本文選題：美國外交 + 早期黨爭��； 參考：《渤海大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：1812年戰(zhàn)爭作為美國早期歷史的一個重大事件，對當時美國政治、經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)生了廣泛的影響。尤其對美國早期的政黨斗爭而言，其影響更可謂重大而深刻。1812年戰(zhàn)爭同其他若干重大事件一起，如法國大革命、《杰伊條約》等，成為美國早期黨爭的焦點。無論是對英宣戰(zhàn)問題，還是對英戰(zhàn)爭所涉及的若干問題，如聯(lián)邦軍隊、關稅政策，領土擴張問題，以及對戰(zhàn)爭結果的處理（《根特和約》），都成為聯(lián)邦黨與民主共和黨爭論不休的焦點問題。民主共和黨人絕大多數(shù)堅持對英宣戰(zhàn)，不主張征兵和發(fā)展海軍，要求實行保護性關稅、從事擴張領土，贊成《根特和約》，，聯(lián)邦黨人則堅持相反的觀點。 圍繞1812年戰(zhàn)爭展開的兩黨爭斗，揭示了兩黨在外交政策上雖有不同，卻都不可避免地帶有美國建國初期傳統(tǒng)孤立主義外交理念的烙印，同時又表現(xiàn)出鮮明的時代性要求，即由政治獨立、經(jīng)濟親英轉向政治獨立、經(jīng)濟自由。兩黨旗幟鮮明地進行了數(shù)年的不懈爭論，最終結果是聯(lián)邦黨的衰落和民主共和黨的持續(xù)執(zhí)政。隨著美國進入了短暫的“一黨專政”時期，第一個政黨制度逐漸過渡到第二個政黨制度，美國外交政策也隨之做出了重大的調整。
[Abstract]:As an important event in the early American history, the War of 1812 had a wide influence on American politics and economy. The war of 1812, along with some other major events, such as the French Revolution and the Treaty of Jay, became the focus of the early American party debate. Whether it is a declaration of war against Britain or some of the issues involved in the war against Britain, such as the federal army, customs policy, territorial expansion, And the handling of the outcome of the war (the Treaty of Ghent) has become the focus of debate between the Federal Party and the Democratic Republican Party. The vast majority of the Democratic Republicans insisted on declaring war on Britain, did not advocate conscription and naval development, demanded protective tariffs, engaged in territorial expansion, and supported the Treaty of Ghent, while the Federalists insisted on the contrary. The battle between the two parties around the War of 1812 revealed that although the two parties had different foreign policies, they inevitably bore the brand of the traditional isolationist diplomatic philosophy in the early days of the founding of the United States, and at the same time displayed the distinctive requirements of the times. That is, from political independence, economic pro-Britain to political independence, economic freedom. After years of indefatigable debate between the two parties, the end result was the decline of the federal party and the continued rule of the Democratic Republican Party. With the short period of "one party dictatorship", the first political party system gradually transitioned to the second political party system, and the American foreign policy made important adjustments.
【學位授予單位】：渤海大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D771.2

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 張定河;美國兩黨制形成于何時[J];山東師大學報(社會科學版);1996年03期

本文編號：1981598