【摘要】： 城市人口機械增長調(diào)控與戶籍制度改革之間有著密切的聯(lián)系，一方面在傳統(tǒng)計劃經(jīng)濟體制下對于城市人口機械增長的調(diào)控主要依賴于戶籍制度對人口遷移的控制，另一方面隨著以市場為導(dǎo)向的經(jīng)濟體制改革的不斷深入，城鄉(xiāng)分割的二元戶籍制度與現(xiàn)實社會愈來愈不適應(yīng)，迫切需要改革，但是戶籍放開的直接后果就是政府對城市人口機械增長的調(diào)控失去了“抓手”。 在人口流動日益頻繁、制度作用日漸式微的今天，是否還有必要對城市人口的機械增長進行調(diào)控?戶籍制度是不是真的一無是處?對戶籍制度的改革又應(yīng)如何進行? 本文通過研究認為，對于城市人口機械增長的調(diào)控是必要的，城市人口的過度增長會導(dǎo)致以城市人口為主要標(biāo)志的城市負荷量超過以城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施為主要標(biāo)志的城市負荷能力，出現(xiàn)諸如環(huán)境污染、交通擁擠、住房緊張、城市蔓延、貧富不均、犯罪問題等各種不良后果，即所謂“都市病”。對戶籍制度應(yīng)當(dāng)予以正確評價，一方面要承認它曾起過的積極作用，另一方面也應(yīng)認識到改革它的必要性。本文在客觀評價戶籍制度作用的基礎(chǔ)上，，對于戶籍制度改革的難點也進行了充分論述，認為戶籍制度改革的難點第一在于戶口被附加了很多利益，第二在于我國各地區(qū)和城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展的不均衡性，如若忽視地區(qū)發(fā)展差異、忽視配套制度改革，結(jié)果是城市化的甜頭尚未嘗到，城市病便會接踵而至。對于戶籍制度的改革應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循“循序漸進”的原則，教育體制、住房政策、社會保障以及勞動用工等配套制度的改革要先行。另外要充分重視地區(qū)發(fā)展差異，在城鄉(xiāng)和地區(qū)之間收入和福利存在巨大差距的情況下，戶籍制度的立即取消，城鄉(xiāng)制度完全一體化，大量人口的涌入會導(dǎo)致城市陷入混亂甚至崩潰。本文還以鄭州市為例討論了戶籍制度對于調(diào)控城市人口機械增長的作用，認為戶籍制度會影響城市人口的增長速度以及人口分布。當(dāng)戶籍政策寬松時，城市人口機械增長速度就快，而戶籍政策收緊，城市人口的機械增長速度也隨之減緩，而且戶口放開會使人口聚集到具有資源優(yōu)勢的區(qū)。本文最后對戶籍制度的改革方向進行了討論，包括配套制度的改革以及針對地區(qū)發(fā)展不均的現(xiàn)實實施梯度化戶籍制度改革的構(gòu)想。
[Abstract]:There is a close relationship between the regulation and control of urban population mechanical growth and the reform of the household registration system. On the one hand, the regulation and control of the mechanical growth of urban population under the traditional planned economy system mainly depends on the control of the household registration system on the population migration. On the other hand, with the deepening of the market-oriented economic system reform, the dual household registration system, which is divided between urban and rural areas, is becoming more and more inadaptable to the real society, and the reform is urgently needed. But the immediate consequence of household registration liberalisation is that the government has lost its grip on the mechanical growth of urban population. Is it necessary to adjust and control the mechanical growth of urban population when the population flow is becoming more and more frequent and the function of the system is declining day by day? Is the household registration system really useless? How to reform the household registration system? In this paper, the author thinks that it is necessary to adjust and control the mechanical growth of urban population, and the excessive growth of urban population will lead to the overloading of urban population as the main symbol of urban load capacity, which is mainly marked by urban infrastructure. Such as environmental pollution, traffic congestion, housing constraints, urban sprawl, inequality, crime and other adverse consequences, the so-called "urban disease." The household registration system should be correctly evaluated. On the one hand, it should recognize the positive role it has played, on the other hand, it should also recognize the necessity of reforming it. Based on the objective evaluation of the role of the household registration system, this paper fully discusses the difficulties in the reform of the household registration system, and holds that the difficulty of the reform of the household registration system lies first in the fact that the household registration system has been attached a lot of benefits. The second is the imbalance of regional and urban-rural development in China. If we ignore the difference of regional development and the reform of supporting system, the result is that the benefits of urbanization have not yet been tasted, and the urban diseases will follow one after another. The reform of household registration system should follow the principle of "step by step", education system, housing policy, social security and labor and employment system reform. In addition, due attention should be paid to regional development differences. When there is a huge gap in income and welfare between urban and rural areas, the household registration system is immediately abolished and the urban-rural system is fully integrated. The influx of large numbers of people can lead to chaos or even collapse of the city. This paper also discusses the role of household registration system in regulating the mechanical growth of urban population by taking Zhengzhou as an example. It is believed that the household registration system will affect the growth rate and population distribution of urban population. When the household registration policy is loose, the urban population will grow rapidly, and the household registration policy will tighten, and the mechanical growth rate of urban population will also slow down, and the opening of household registration will make the population gather to areas with resource advantages. Finally, this paper discusses the reform direction of the household registration system, including the reform of the supporting system and the concept of implementing the gradient household registration system reform in view of the uneven development of the region.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：D631.42

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 楊傳林;市場經(jīng)濟進程中的中國人口流動問題研究[D];青島大學(xué);2008年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 周偉;基于農(nóng)業(yè)剩余勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移下的戶籍改革研究[D];山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2010年

2 喬偉偉;城鄉(xiāng)二元戶籍制度改革的相關(guān)法律問題研究[D];西北民族大學(xué);2010年

3 汪健萍;論戶籍制度的改革[D];蘇州大學(xué);2007年

4 張雪;上海市高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)政策研究[D];華東師范大學(xué);2008年

5 阮晶晶;大城市居住用地空間分布研究[D];華中科技大學(xué);2008年

本文編號：2293698