【摘要】： 近年來，隨著國(guó)際毒品走私活動(dòng)的猖獗，國(guó)內(nèi)的毒品犯罪也呈現(xiàn)上升趨勢(shì)，越來越多的人開始吸食毒品，而其中大部分是青少年。毒品犯罪已經(jīng)成為青少年犯罪的一個(gè)重要方面，如何實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)毒品的快速分析認(rèn)定，對(duì)戒毒過程的監(jiān)測(cè)以及打擊毒品走私和開展禁毒工作都十分重要。傳統(tǒng)的檢測(cè)手段多是利用氣相色譜、液相色譜、質(zhì)譜或者是幾種檢測(cè)手段的聯(lián)用，這些傳統(tǒng)的檢測(cè)手段雖然靈敏度和準(zhǔn)確性都比較高，但是這種檢測(cè)方法都需要大型的儀器而且必須是專業(yè)人員操作，已不能適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代社會(huì)禁毒工作的需要。電化學(xué)分析作為一種獨(dú)立的分析檢測(cè)手段，近期被廣泛應(yīng)用于毒品的分析鑒定，尤其是生物傳感器的開發(fā)，為電化學(xué)手段分析毒品的代謝產(chǎn)物拓寬了道路。本論文以導(dǎo)電玻璃(ITO)為基體電極，選用鹽酸嗎啡為檢測(cè)對(duì)象，以不同的修飾手段來探討電化學(xué)分析方法在毒品檢測(cè)中的應(yīng)用，建立了一套較完整的應(yīng)用于電分析化學(xué)的表征體系，并探討了幾種不同電極制備方法的優(yōu)勢(shì)以及其發(fā)展前景。 論文首先研究了以普魯士藍(lán)(PB)修飾的導(dǎo)電玻璃(ITO)對(duì)嗎啡的電化學(xué)響應(yīng)。發(fā)現(xiàn)修飾后的電極對(duì)嗎啡的電化學(xué)響應(yīng)與空白ITO相比明顯增大。通過掃描電鏡(SEM)表征，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)PB修飾后的電極表面活性面積明顯增大，為了解決PB修飾電極的易毒化問題，我們嘗試了先在ITO上面鍍一層IrO_2然后在對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾等方法，可惜并沒有取得預(yù)期的效果。 其次，在進(jìn)行第一步試驗(yàn)嘗試后我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，只用IrO_2修飾的ITO電極，對(duì)嗎啡有較好的電化學(xué)響應(yīng)。圍繞此種電極，我們建立了以電化學(xué)響應(yīng)電位、響應(yīng)峰電流密度、線性響應(yīng)區(qū)間等為基準(zhǔn)的一套表征方案。在本論文中，我們以IrO_2修飾的ITO電極為工作電極，，循環(huán)伏安法為主要測(cè)試手段，得出了該種電極對(duì)嗎啡的響應(yīng)電位為0．79V(vs．Ag/AgCl)，線性響應(yīng)區(qū)間為5×10~(-7)-5×10~(-3)mol·dm~(-3)，在嗎啡濃度為5×10~(-4)mol·dm~(-3)時(shí)其峰電流密度為7×10~(-5)A/cm~2。此外，初步探討了高溫處理對(duì)電極的嗎啡響應(yīng)性能的影響，發(fā)現(xiàn)其響應(yīng)隨處理溫度的升高而降低。 最后，我們嘗試?yán)脤?dǎo)電聚合物修飾電極來檢測(cè)嗎啡。以ITO為基體，采用水相陽極電沉積了3，4-乙撐二氧噻吩(EDOT)修飾電極，并研究了沉積電量和沉積電位對(duì)電極的嗎啡響應(yīng)活性的影響。發(fā)現(xiàn)沉積電位為1．2V(vs．Ag／AgCl電極)，沉積電量為20-40mC(電極面積為1×0．8cm~2)時(shí)所得的聚合物修飾電極對(duì)嗎啡的電化學(xué)響應(yīng)最大。在此基礎(chǔ)上，研究了聚EDOT膜修飾電極在不同濃度的嗎啡水溶液中的電化學(xué)檢測(cè)，發(fā)現(xiàn)在0．05-6 mmol·dm~(-3)濃度范圍內(nèi)具有很好的線性響應(yīng)，最低檢測(cè)限為0．05mmol·dm~(-3)，相關(guān)系數(shù)達(dá)0．995。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rampant international drug smuggling activities, domestic drug crimes also show an upward trend, more and more people began to take drugs, and most of them are teenagers. Drug crime has become an important aspect of juvenile delinquency. It is very important to monitor the process of detoxification, crack down on drug smuggling and carry out anti-drug work. Most of the traditional methods of detection are gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry or the combination of several detection methods. Although the sensitivity and accuracy of these traditional detection methods are relatively high, However, all of these methods need large scale instruments and must be operated by professionals, which can not meet the needs of drug control in modern society. Electrochemical analysis as an independent means of analysis and detection has recently been widely used in drug analysis and identification, especially the development of biosensor, which opens the way for electrochemical analysis of drug metabolites. Using conductive glass (ITO) as substrate electrode and morphine hydrochloride as detection object, the application of electrochemical analysis method in drug detection was studied by different modification methods. A complete characterization system for electroanalytical chemistry was established, and the advantages and prospects of several different electrode preparation methods were discussed. The electrochemical response of conductive glass (ITO) modified with Prussian blue (PB) to morphine was studied. It was found that the electrochemical response of the modified electrode to morphine was significantly higher than that of blank ITO. By scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization, we found that the surface active area of the electrode modified by PB was obviously increased, in order to solve the problem of easy toxicity of PB modified electrode. We tried to coat the ITO with a layer of IrO_2 and then decorated it, but the desired results were not achieved. Secondly, after the first step experiment, we found that the IrO_2 modified ITO electrode had a good electrochemical response to morphine. Based on the electrochemical response potential, the response peak current density and the linear response range, a set of characterization schemes have been developed. In this thesis, the IrO_2 modified ITO electrode was used as the working electrode and the cyclic voltammetry was used as the main test method. The response potential of the electrode to morphine was 0.79 V (vs.Ag/AgCl). The linear response range is 5 脳 10 ~ (-7) -5 脳 10 ~ (-3) mol dm~ (-3), and the peak current density is 7 脳 10 ~ (-5) A / cm ~ (-3) when morphine concentration is 5 脳 10 ~ (-4) mol dm~ (-3). In addition, the effect of high temperature treatment on the morphine response of the electrode was preliminarily discussed, and it was found that the response decreased with the increase of the treatment temperature. Finally, we try to use conductive polymer modified electrode to detect morphine. Using ITO as the substrate, the (EDOT) modified electrode was electrodeposited by anodic electrodeposition of 3o 4- ethylenedioxythiophene, and the effects of deposition energy and deposition potential on the morphine-responsive activity of the electrode were studied. When the deposition potential is 1.2 V (vs.Ag/AgCl electrode) and the deposition charge is 20-40mC (electrode area is 1 脳 0.8cm~2), the electrochemical response of the polymer modified electrode to morphine is the greatest. On this basis, the electrochemical detection of poly (EDOT) membrane modified electrode in different concentrations of morphine aqueous solution was studied. It was found that there was a good linear response in the concentration range of 0.05-6 mmol dm~ (-3). The lowest detection limit was 0.05mmol dm~ (-3), and the correlation coefficient was 0.995.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：D918.2

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