本文選題：警察 + 職務犯罪��； 參考：《華東政法學院》2005年碩士論文

【摘要】： 當前警察腐敗問題引人關注。作為國家重要的治安行政和刑事司法力量，警察的腐敗勢必影響政府廉潔高效的形象，甚至會動搖整個社會法治的根基，警察腐敗問題值得高度重視。本文從職務犯罪這一腐敗現(xiàn)象最嚴重的表現(xiàn)形式入手，結(jié)合犯罪學的犯罪原因基本理論以及警察行業(yè)的特殊性，分析了警察職務犯罪的現(xiàn)狀、特點和成因，并就所述原因提出有針對性的防治對策。 全文分為三章。第一章主要談警察職務犯罪的概念、特征、現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢預測，，提出當前警察職務犯罪主要有刑訊逼供、涉黑涉惡犯罪、貪污賄賂犯罪、濫用職權、玩忽職守、徇私枉法、違法槍械使用規(guī)定致人死、傷或持槍殺人、傷害等犯罪；在警察職務犯罪中，領導干部占突出比例，發(fā)案率較高的警種主要是治安警、刑警、交警和看守所民警；集體犯罪、窩案串案突出，犯罪形式具有隱蔽性和欺騙性，且具有嚴重的社會危害性；警察職務犯罪在經(jīng)過九十年代中后期腐敗犯罪高峰期之后，其高發(fā)勢頭初步得到遏制，但仍處于一個易發(fā)的高風險區(qū)段；警察職務犯罪“熱點”悄然變化，侵犯公民人身權利、民主權利的刑訊逼供等案件逐步減少，而以“不作為”表現(xiàn)形式的玩忽職守等瀆職類案件卻在增加；出入境管理部門正在成為警察職務犯罪的新“熱點”。第二章系統(tǒng)分析警察職務犯罪的主客觀原因，提出警察職務犯罪的客觀因素包括經(jīng)濟、政治、法律和文化、體制、社會環(huán)境等因素，其中公安經(jīng)費保障不足、警察物質(zhì)待遇偏低，是警察職務犯罪的經(jīng)濟誘因，而警察職能過多、權力過大，相應的監(jiān)督制約機制缺位和對警察職務犯罪懲處力度不夠，導致犯罪低成本低風險，是警察職務犯罪的政治和法律因素。警察職務犯罪的主觀因素包括個體道德、文化素質(zhì)、法律意識和求利動機等。其個性特征概括起來有：道德、文化素質(zhì)較低，意志薄弱，經(jīng)不起權力誘惑；罪責感差，法制觀念淡��；警察個體求利動機在貪婪心理、吃虧補償心理，僥幸心理和法不責眾等幾種心理因素的作用下得到異常強化，從而誘發(fā)警察職務犯罪。第三章針對警察職務犯罪的主客觀因素，按照犯罪預防理論，借鑒古今中外的成功經(jīng)驗，提出實施以不敢為、不能為和不想為三個層次為內(nèi)容的防治對策：即通過嚴厲懲治，加強監(jiān)督，增加警察職務犯罪的風險，使之不敢為；通過完善立法，改革體制，規(guī)范、制約警察權力，減少警察職務犯罪機會，使之不能為；通過健全獎廉養(yǎng)廉機制和經(jīng)常性教育活動，消除腐敗動機，使之不想為。與此相應建立起關聯(lián)配套的使之不敢為的懲治監(jiān)督機制，不能為的防范制約機制和不想為的防腐自律機制，從而形成一個嚴密有效、良性循環(huán)的懲治和預防警察職務犯罪體系。
[Abstract]:The current problem of police corruption attracts much attention. As an important national security administration and criminal justice force, the corruption of the police is bound to affect the image of the government clean and efficient, and even shake the foundation of the rule of law in the whole society. Therefore, the problem of police corruption deserves high attention. Based on the basic theory of crime and the particularity of the police industry, this paper analyzes the present situation, characteristics and causes of the crime of police duty, which is the most serious form of corruption, combining with the basic theory of crime of criminology and the particularity of the police profession. And the prevention and cure countermeasures are put forward according to the reasons mentioned above. The full text is divided into three chapters. The first chapter mainly discusses the concept, characteristics, present situation and development trend of the police duty crime, and points out that the current police duty crimes mainly include extortion of confession by torture, criminal involvement in crime, embezzlement and bribery, abuse of power, neglect of duty and bending the law for selfish ends. The provisions on the use of illegal firearms cause death, injure or murder with guns, and other crimes; among the crimes committed by police officers, leading cadres account for a prominent proportion, and the police categories with a relatively high incidence of crimes are mainly security police, criminal police, traffic police, and police officers in detention centres; and collective crimes, The criminal forms are concealed, deceptive, and have serious social harmfulness. After the peak period of corruption crimes in the mid and late 1990s, the high incidence of police duty crimes was initially contained. However, it is still in a high-risk section; the "hot spots" of police duty crimes have quietly changed, and the cases of infringing on citizens' personal rights, extorting confessions by torture and democratic rights have gradually decreased. However, the cases of dereliction of duty in the form of "omission" are increasing, and the immigration administration department is becoming a new "hot spot" of police duty crime. The second chapter systematically analyzes the subjective and objective reasons of the police duty crime, and points out that the objective factors of the police duty crime include economic, political, legal and cultural factors, system, social environment and so on. The low material treatment of the police is the economic inducement of the police duty crime, but the police function is too much, the power is too big, the corresponding supervision and restriction mechanism is absent and the punishment for the police duty crime is not enough, which leads to the low cost and low risk of the crime. It is the political and legal factor of police duty crime. The subjective factors of police duty crime include individual morality, cultural quality, legal consciousness and profit motive. Its personality features are summarized as follows: moral, low cultural quality, weak will, can not withstand the temptation of power; poor sense of guilt, weak concept of legal system; individual motive of the police in greed, loss compensation psychology, Under the action of several psychological factors, such as fluke psychology and legal blame, the police duty crime is induced. The third chapter aims at the subjective and objective factors of the police duty crime, according to the crime prevention theory, draws lessons from the ancient and modern Chinese and foreign successful experience, proposes to carry out the prevention and cure countermeasure which dare not to do, cannot and does not want for the three levels: namely through the stern punishment, Strengthen the supervision, increase the risk of the police duty crime, make it dare not to do, improve the legislation, reform the system, regulate, restrict the police power, reduce the opportunity of the police duty crime, make it impossible to do; By improving the mechanism and regular educational activities to eliminate the motivation of corruption, so that it does not want to. The relevant punishment and supervision mechanism which makes it afraid to do so, the prevention and restriction mechanism which can not be done and the anti-corrosion self-discipline mechanism which do not want to do are set up accordingly, thus forming a strict and effective system of punishing and preventing police duty crime in a virtuous circle.
【學位授予單位】：華東政法學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：D917.6

【引證文獻】

相關期刊論文 前2條

1 湯鑫雷;;警察職權腐敗及治理對策——從警察不作為和不當使用的裁量權談起[J];云南警官學院學報;2010年05期

2 李明;黃曉平;張愛國;;當前公安民警違法違紀和職務犯罪的特點 原因與預防對策[J];云南警官學院學報;2011年01期

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 王英;警察職務犯罪心理預防研究[D];華東政法大學;2008年

本文編號：2108718