【摘要】：我國(guó)未成年人犯罪形勢(shì)日趨嚴(yán)峻并不斷呈現(xiàn)低齡化趨勢(shì),對(duì)社會(huì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展造成嚴(yán)重威脅,社會(huì)各界均對(duì)此高度重視。由于未成年人身心均未成熟,以寬嚴(yán)相濟(jì)刑事政策為指導(dǎo),完善未成年人犯罪司法制度,對(duì)于犯罪未成年人重新回歸社會(huì)主流,促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧均有積極的意義,也符合我國(guó)對(duì)未成年犯罪人實(shí)行教育、感化、挽救的方針,和堅(jiān)持教育為主、懲罰為輔的原則。 目前司法實(shí)踐中對(duì)未成年犯罪人適用寬嚴(yán)相濟(jì)刑事政策存在的問(wèn)題較多：未成年人犯罪專門司法機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)置沒(méi)有統(tǒng)一；現(xiàn)有的未成年犯罪偵查制度、檢察制度、審判制度、刑罰執(zhí)行制度方面還有不合理、司法人員執(zhí)法起來(lái)無(wú)具體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的地方；對(duì)未成年犯罪人的權(quán)利保護(hù)意識(shí)不強(qiáng)。 要完善符合未成年人身心特點(diǎn)未成年人犯罪司法制度,首先要建立有獨(dú)立建制的未成年人犯罪專門司法機(jī)構(gòu),建立起相應(yīng)的少年公安、少年檢察、少年法庭制度；未成年人犯罪偵查制度方面要完善撤案制度和全面調(diào)查制度；未成年人犯罪起訴制度方面要完善相對(duì)不起訴制度和暫緩起訴制度；未成年人犯罪審判制度方面要擴(kuò)大緩刑的適用范圍和推行暫緩判決制度；未成年人犯罪刑罰執(zhí)行制度方面要放寬減刑、假釋的適用條件、完善社區(qū)矯正制度；對(duì)未成年犯罪人保護(hù)性司法制度方面要完善未成年犯罪嫌疑人的法定代理人制度和建立前科消滅制度。
[Abstract]:The situation of juvenile delinquency in China is becoming more and more serious and showing a trend of youth, which poses a serious threat to the sustainable development of society, which is attached great importance to by all sectors of society. As minors are not mature in body and mind, it is of positive significance to perfect the judicial system of juvenile delinquency under the guidance of the criminal policy of lenient and strict combination, which is of positive significance for the return of juvenile delinquents to the mainstream of society and the promotion of social harmony. It is also in line with the principle of education, probation and rescue for underage criminals in our country, and adhere to the principle of education as the main and punishment as the auxiliary. At present, there are many problems in the application of the criminal policy of combining leniency and severity to juvenile delinquents in judicial practice: there is no unity in the establishment of special judicial institutions for juvenile delinquency; The existing juvenile crime investigation system, procuratorial system, trial system and penalty execution system are still unreasonable, there are no specific standards for judicial personnel to enforce the law, and the awareness of the protection of the rights of underage criminals is not strong. In order to perfect the judicial system of juvenile delinquency in accordance with the physical and mental characteristics of minors, it is necessary to establish a special judicial institution for juvenile delinquency with an independent system, and establish a corresponding juvenile public security, juvenile procuratorial and juvenile court system. In the aspect of investigation system of juvenile delinquency, we should perfect the system of withdrawal and comprehensive investigation, and the system of prosecution of juvenile delinquency should perfect the system of relative non-prosecution and the system of suspending prosecution. In the aspect of juvenile delinquency trial system, it is necessary to expand the scope of application of suspended sentence and carry out suspended judgment system, relax the applicable conditions of commutation and parole, and perfect the community correction system in the execution system of juvenile delinquency penalty. In the aspect of protective judicial system for underage criminals, it is necessary to perfect the legal representative system of juvenile criminal suspects and establish the system of extermination of criminal record.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D669.5;D926.8

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