美國官員財產(chǎn)申報制度論析
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-13 17:12
【摘要】：財產(chǎn)申報制度作為行之有效的反腐措施為許多國家和地區(qū)所采用,且被喻為“陽光法案”。其目的都是為了約束政府公職人員的行為、防止腐敗、增強政府的公信力等。財產(chǎn)申報制度,就是一系列有關(guān)財產(chǎn)申報登記的有效規(guī)范。主要是指法定范圍內(nèi)的公職人員按照法定時間和方式對個人及一定范圍內(nèi)的家庭成員擁有的財產(chǎn)(包括有形和無形財產(chǎn))數(shù)量、來源、支配情況及其變化向特定機構(gòu)進行申報,并由特定機構(gòu)依法進行審查和公布,接受公眾監(jiān)督,以證明自己擔任公職期間所有經(jīng)濟收入合法的一項政治制度。如果公職人員的財產(chǎn)狀況明顯超出其職務(wù)收入狀況而無從解釋其原因,將受到行政處分或法律制裁。美國的財產(chǎn)申報制度被公認為是世界上比較完備的反腐制度,1978年開始實施,它規(guī)定上至總統(tǒng),下至普通官員,都必須按時如實填寫財產(chǎn)申報表格,由聯(lián)邦道德署負責收存,并接受公眾查詢和監(jiān)督。除此之外,美國的財產(chǎn)申報制度對許多國家產(chǎn)生了重要的影響。 本文主要由六章內(nèi)容構(gòu)成：第一章是緒論；第二章是財產(chǎn)申報制度概述,這一章主要闡明財產(chǎn)申報制度的起源、概念、構(gòu)成與理論基礎(chǔ)、功能等基本問題；第三章主要介紹美國官員財產(chǎn)申報制度形成的過程、構(gòu)建的條件以及阻力因素；第四章是本文的核心部分,從申報人員、申報內(nèi)容、申報時間、申報的受理機構(gòu)、申報的形式以及申報的審查六個方面詳細介紹了美國官員財產(chǎn)申報制度的內(nèi)容；第五章是重點,主要根據(jù)第四章對美國官員財產(chǎn)申報制度內(nèi)容的介紹,分析了美國官員財產(chǎn)申報制度的特點、作用以及存在的問題；第六章是本論文的結(jié)尾,根據(jù)前幾章對美國官員財產(chǎn)申報制度的分析,得出了對完善我國財產(chǎn)申報制度立法有啟示性的建議和結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:As an effective anti-corruption measure, property declaration system has been adopted by many countries and regions. Its purpose is to restrain the behavior of government officials, prevent corruption and enhance the credibility of the government. Property declaration system is a series of effective norms about property declaration and registration. Mainly refers to the number, source, disposition and changes of property (including tangible and intangible property) owned by public officials within the statutory scope to a specific institution in accordance with the time and manner prescribed by law to individuals and family members within a certain range, And a political system in which specific agencies review and publish in accordance with the law and are subject to public supervision in order to prove the legitimacy of all economic income during their public service. If the property of a public official is clearly in excess of his or her official income and cannot be explained, he or she will be subject to administrative sanctions or legal sanctions. The property declaration system in the United States has been recognized as a relatively complete anti-corruption system in the world. It has been implemented since 1978. It stipulates that up to the president and down to ordinary officials, the property declaration form must be filled out truthfully on time, and the Federal Ethics Agency is responsible for receiving and storing it. And accept public inquiry and supervision. In addition, the property declaration system in the United States has had an important impact on many countries. This paper consists of six chapters: the first chapter is an introduction, the second chapter is an overview of the property declaration system, this chapter mainly expounds the origin, concept, composition, theoretical basis, function and other basic issues of the property declaration system. The third chapter mainly introduces the formation process, the conditions of construction and the resistance factors of the property declaration system of American officials. Chapter four is the core part of this paper, from the declaration personnel, the declaration content, the declaration time, the declaration acceptance organization, the fourth chapter is the core part of this paper. The form of the declaration and the six aspects of the review of the declaration introduce in detail the contents of the property declaration system of US officials; the fifth chapter focuses on the introduction of the contents of the property declaration system of the US officials mainly according to Chapter IV. This paper analyzes the characteristics, functions and existing problems of the property declaration system of American officials. The sixth chapter is the end of this paper, according to the previous chapters of the analysis of the property declaration system of American officials, Some suggestions and conclusions are drawn to perfect the legislation of property declaration system in China.
【學位授予單位】：東北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D771.2
本文編號：2269352
[Abstract]:As an effective anti-corruption measure, property declaration system has been adopted by many countries and regions. Its purpose is to restrain the behavior of government officials, prevent corruption and enhance the credibility of the government. Property declaration system is a series of effective norms about property declaration and registration. Mainly refers to the number, source, disposition and changes of property (including tangible and intangible property) owned by public officials within the statutory scope to a specific institution in accordance with the time and manner prescribed by law to individuals and family members within a certain range, And a political system in which specific agencies review and publish in accordance with the law and are subject to public supervision in order to prove the legitimacy of all economic income during their public service. If the property of a public official is clearly in excess of his or her official income and cannot be explained, he or she will be subject to administrative sanctions or legal sanctions. The property declaration system in the United States has been recognized as a relatively complete anti-corruption system in the world. It has been implemented since 1978. It stipulates that up to the president and down to ordinary officials, the property declaration form must be filled out truthfully on time, and the Federal Ethics Agency is responsible for receiving and storing it. And accept public inquiry and supervision. In addition, the property declaration system in the United States has had an important impact on many countries. This paper consists of six chapters: the first chapter is an introduction, the second chapter is an overview of the property declaration system, this chapter mainly expounds the origin, concept, composition, theoretical basis, function and other basic issues of the property declaration system. The third chapter mainly introduces the formation process, the conditions of construction and the resistance factors of the property declaration system of American officials. Chapter four is the core part of this paper, from the declaration personnel, the declaration content, the declaration time, the declaration acceptance organization, the fourth chapter is the core part of this paper. The form of the declaration and the six aspects of the review of the declaration introduce in detail the contents of the property declaration system of US officials; the fifth chapter focuses on the introduction of the contents of the property declaration system of the US officials mainly according to Chapter IV. This paper analyzes the characteristics, functions and existing problems of the property declaration system of American officials. The sixth chapter is the end of this paper, according to the previous chapters of the analysis of the property declaration system of American officials, Some suggestions and conclusions are drawn to perfect the legislation of property declaration system in China.
【學位授予單位】：東北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D771.2
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