本文關(guān)鍵詞： 努巴人 地方民族主義 蘇丹 民族國(guó)家構(gòu)建　出處：《北京外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在長(zhǎng)期的歷史發(fā)展過(guò)程中,原先居住在蘇丹努巴山區(qū)的各土著部落人群產(chǎn)生了自己屬于一個(gè)"努巴"族群的意識(shí),他們中的一部分人為了維護(hù)和促進(jìn)本族群的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化等利益,通過(guò)族群情感動(dòng)用本族群的成員參與示威、選舉、武裝叛亂等群體性政治活動(dòng),以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)國(guó)家政治更大的參與權(quán)。本文試圖揭示努巴地方民族主義產(chǎn)生的原因及蘇丹民族國(guó)家構(gòu)建失敗的根源。研究努巴地方民族主義有助于我們更好地理解蘇丹民族國(guó)家構(gòu)建遇挫的原因。同時(shí),作為一個(gè)個(gè)案,這一研究能幫助我們更好地理解非洲國(guó)家的民族國(guó)家構(gòu)建和地方民族主義問(wèn)題,也能為研究其它非洲國(guó)家的地方民族主義問(wèn)題提供一個(gè)參照。論文正文共分五章。第一章:蘇丹努巴山區(qū)概況,簡(jiǎn)要介紹蘇丹及努巴山區(qū)的地理、人口和族群構(gòu)成狀況。第二章:外來(lái)者的掠奪與殖民統(tǒng)治,梳理了從伊斯蘭化時(shí)期到蘇丹獨(dú)立期間努巴山區(qū)的歷史,重點(diǎn)論述了努巴人與統(tǒng)治蘇丹的歷代本土政權(quán)和殖民政權(quán)之間的關(guān)系。第三章:土地之爭(zhēng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)剝削,論述了努巴人在經(jīng)濟(jì)上受到剝削是努巴地方民族主義產(chǎn)生的根本原因,特別是在機(jī)械化農(nóng)業(yè)的擴(kuò)張過(guò)程中,許多努巴人的土地被北方官僚和資本家所占據(jù),這嚴(yán)重加劇了努巴人與北方精英之間的對(duì)立。第四章:文化歧視和政治邊緣化,論述了努巴人在文化上受到歧視和政治上被邊緣化催生了努巴地方民族主義,努巴人在文化上受到的歧視激化了其族群意識(shí),而政治上的邊緣化使受過(guò)教育的努巴中產(chǎn)階層對(duì)掌權(quán)的北方精英非常不滿,他們通過(guò)組建政治組織、抗議示威等政治行動(dòng)提高自己的政治地位。第五章:努巴地方民族主義的演變和走向,梳理了努巴地方民族主義形成后的演變歷程,基于蘇丹和努巴山區(qū)的現(xiàn)狀預(yù)測(cè)努巴地方民族主義的未來(lái)走向。通過(guò)對(duì)努巴地方民族主義的研究,本文得出的主要結(jié)論是:蘇丹的各種地方民族主義問(wèn)題歸根到底是國(guó)家權(quán)力和資源不平等的分配導(dǎo)致的,蘇丹的各少數(shù)族群感到自己在國(guó)家的政治生活和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中被邊緣化,而蘇丹統(tǒng)治精英強(qiáng)加給少數(shù)族群的阿拉伯伊斯蘭化更加深了少數(shù)族群的憤懣,他們通過(guò)訴諸地方民族主義來(lái)爭(zhēng)取自己的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化權(quán)力。要解決地方民族主義問(wèn)題,蘇丹政府就必須回應(yīng)少數(shù)族群的合理訴求。只有實(shí)現(xiàn)各族群之間的和平相處及平等,蘇丹的民族國(guó)家構(gòu)建才有可能成功。
[Abstract]:Over the course of a long history, indigenous tribal groups formerly living in the Nuba Mountains in the Sudan have developed a sense of belonging to a "Nuba" community. In order to safeguard and promote the political, economic and cultural interests of their own ethnic groups, some of them use their members to participate in mass political activities, such as demonstrations, elections, armed insurrections and so on. In order to achieve greater participation in national politics, this paper attempts to reveal the causes of Nuba local nationalism and the root causes of the failure of the construction of the Sudanese national state. The study of Nuba local nationalism is helpful for us to better understand the Soviet Union. The reasons for the setback in the construction of Danan nation state. At the same time. As a case study, this study can help us better understand the nation-state construction and local nationalism in African countries. It can also provide a reference for the study of local nationalism in other African countries. The text of this paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter: the overview of Sudan and Nuba Mountain area, a brief introduction to the geography of Sudan and Nuba Mountains. Population and ethnic composition. Chapter two: the exploitation and colonial rule of outsiders, combing the history of the Nuba Mountains from the period of Islamization to the independence of Sudan. The relationship between the Nuba people and the local and colonial regimes that ruled Sudan was discussed. Chapter three: land disputes and economic exploitation. It is discussed that the economic exploitation of the Nuba people is the root cause of the Nuba local nationalism, especially in the process of the expansion of mechanized agriculture, many of the land of the Nuba people are occupied by the northern bureaucrats and capitalists. This seriously intensifies the confrontation between the Nuba people and the northern elite. Chapter 4th: cultural discrimination and political marginalization, discusses the cultural discrimination and political marginalization of the Nuba people gave birth to Nuba local nationalism. Cultural discrimination against the Nuba has heightened their sense of ethnicity, while political marginalization has made the educated middle class of Nuba very dissatisfied with the elites in power in the north, by forming political organizations. Protest demonstrations and other political actions to improve their political status. Chapter 5th: the evolution and trend of Nuba local nationalism, combing the evolution of Nuba local nationalism after the formation of the process. Based on the current situation of Sudan and Nuba Mountains, the future trend of Nuba local nationalism is predicted. The main conclusion of this paper is that the problems of local nationalism in Sudan are caused by the unequal distribution of state power and resources in the final analysis. The various minorities in the Sudan felt marginalized in the political life and economic development of the country, and the Arab-Islamization imposed on them by the ruling elite had exacerbated their resentment. They fight for their political, economic and cultural rights by resorting to local nationalism. The Sudanese government must respond to the legitimate demands of ethnic minorities. Only by achieving peace and equality among all ethnic groups can the establishment of a nation-state in Sudan succeed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D741.2

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 李安山;試析非洲地方民族主義的演變[J];世界經(jīng)濟(jì)與政治;2001年05期

，

本文編號(hào)：1446399