本文關(guān)鍵詞：美國(guó)墨西哥邊境治理及移民分析　出處：《外交學(xué)院》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 美墨邊境治理 臨時(shí)移民 經(jīng)濟(jì)及政治需要

【摘要】：美國(guó)政府在20世紀(jì)90年代實(shí)施了一系列邊境治理計(jì)劃，旨在打擊非法越境行為。盡管邊境執(zhí)法設(shè)施以及執(zhí)法人員數(shù)量得到大大增加，但就非法移民人數(shù)及震懾效果來(lái)看，美國(guó)邊境治理政策收效甚微。本篇論文旨在通過(guò)分析政策背后的經(jīng)濟(jì)及政治因素，來(lái)闡明這樣一個(gè)“無(wú)效”的邊境政策緣何得以實(shí)現(xiàn)其政治上的成功。美國(guó)邊境治理政策對(duì)非法移民造成了選擇性影響，從而產(chǎn)生了一種“短期居留”的移民模式。這樣的模式在保護(hù)本國(guó)公民就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的同時(shí)，還可以為美國(guó)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)提供大量的廉價(jià)勞動(dòng)力，以保證其經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。此外，面對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)與日俱增的反移民以及支持限制論的呼聲，該政策還可以妥善緩解移民對(duì)社會(huì)造成的非經(jīng)濟(jì)類威脅。通過(guò)加強(qiáng)邊境治理，并有效利用邊境的象征價(jià)值，，政府得以更好地維護(hù)國(guó)家—公民關(guān)系，從而鞏固其權(quán)力合法性。
[Abstract]:In 1990s, the United States government implemented a series of border control plans aimed at combating illegal cross-border activities. Although the number of border enforcement facilities and law enforcement personnel has been greatly increased, the number of illegal immigrants and the deterrent effect show little effect on the US border control policy. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the reason why such an ineffective border policy has achieved its political success by analyzing the economic and political factors behind the policy. The United States border governance policy has a selective impact on illegal immigration, resulting in a "short-term residence" model of immigration. Such a mode can not only protect the employment opportunities of its citizens, but also provide a large number of cheap labor force for the US labor market, so as to ensure its economic development. In addition, in the face of the increasingly frequent domestic anti immigration and support restriction theory, this policy can also alleviate the threat of immigrants to the society. By strengthening border governance and effectively utilizing the symbolic value of the border, the government can better safeguard the relationship between state and citizens, thereby consolidating the legitimacy of its power.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D771.2

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