【摘要】： 目的:研究道路交通事故頜面部損傷的流行病學(xué)特點(diǎn)和法醫(yī)臨床學(xué)損傷特征;分析頜面部損傷的傷情鑒定、傷殘?jiān)u定和后期醫(yī)療費(fèi)用評估特點(diǎn)及相關(guān)因素;為現(xiàn)行的傷情及傷殘標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等修訂完善提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。方法:應(yīng)用醫(yī)學(xué)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法對2006年和2007年昆明地區(qū)道路交通事故頜面部損傷704例法醫(yī)臨床鑒定案例進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)性分析研究。結(jié)果:本組704例道路交通事故頜面部損傷的案例中,傷情鑒定290例(41%),傷殘?jiān)u定154例(22%),后期醫(yī)療費(fèi)用評估260例(37%),受傷人群的流行病學(xué)特點(diǎn)為:男性多,青壯年多,已婚多,工人和農(nóng)民多。(1)傷情鑒定:290例中重傷13例(4.5%),輕傷163例(56.2%),輕微傷114例(39.3%)。受傷人員中,乘客比例最多(40.7%),但駕駛員和副駕駛位人員損傷最重;在一個(gè)月以內(nèi)鑒定的例數(shù)最多;損傷多為頜面部軟組織損傷,其次為頜面骨折,損傷程度以輕傷為主。(2)傷殘?jiān)u定:154例中構(gòu)成傷殘89例(57.8%),最高等級V級,總體分布以Ⅸ級、Ⅹ級輕度傷殘為主。構(gòu)成傷殘的以駕駛員居多,其次為副駕駛位人員,傷殘級別較高的均發(fā)生于駕駛員和副駕駛位人員;以傷后3-4月進(jìn)行傷殘?jiān)u定的例數(shù)最多;損傷特征主要為瘢痕及色素沉著,其次為牙齒脫落。(3)后期醫(yī)療費(fèi)用評估:260例后期醫(yī)療費(fèi)用評估結(jié)果主要集中在2000～4000元。治療項(xiàng)目主要為瘢痕治療;瘢痕與色素的治療費(fèi)用多集中在4000元以內(nèi):傷情大多以輕傷為主,與后期所需治療費(fèi)用存在正相關(guān)性;是否需要二次手術(shù)及有無并發(fā)癥與后期所需治療費(fèi)用呈正相關(guān)。結(jié)論:道路交通事故受傷人群以男性、中青年、已婚、農(nóng)民為主,致傷致殘率高。駕駛員與副駕駛位人員受傷程度較重。傷情鑒定中以頜面部軟組織損傷最為常見,損傷程度以輕傷為主;傷殘程度以輕度傷殘為主;后期醫(yī)療費(fèi)用評估以2000～4000元所占比例最多。傷情鑒定、傷殘?jiān)u定及后期醫(yī)療費(fèi)用評估與受傷人員的年齡、職業(yè)、婚姻情況及膚色等社會因素相關(guān)性較大。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the epidemiological characteristics and forensic clinical injury characteristics of maxillofacial injury in road traffic accidents, to analyze the characteristics and related factors of maxillofacial injury assessment, disability assessment and later medical cost assessment, and to provide scientific basis for the revision and improvement of current injury and disability standards. Methods: 704 cases of maxillofacial injury caused by road traffic accidents in Kunming in 2006 and 2007 were systematically analyzed by medical statistics. Results: among 704 cases of maxillofacial injury caused by road traffic accidents, 290 cases (41%) were identified as injury condition, 154 cases (22%) as disability assessment, 260 cases (37%) as late medical cost assessment. The epidemiological characteristics of the injured population were as follows: more males, more young adults, more married, more workers and farmers. (1) injury identification: among 290 cases, 13 cases (4.5%) were seriously injured, 163 cases (56.2%) were minor injuries, the epidemiological characteristics of the injured population were as follows: there were more males, more young adults, more married, more workers and farmers. (1) among 290 cases, 13 cases (4.5%) were seriously injured and 163 cases (56.2%) were slightly injured. 114 cases (39.3%) were slightly injured. Among the injured, the proportion of passengers was the most (40.7%), but the driver and copilot were the most seriously injured; the number of cases identified within one month was the most; most of the injuries were maxillofacial soft tissue injury, followed by maxillofacial fracture, and the degree of injury was mainly mild injury. (2) Evaluation of disability: 89 cases of disability (57.8%), the highest grade V, the overall distribution was grade IX, grade X mild disability. The majority of the disabled were drivers, followed by the copilot, and the higher disability grade occurred in the driver and copilot. The number of disability assessment cases was the most from March to April after injury. The main injury characteristics were scar and pigmentation, followed by tooth shedding. (3) later medical cost evaluation: 260 cases of late medical cost evaluation results were mainly concentrated in 2000 / 4000 yuan. The treatment items were mainly scar treatment, and the treatment cost of scar and pigment was mainly less than 4000 yuan: most of the injuries were mainly mild injuries, which were positively correlated with the cost of treatment in the later stage, and whether the need for secondary surgery and complications was positively correlated with the cost of treatment in the later stage. Conclusion: male, young and middle-aged, married and farmers are the main injured population in road traffic accidents, and the disability rate is high. The driver and the copilot were seriously injured. Maxillofacial soft tissue injury was the most common in injury identification, the degree of injury was mainly mild injury, the degree of disability was mild disability, and the proportion of 2000 鈮，

本文編號：2509203