the path of reconciliation. At the same time of violent interaction, the state also engaged with various social forces to explore the possibility of a peaceful solution to the political crisis. Zeroual has begun efforts to institutionalize politics through the planned implementation of presidential elections, the drafting of a new constitution and the holding of local council elections, reinvigorating political development in Algeria. The conclusion discusses the social, economic, political and religious cultural roots of the Algerian political crisis. This paper probes into the dialectical relationship between political democratization and political crisis, and points out that the lack of democracy is one of the reasons for the political crisis, but not all. In the end, Algeria got rid of the political crisis, but still faced a series of political problems, political development has a long way to go.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D74
【引證文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 杜云星;孫濱斌;何順利;胡景宏;朱健;;阿爾及利亞油氣工業(yè)投資環(huán)境分析[J];國際石油經(jīng)濟;2012年11期
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條
1 支曉蘭;阿爾及利亞市民社會研究[D];西北大學(xué);2013年
2 楊沁;冷戰(zhàn)后阿爾及利亞政治發(fā)展研究[D];湘潭大學(xué);2013年
3 黃明明;馬格里布柏柏爾人研究[D];西北大學(xué);2014年
，本文編號：2418391
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