本文選題：日本 + 現(xiàn)代化　； 參考：《汕頭大學》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 作為后發(fā)型國家，日本現(xiàn)代化的一個最鮮明的特點，就是政府在現(xiàn)代化進程中起主導作用。而政府的行為和價值取向在很大程度上又受行政文化的影響。行政文化，作為行政體系和行政行為的深層結構，主要通過作用于行政官僚具體的行政行為而反映在行政領導層決策以及行政人員的具體執(zhí)行層面，進而最終直接影響到日本現(xiàn)代化的歷史進程。因此，從這個意義上來說，日本現(xiàn)代化在很大程度上取決于行政文化的轉(zhuǎn)型。 日本行政文化如何轉(zhuǎn)型，日本行政文化與日本現(xiàn)代化的互動關系如何，本論文試圖從日本行政文化的視角來認識和了解日本現(xiàn)代化成功的內(nèi)在原因，并通過展開論述日本行政文化在現(xiàn)代化進程中的歷史變遷、主要特征以及發(fā)展趨勢，從而揭示出日本行政文化從傳統(tǒng)向現(xiàn)代轉(zhuǎn)型的獨特性發(fā)展規(guī)律。 本論文認為，日本現(xiàn)代化，以第二次世界大戰(zhàn)為界，分為戰(zhàn)前初步發(fā)展和戰(zhàn)后基本完成兩個階段。在不同的階段，日本行政文化體現(xiàn)出不同的特點。在戰(zhàn)前階段，也就是從日本明治維新時期到二戰(zhàn)前這段時期，日本現(xiàn)代化尚處于起步階段。而作為政治上層建筑的重要組成部分的日本行政文化，由于封建社會長期受傳統(tǒng)行政文化根深蒂固的影響而未隨之發(fā)生相應的嬗變，仍然保留較濃厚的封建專制色彩，使得日本政治現(xiàn)代化與經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展不協(xié)調(diào)，并由此在很大程度上導致了日本軍國主義的盛行和法西斯專政，從而爆發(fā)了第二次世界大戰(zhàn)，嚴重阻礙了日本現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展進程。一直到二戰(zhàn)后，也就是在戰(zhàn)后階段，在美國占領當局的民主化改革的外力推動和國內(nèi)民主化潮流高漲的共同作用下，日本的行政文化才開始逐漸從傳統(tǒng)專制型向現(xiàn)代民主型轉(zhuǎn)變，并與日本傳統(tǒng)行政文化中的精英主義和權威主義相融合，形成了日本獨具特色的官僚主導行政文化模式特征�？偟膩碚f，這種獨特的行政文化模式是適應當時日本的現(xiàn)實需要的，，并且極大地促進了日本經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)代化的進程，使得日本在20世紀70年代中期得以基本完成經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)代化目標。此后，隨著全球化經(jīng)濟一體化趨勢的迅猛發(fā)展以及西方強勢文化的全面滲透也給日本行政文化轉(zhuǎn)型帶來了新的考驗。種種因素的綜合導致了日本行政文化構成的多元化融合性特征，現(xiàn)代行政文化在不斷完善的同時經(jīng)受著考驗和挑戰(zhàn)；日本傳統(tǒng)行政文化在與現(xiàn)代行政文化的沖突中不斷實現(xiàn)著與現(xiàn)代行政文化的融合；西方現(xiàn)代行政文化也在日本行政文化中成為一種主要的亞文化，作為異質(zhì)文化，也在與日本行政文化的竟合中生長。
[Abstract]:As a post-hairstyle country, one of the most distinctive features of Japan's modernization is that the government plays a leading role in the process of modernization. The government's behavior and value orientation are influenced by administrative culture to a great extent. Administrative culture, as the deep structure of administrative system and administrative behavior, is mainly reflected in the administrative leadership decision-making and the specific executive level of administrative personnel through the specific administrative acts of administrative bureaucrats. Finally, it directly affects the historical process of Japan's modernization. Therefore, in this sense, the modernization of Japan depends to a great extent on the transformation of administrative culture. This paper attempts to understand and understand the internal reasons for the success of Japanese modernization from the perspective of Japanese administrative culture, and discusses the historical changes, main characteristics and development trends of Japanese administrative culture in the process of modernization. This paper holds that the modernization of Japan is divided into two stages: the preliminary development before the war and the completion after the war. In different stages, Japanese administrative culture embodies different characteristics. In the pre-war period, from the Meiji Restoration period to the pre-war period, Japan's modernization is still in its infancy. As an important part of the political superstructure, the Japanese administrative culture, because the feudal society was deeply influenced by the traditional administrative culture for a long time, did not change accordingly, and still retained the strong feudal autocracy color. This made Japan's political and economic modernization incongruous, and to a large extent led to the prevalence of Japanese militarism and fascist dictatorship, thus the outbreak of the second World War. It has seriously hindered the development of Japan's modernization. Until after the second World War, that is, in the postwar period, under the joint action of the external force of the democratic reform of the US occupation authorities and the upsurge of the domestic trend of democratization, The Japanese administrative culture began to change from the traditional autocracy to the modern democracy and merged with the meritocracy and authoritarianism in the traditional Japanese administrative culture. In general, this unique administrative culture model was adapted to the actual needs of Japan at that time, and greatly promoted the process of Japan's economic modernization, which enabled Japan to basically complete the goal of economic modernization in the mid-1970s. Since then, with the rapid development of globalization economic integration and the comprehensive penetration of strong Western culture, Japan has brought a new test to the transformation of administrative culture. The combination of various factors has led to the pluralistic features of the Japanese administrative culture, and the modern administrative culture is undergoing tests and challenges while it is constantly improving. In the conflict with modern administrative culture, the traditional administrative culture of Japan has been merging with the modern administrative culture, and the western modern administrative culture has also become a major subculture in the Japanese administrative culture, which is regarded as a heterogeneous culture. It is also growing in harmony with Japanese administrative culture.
【學位授予單位】：汕頭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：D731.3

【引證文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 張芳;楊平;;日本行政生態(tài)環(huán)境及其對日本公共行政的影響[J];時代經(jīng)貿(mào)(中旬刊);2008年S4期

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 曲穎;日本行政文化變革與整合及其對中國的啟示[D];黑龍江大學;2011年

本文編號：2000299