本文選題：警察執(zhí)法 + 監(jiān)督制約��； 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：“一切有權(quán)力的人都容易濫用權(quán)力”這是孟德斯鳩的名言,警察作為國家重要的治安行政和刑事司法力量,擁有廣泛的權(quán)力,為了確保將警察的權(quán)力限定在法定范圍內(nèi),就必須加強(qiáng)監(jiān)督和制約,二者相互融合,不可分離。相對(duì)與內(nèi)部監(jiān)督制約的“自我監(jiān)督”和“自我督促”,外部監(jiān)督制約因其主體的廣泛性,手段的多樣性,突出的外在性而具有特別重大的意義。我國警察執(zhí)法外部監(jiān)督制約機(jī)制經(jīng)過幾十年的發(fā)展,已經(jīng)初步形成了具有自身特色的警察執(zhí)法外部監(jiān)督制約網(wǎng)絡(luò),在預(yù)防權(quán)力濫用,提高執(zhí)法效率方面發(fā)揮了重要的作用。但是仍然存在不足,比如監(jiān)督制約機(jī)構(gòu)并沒有成體系化,整體功能不強(qiáng),缺乏合力,注重事后監(jiān)督而忽略事中監(jiān)督和事前的預(yù)防性監(jiān)督,公眾警務(wù)監(jiān)督流于形式,缺乏有效性,導(dǎo)致現(xiàn)實(shí)中監(jiān)督不力,不合法執(zhí)法與不合理執(zhí)法問題頻發(fā)。這就需要警務(wù)外部監(jiān)督制約機(jī)制作有效的完善,形成對(duì)警察執(zhí)法的全方位的監(jiān)督網(wǎng),一方面可以防止和糾正警察在執(zhí)法中的不當(dāng)乃至違規(guī)違法,保護(hù)當(dāng)事人的合法權(quán)益,另一方面也有利于促進(jìn)和保障警察更好地依法行政、依法執(zhí)法。 本文從三個(gè)部分進(jìn)行論述。第一部分,對(duì)警察執(zhí)法外部監(jiān)督制約的一般理論進(jìn)行分析,詳細(xì)的解析警察執(zhí)法外部監(jiān)督制約的內(nèi)涵,特點(diǎn)以及必要性。進(jìn)一步分析了外部監(jiān)督制約的理論模式,包括政治學(xué)模式和社會(huì)學(xué)模式兩種。為以下的論述作了鋪墊。第二部分,主要論述了我國警察監(jiān)督制約機(jī)制的現(xiàn)狀,詳細(xì)說明了外部監(jiān)督制約的主要形式,并且指出了其存在的問題。第三部分是本文的重點(diǎn)部分,對(duì)完善我國警察執(zhí)法外部監(jiān)督制約機(jī)制進(jìn)行了探索,具體包括健全權(quán)力監(jiān)督制約機(jī)制、健全民主監(jiān)督制約機(jī)制、加強(qiáng)各監(jiān)督制約主體的協(xié)調(diào)配合、內(nèi)部與外部監(jiān)督制約相結(jié)合,注重監(jiān)督過程的連續(xù)性、完善對(duì)警察執(zhí)法監(jiān)督者的監(jiān)督制約五個(gè)方面。
[Abstract]:"all who have power are prone to abuse of power" is Montesquieu's famous saying that the police, as an important public security administrative and criminal justice force in the country, have a wide range of powers to ensure that the powers of the police are limited to the statutory limits. Must strengthen the supervision and restriction, the two fusion, cannot separate. Relative to internal supervision and self-supervision, external supervision and restriction is of great significance because of its extensive subject, diversity of means and prominent externality. After decades of development, the external supervision and restriction mechanism of police law enforcement in our country has formed the external supervision and restriction network with its own characteristics, which has played an important role in preventing abuse of power and improving the efficiency of law enforcement. However, there are still shortcomings. For example, supervision and control institutions have not been systematized, their overall functions are not strong, they lack joint efforts, they pay attention to supervision after the event while neglecting supervision in the event and preventive supervision in advance, and the supervision of public policing is mere formality and lacks effectiveness. As a result, supervision is weak, illegal law enforcement and unreasonable law enforcement occur frequently. This requires the effective improvement of the external police supervision and restriction mechanism and the formation of a comprehensive supervision network for the police law enforcement. On the one hand, it can prevent and correct the police's improper or illegal enforcement of the law and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the parties. On the other hand, it is also conducive to promoting and safeguarding the police to better administration according to law and law enforcement. This article carries on the discussion from three parts. In the first part, the general theory of external supervision and restriction of police law enforcement is analyzed, and the connotation, characteristics and necessity of external supervision and restriction of police law enforcement are analyzed in detail. Further analysis of the external supervision and restriction of the theoretical model, including political science model and sociological model. It paves the way for the following discussion. The second part mainly discusses the present situation of the police supervision and restriction mechanism in our country, explains the main forms of external supervision and restriction in detail, and points out the existing problems. The third part is the key part of this paper, which explores the improvement of the external supervision and restriction mechanism of police law enforcement in China, including the improvement of the power supervision and restriction mechanism, the improvement of democratic supervision and restriction mechanism, and the strengthening of the coordination and coordination of the various supervisory and restrictive subjects. Combining internal and external supervision and restriction, paying attention to the continuity of supervision process and perfecting the supervision and restriction of police law enforcement supervisors.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D631.1;D630.9

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