本文關(guān)鍵詞：美國(guó)特別區(qū)政府研究　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】： 美國(guó)特別區(qū)政府是一種向特定地區(qū)提供公共服務(wù),執(zhí)行單一或有限職能的獨(dú)立的地方政府類型,是美國(guó)地方政府網(wǎng)絡(luò)的重要組成部分。特別區(qū)政府目前數(shù)目最多、發(fā)展最快,在過(guò)去的近半個(gè)世紀(jì),特別區(qū)的增長(zhǎng)率已達(dá)到202.9%,無(wú)論在數(shù)量還是類型上都遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)了所有其他形式地方政府。就對(duì)美國(guó)地方政府的研究而言,它是一個(gè)特殊的觀察點(diǎn)。 本文運(yùn)用規(guī)范與實(shí)證相結(jié)合的研究方法,對(duì)美國(guó)特別區(qū)政府的歷史起源、產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展、組織結(jié)構(gòu)與功能進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)和全面的考察,分析了特別區(qū)在發(fā)展過(guò)程中面臨的困難和問(wèn)題,并對(duì)特別區(qū)在實(shí)踐中的影響和作用進(jìn)行理論總結(jié)和評(píng)析。 通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),作為美國(guó)地方政府的一種特殊形式,特別區(qū)的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展與滿足居民日益擴(kuò)大的公共服務(wù)需求息息相關(guān)。由于組織形式、財(cái)政安排及運(yùn)作機(jī)制的靈活性,特別區(qū)在提供公共服務(wù)和滿足居民日常服務(wù)需求等方面具有一定和特殊的優(yōu)勢(shì)。 不過(guò),特別區(qū)的建立,并不能在公共服務(wù)提供方面實(shí)現(xiàn)一勞永逸。在實(shí)踐中,特別區(qū)也存在資源浪費(fèi)、重復(fù)建設(shè)、服務(wù)效率低下以及居民參與不足等問(wèn)題�？傮w而言,盡管在實(shí)踐中人們對(duì)特別區(qū)的評(píng)價(jià)褒貶不一,但其已構(gòu)成美國(guó)人生活的一部分。因此,需要在組織體系優(yōu)化與整合、加強(qiáng)機(jī)構(gòu)間在公共服務(wù)提供方面的協(xié)同配合以及完善監(jiān)督制約機(jī)制和居民參與等方面進(jìn)行改革。美國(guó)特別區(qū)的實(shí)踐從正反兩個(gè)方面均為我們提供了一定的借鑒和參考。
[Abstract]:The United States is a kind of special zone government to provide public services to the specific area, independent local government performs single or limited function, is an important part of the local government network. Currently the largest number of special district government, the development of the fastest, nearly half a century in the past, especially the growth rate has reached 202.9%, no matter in the quantity or type are far more than all other forms of local government. On the research of the local government, it is a special observation point.
The research method of this paper uses a combination of normative and empirical, especially on the United States District in the state of origin, production, development, organization structure and function were investigated systematically and comprehensively, analyzes the difficulties and problems facing the region especially in the process of development, and the influence of special area in practice and effect is analyzed and evaluated. The theory.
Through the study found that, as a special form of local government in the United States, the emergence and development of the special zone is closely related to meet the growing needs of residents of public service. As the form of organization, financial arrangements and operational flexibility, and special area has some special advantages in the provision of public services and meet the daily service demand of residents and so on.
However, the establishment of the special zone, and cannot provide the implementation once and for all in the public services. In practice, the special zone also has a waste of resources, redundant construction, low service efficiency and insufficient participation and other issues. Overall, despite the evaluation of the special district mixed in practice, but it has formed a part of American life. Therefore, in the organization system optimization and integration, strengthen inter agency in the public service to provide coordination and improve the supervision mechanism and other aspects of the reform. Residents to participate in the practice of the United States special district from two aspects of positive and negative for us to provide a reference and reference.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：D771.2

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 趙健;紐約港務(wù)局的成立及其港口區(qū)域的開(kāi)發(fā)（1921-1962）[D];華東師范大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號(hào)：1409655