本文選題：親子鑒定 + 適用原則　； 參考：《南京師范大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文

【摘要】： 隨著我國(guó)當(dāng)前物質(zhì)生活水平的提高以及社會(huì)價(jià)值追求多元化趨勢(shì)的加強(qiáng),人們的傳統(tǒng)觀念發(fā)生了巨大的變化,突出表現(xiàn)在“包二奶"、婚外戀和非婚生子等反傳統(tǒng)現(xiàn)象的頻繁發(fā)生。這一系列問(wèn)題的出現(xiàn),使得傳統(tǒng)的婚姻道德觀念和傳統(tǒng)的婚姻模式面臨巨大的挑戰(zhàn)�；橐黾彝ノC(jī)日趨嚴(yán)重,夫妻間的忠誠(chéng)與信任幾乎蕩然無(wú)存。在這樣一個(gè)復(fù)雜的社會(huì)大環(huán)境下,親子鑒定走進(jìn)人們的視野并在尷尬中升溫,絕非一個(gè)偶然的現(xiàn)象。 親子鑒定廣泛應(yīng)用于司法審判、行事偵查、戶籍遷移、國(guó)籍確定、計(jì)劃生育、收養(yǎng)及血液配型等領(lǐng)域。而DNA技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,也使得親子鑒定的內(nèi)涵不斷加深、外延不斷擴(kuò)展。親子鑒定的獨(dú)特功能可以幫助我們完成對(duì)身份的辨認(rèn)和知識(shí)的認(rèn)知。 親子鑒定在法律實(shí)踐中發(fā)揮著重要的作用:它在民事法律審判中的運(yùn)用可以幫助法官查明事實(shí)真相,建立起新的民事法律關(guān)系,消滅已有的民事法律關(guān)系,滿足利害關(guān)系人對(duì)知情權(quán)的渴求和對(duì)名譽(yù)權(quán)的維護(hù);在刑事審判中可以幫助法官完成對(duì)犯罪嫌疑人的定罪。盡管親子鑒定在生活中作用極大,但是其副作用不容小覷。親子鑒定存在著適用不當(dāng)和被濫用的情形,這對(duì)利害關(guān)系人各方的合法權(quán)益構(gòu)成了極大的挑戰(zhàn)。 由于現(xiàn)行相關(guān)法律的空白,親子鑒定這一嚴(yán)肅的科學(xué)面臨諸多尷尬。而親子鑒定的特殊性又使我們不得不對(duì)其做出一些限制性規(guī)范。為了限制親子鑒定的消極因素,從立法層面加以規(guī)范性引導(dǎo)就顯得意義重大。在充分考慮到家庭各方需求及利害關(guān)系人的知情權(quán)、名譽(yù)權(quán)、生育權(quán)之間的利益平衡的基礎(chǔ)上,我們需要對(duì)親子鑒定行為進(jìn)行一些規(guī)范性引導(dǎo)。本文擬從建立健全相關(guān)法律,完善其適用程序,完善鑒定機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置、規(guī)范鑒定行為、完善人員配備及建立差錯(cuò)責(zé)任追究等方面入手,對(duì)親子鑒定做出系統(tǒng)化的理論闡述。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of our country's current material living standard and the strengthening of the trend of pursuing pluralism in social value, people's traditional concepts have undergone tremendous changes. Prominent in the "second wife", extramarital love and illegitimate children such as frequent occurrence of anti-traditional phenomena. The emergence of this series of problems makes the traditional marriage moral concept and traditional marriage model face enormous challenges. The crisis of marriage and family is becoming more and more serious, and the loyalty and trust between husband and wife are almost gone. In such a complicated social environment, it is no accident that paternity testing comes into people's vision and heats up in embarrassment. Paternity testing is widely used in judicial trial, investigation, household registration, nationality determination, family planning, adoption and blood matching. With the development of DNA technology, the intension and extension of paternity test have been deepened. The unique function of paternity testing can help us to recognize identity and knowledge. Paternity testing plays an important role in legal practice: its application in civil law trial can help the judge to find out the truth of the facts, establish a new civil legal relationship, and eliminate the existing civil legal relationship. To satisfy the interested parties' thirst for the right to know and to safeguard the right of reputation can help the judge to complete the conviction of the suspect in the criminal trial. Although paternity testing plays an important role in life, its side effects should not be underestimated. The improper application and abuse of paternity testing pose a great challenge to the legitimate rights and interests of interested parties. The serious science of paternity testing is faced with many embarrassment due to the blank of current relevant laws. And the particularity of paternity test makes us have to make some restrictive norms. In order to limit the negative factors of paternity test, it is of great significance to guide the legislation. On the basis of fully considering the needs of all parties in the family and the interests of the interested parties the right to know the right to reputation and the right to procreate we need to conduct some normative guidance on the behavior of paternity testing. This paper intends to establish and perfect the relevant laws, perfect its applicable procedures, perfect the establishment of appraisal institutions, standardize the appraisal behavior, perfect the staffing and establish the accountability for errors, and make a systematic theoretical elaboration of paternity testing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：D919.4

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 伍鑫;論我國(guó)親子鑒定法律適用[D];華中科技大學(xué);2011年

2 閆小淵;親子鑒定的法律規(guī)制研究[D];廣東商學(xué)院;2013年

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本文編號(hào)：1875414