【摘要】：預(yù)防犯罪、減少犯罪的危害是當(dāng)今世界每個國家所面臨的問題。犯罪學(xué)家們也一直試圖從犯罪人身上找突破口,但效果并不明顯。近年來隨著犯罪學(xué)的發(fā)展,學(xué)者們研究的視野和著手點(diǎn)也越來越廣泛,學(xué)者們已經(jīng)認(rèn)識到犯罪的發(fā)生是由犯罪人和被害人相互作用形成的,所以犯罪的研究不能僅僅局限于犯罪人,而應(yīng)該將一部分精力投入到被害人身上。不管是研究犯罪人還是研究被害人,最終的目的都是減少犯罪的發(fā)生。 被害人在犯罪的發(fā)生及預(yù)防中同樣可以起著重要作用,通過分析被害人及其被害性,從被害人本身的被害性特征出發(fā)可以有效減少被害,揭示抑制和減少被害人向犯罪人轉(zhuǎn)化的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn),減少了犯罪的發(fā)生,預(yù)防犯罪的目的就可以在一定程度上實(shí)現(xiàn)。從被害人角度研究犯罪預(yù)防也可以使我們獲得新的進(jìn)行犯罪預(yù)防研究的角度。當(dāng)然強(qiáng)調(diào)重視被害人的研究并不意味著應(yīng)輕視犯罪人對預(yù)防犯罪作用的研究,而是在當(dāng)前過分關(guān)注犯罪人的情況下提出的,以期希望學(xué)者對被害人給以必要的重視。文章不單從實(shí)證方面直接實(shí)現(xiàn)被害人的被害預(yù)防,還通過建構(gòu)被害人的幫助和救濟(jì)制度來間接實(shí)現(xiàn)犯罪預(yù)防。 全文共分為五個部分:第一部分研究目前我國犯罪預(yù)防的主要途徑,介紹目前我國各種犯罪預(yù)防的角度以及側(cè)重點(diǎn)。第二部分介紹被害人學(xué)研究的發(fā)展歷程以及其給犯罪預(yù)防提供的新的視角和契機(jī)。第三部分是關(guān)于犯罪被害人的基本要素的闡釋,包括被害人的概念、特征、類型及其研究的意義。第四部分從被害人的特征、階段、總的實(shí)現(xiàn)途徑三個方面展開直接被害預(yù)防的研究和設(shè)計(jì)。第五部分通過對構(gòu)建被害人救助制度的闡釋,以期間接實(shí)現(xiàn)對犯罪的預(yù)防。
[Abstract]:To prevent crime and reduce the harm of crime is a problem that every country in the world is facing. Criminologists have also been trying to find a breakthrough from the perpetrators, but the effect is not obvious. In recent years, with the development of criminology, scholars have more and more extensive horizons and starting points of research. Scholars have realized that the occurrence of crime is formed by the interaction between the criminal and the victim. Therefore, the study of crime should not be confined to the criminal, but should focus on the victim. The ultimate goal is to reduce the incidence of crime, whether it is the study of the perpetrator or the study of the victim. Victims can also play an important role in the occurrence and prevention of crime. By analyzing the victims and their victimization, we can effectively reduce the victimization from the victim's own characteristics. By revealing the key points of restraining and reducing the conversion of the victim to the criminal, and reducing the occurrence of the crime, the purpose of crime prevention can be achieved to a certain extent. Crime prevention from the perspective of victims can also enable us to obtain a new perspective of crime prevention research. Of course, the emphasis on the study of victims does not mean that the study of the role of criminals in crime prevention should be belittled, but in the current situation of excessive attention to offenders, in order to hope that scholars give the necessary attention to victims. The article not only realizes the victim's victim prevention directly from the empirical aspect, but also indirectly realizes the crime prevention by constructing the victim's help and relief system. The thesis is divided into five parts: the first part studies the main ways of crime prevention in our country, introduces the angles and emphases of crime prevention. The second part introduces the development course of victimology and the new angle of view and opportunity for crime prevention. The third part is about the basic elements of crime victims, including the concept, characteristics, types and significance of the study. In the fourth part, the author studies and designs the prevention of direct victimization from three aspects: the victim's characteristics, the stage and the total way of realization. The fifth part through the construction of victim relief system interpretation, in order to indirectly achieve crime prevention.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D917.6

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 余成;;論偵查中被害人的二次被害[J];河南警察學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2012年06期

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本文編號：2374749