“歷史距離感”視角下的十月革命——兼論俄中兩國革命之異同
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-13 18:36
【摘要】：1917年,在俄國歷史上是不平常的一年。先是二月革命的風暴推翻了沙皇專制統(tǒng)治,剛建立的國家結構和社會結構還來不及喘一口氣,十月革命又把一個更新的國家結構和社會結構給了俄國。這兩次性質(zhì)迥異的革命濃縮在八個月間,在世界歷史上是十分罕見的。此前,1911年10月,中國發(fā)生了辛亥革命,推翻了清朝帝制,結束了長達數(shù)千年的封建統(tǒng)治。反觀中國的兩次革命,從辛亥革命到新中國成立,走過整整38年;中國共產(chǎn)黨獨立領導的新民主主義革命取得勝利,也經(jīng)歷22年艱苦卓絕的斗爭。從時間距離看,中國兩次革命的進程比俄國兩次革命要長得多,也曲折得多。這就使歷史發(fā)展豐富和復雜的內(nèi)涵充分展現(xiàn)出來,并對革命理論的建構、革命隊伍的歷練、革命戰(zhàn)略策略的運用,以及革命勝利后的發(fā)展道路,產(chǎn)生重大的影響。當然,歷史距離長短不是由一個政黨的主觀意志決定的,也不是衡量一個革命運動利弊得失的主要標志。這種比較只是提供一個視角,說明歷史距離的長短與革命進程的發(fā)展是密切相關的。革命黨人要自覺地意識到這一點。
[Abstract]:1917 was an unusual year in Russian history. First, the storm of the February Revolution overthrew the czar despotism, and the newly established state and social structure did not have time to breathe, and the October Revolution gave Russia a new state and social structure. These two disparate revolutions, condensed in eight months, are rare in world history. Earlier, in October 1911, the Revolution of 1911 overthrew the Qing dynasty, ending thousands of years of feudal rule. On the other hand, the two revolutions in China, from the Revolution of 1911 to the founding of New China, have been going on for 38 years, and the victory of the New Democratic Revolution led by the Communist Party of China has also experienced 22 years of arduous struggle. Over time, China's two revolutions are much longer and more tortuous than Russia's. This makes the rich and complex connotation of historical development fully unfold, and has a great influence on the construction of revolutionary theory, the experience of revolutionary troops, the application of revolutionary strategy and strategy, and the road of development after the victory of revolution. Of course, the length of history is not determined by the subjective will of a political party, nor is it a major indicator of the pros and cons of a revolutionary movement. This comparison only provides a perspective that the length of the historical distance is closely related to the development of the revolutionary process. The revolutionaries must be conscious of this.
【作者單位】： 華東師范大學政治學系;
【分類號】：D239;D751.2
[Abstract]:1917 was an unusual year in Russian history. First, the storm of the February Revolution overthrew the czar despotism, and the newly established state and social structure did not have time to breathe, and the October Revolution gave Russia a new state and social structure. These two disparate revolutions, condensed in eight months, are rare in world history. Earlier, in October 1911, the Revolution of 1911 overthrew the Qing dynasty, ending thousands of years of feudal rule. On the other hand, the two revolutions in China, from the Revolution of 1911 to the founding of New China, have been going on for 38 years, and the victory of the New Democratic Revolution led by the Communist Party of China has also experienced 22 years of arduous struggle. Over time, China's two revolutions are much longer and more tortuous than Russia's. This makes the rich and complex connotation of historical development fully unfold, and has a great influence on the construction of revolutionary theory, the experience of revolutionary troops, the application of revolutionary strategy and strategy, and the road of development after the victory of revolution. Of course, the length of history is not determined by the subjective will of a political party, nor is it a major indicator of the pros and cons of a revolutionary movement. This comparison only provides a perspective that the length of the historical distance is closely related to the development of the revolutionary process. The revolutionaries must be conscious of this.
【作者單位】： 華東師范大學政治學系;
【分類號】：D239;D751.2
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