本文選題：越南　切入點(diǎn)：國(guó)會(huì)建設(shè)　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：越南是當(dāng)今世界上僅有的五個(gè)由共產(chǎn)黨執(zhí)政的社會(huì)主義國(guó)家之一。由于受到蘇聯(lián)模式的影響,越南的發(fā)展過程中始終存在著“以黨代政”的現(xiàn)象。對(duì)于黨的決定,國(guó)會(huì)也僅僅將其變成國(guó)家法律的“橡皮圖章”和“表決機(jī)器”。在國(guó)內(nèi)外的新形勢(shì)下,1986年越南正式開始實(shí)施革新開放,通過對(duì)社會(huì)主義民主建設(shè)理論與實(shí)踐的積極探索,不斷地推進(jìn)著經(jīng)濟(jì)體制、政治體制的改革。在這其中,最引人注目的即是國(guó)會(huì)的建設(shè),其逐漸地成為了越南民主建設(shè)與政治體制改革的“標(biāo)桿”。作為越南最高人民代表機(jī)構(gòu),越南國(guó)會(huì)不僅僅是國(guó)家的最高權(quán)力組織,同時(shí)也是唯一擁有立法權(quán)力的機(jī)關(guān)。在越共六大實(shí)行革新路線以來,在改革過程中,越南國(guó)會(huì)通過了一系列的措施來力求與最高權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)名實(shí)相符。就目前的情況來看,這些舉措的實(shí)施明顯取得了一定的成效。國(guó)會(huì)建設(shè)的具體內(nèi)容:第一,國(guó)會(huì)選舉制度的改革與創(chuàng)新,國(guó)會(huì)代表資格審查嚴(yán)格,實(shí)行信任測(cè)評(píng)制度,以及代表實(shí)行差額選舉;第二,改善國(guó)會(huì)代表組成結(jié)構(gòu),提高專職代表比例、提高婦女在國(guó)會(huì)中的地位、鼓勵(lì)黨外人士和自薦候選人參選國(guó)會(huì)代表;第三,實(shí)行質(zhì)詢制度,并通過電視向公眾直播;第四,完善國(guó)會(huì)的機(jī)構(gòu)及運(yùn)行機(jī)制,合理調(diào)整國(guó)會(huì)會(huì)期以及調(diào)整國(guó)會(huì)相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)。目前,越南國(guó)會(huì)的建設(shè)已經(jīng)取得了初步成效,顯著強(qiáng)化了國(guó)會(huì)的地位和責(zé)任,加強(qiáng)了國(guó)會(huì)在監(jiān)督體系中的作用,還提高了國(guó)會(huì)活動(dòng)的透明度,也提高了人民政治參與的積極性。但是,隨著越南改革逐步進(jìn)入“深水區(qū)”,二十年的積累已經(jīng)逐步耗盡,必須要不斷繼續(xù)向前推進(jìn)才能帶動(dòng)越南全面發(fā)展,而越南國(guó)會(huì)卻依舊存在著很多問題。今后國(guó)會(huì)建設(shè)的任務(wù)仍很艱巨,主要是通過國(guó)會(huì)具體制度的革新,國(guó)會(huì)建設(shè)理論的建設(shè),加大治理腐敗問題的力度,著力解決質(zhì)詢答復(fù)所存在的問題,進(jìn)一步完善信任測(cè)評(píng)制度等等。所以,只有通過改革與建設(shè),國(guó)會(huì)才能在國(guó)家的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)的穩(wěn)定與快速發(fā)展中起到更加突出的促進(jìn)作用,從而使國(guó)會(huì)作為國(guó)家最高權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)名實(shí)相符。
[Abstract]:Vietnam is one of the only five socialist countries ruled by the Communist Party in the world today. Due to the influence of the Soviet model, there has always been a phenomenon of "taking the party instead of the government" in the development of Vietnam. In 1986, under the new situation at home and abroad, Vietnam officially began to carry out reform and opening up, and through active exploration of the theory and practice of socialist democratic construction, the National Assembly has only turned it into a "rubber stamp" and a "voting machine" for national laws. Constantly pushing forward the reform of the economic and political systems. Among these, the most noticeable is the construction of the National Assembly, which has gradually become the "benchmark" for the democratic construction and political system reform in Vietnam. As the highest organ of the Vietnamese people's Congress, The Vietnamese National Assembly is not only the supreme power organization of the country, but also the only organ with legislative powers. Vietnam's parliament has adopted a series of measures to try to match the name and reality of the highest authority. As far as the present situation is concerned, the implementation of these measures has clearly achieved certain results. The concrete contents of the construction of the National Assembly are as follows: first, The reform and innovation of the parliamentary election system, the strict examination of the qualifications of deputies to the Congress, the implementation of the trust evaluation system, and the implementation of differential elections for deputies; second, the improvement of the composition of deputies to the National Assembly and the increase in the proportion of full-time deputies. To improve the status of women in the National Assembly and encourage non-party people and self-recommended candidates to run for deputies to the Congress; third, to implement the inquiry system and broadcast it live to the public on television; and in 4th, to improve the organization and operational mechanism of the Congress. Adjust the duration of the National Assembly and adjust the relevant institutions of the National Assembly. At present, the construction of the Vietnamese National Assembly has achieved initial results, significantly strengthening the position and responsibilities of the National Assembly, and strengthening the role of the National Assembly in the supervisory system. It has also increased the transparency of the activities of the National Assembly and increased the enthusiasm of the people for political participation. However, as Vietnam's reform has gradually entered the "deep water areas," the accumulation of two decades has been gradually depleted. We must continue to move forward in order to promote Vietnam's overall development, but the Vietnamese National Assembly still has many problems. In the future, the task of building the National Assembly is still very arduous, mainly through the innovation of the specific system of the National Assembly and the construction of the theory of the construction of the National Assembly. Intensify efforts to tackle corruption, focus on solving the problems in answering questions, further improve the trust evaluation system, and so on. Therefore, only through reform and construction, Congress can play a more prominent role in promoting the political and economic stability and rapid development of the country, thus making Congress the highest power organ of the country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D733.3

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