本文選題：有組織犯罪 + 有組織犯罪黑社會化�。� 參考：《華東政法大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 有組織犯罪是危害極其嚴(yán)重的一種犯罪形態(tài),與販毒、恐怖主義活動一起被聯(lián)合國大會宣稱的“世界三大犯罪災(zāi)難之一”。有組織犯罪不僅是當(dāng)前國際社會所面臨的嚴(yán)重政治問題,也是嚴(yán)重社會治安問題。處于轉(zhuǎn)型時期的中國也不例外,全國各地相繼出現(xiàn)各種犯罪團伙、地方黑惡勢力以及黑社會(性質(zhì))組織;尤其在沿海地區(qū),加之境外黑社會組織的滲透,有組織犯罪出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的黑社會化的趨勢。如何預(yù)防和打擊有組織犯罪成為政府以及整個社會所面臨的重要課題。 雖然學(xué)術(shù)界對于有組織犯罪的界定有所爭論,但對于有組織犯罪具有組織性以及為牟取非法的巨額經(jīng)濟利益為目的的特征已形成統(tǒng)一的見解。這兩種特征揭示出在某些層面上可以將宏觀上的有組織犯罪(有組織犯罪整體)當(dāng)作一種非法產(chǎn)業(yè),將微觀層面上的有組織犯罪(單個犯罪組織)視為一個非法的經(jīng)濟實體。從這一角度來看,有組織犯罪黑社會化的本質(zhì)就是經(jīng)濟實體追逐經(jīng)濟利益的過程,一個產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的過程;而對于經(jīng)濟利益的追逐又促使有組織犯罪黑社會化(包括組織結(jié)構(gòu)的提升與非法控制行業(yè)的擴張)。 一個產(chǎn)業(yè)的形成與發(fā)展離不開其經(jīng)濟環(huán)境。有組織犯罪作為一個經(jīng)濟實體,其產(chǎn)生、生存與發(fā)展同樣不能擺脫當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟運行環(huán)境。因而在有組織犯罪黑社會化的動態(tài)過程中,即有組織犯罪的犯罪形式由較低層次向較高層次轉(zhuǎn)變,從一般的集團犯罪向黑社會組織以及跨國黑社會組織發(fā)展,市場經(jīng)濟體制的不完善以及市場經(jīng)濟改革所帶來的負(fù)面影響這些誘導(dǎo)因素不可忽視。現(xiàn)階段,我國多元的所有制結(jié)構(gòu)為有組織犯罪的形成及其黑社會化提供了土壤;人口流動以及勞動力的相對過剩為有組織犯罪黑社會化提供了后備力量;異生黑市以及法律資源的供給不足為有組織犯罪黑社會化提供了發(fā)展空間;社會轉(zhuǎn)型時期制度的不完善給有組織犯罪黑社會化提供了契機。另一方面,一個經(jīng)濟體的目的在于謀取經(jīng)濟利益。同樣,有組織犯罪的目的也在于謀求非法的巨額經(jīng)濟利益。有組織犯罪自身生存以及為滿足其成員的奢侈的生活等各方面的經(jīng)濟要求才是有組織犯罪黑社會化的內(nèi)部經(jīng)濟動因,是根本推動力。有組織犯罪在最大化的追求經(jīng)濟利益的同時,不斷推動著其成員個體與自身組織體的黑社會化進程。 在這樣市場環(huán)境以及經(jīng)濟體本身的要求下,有組織犯罪在黑社會化過程中逐步形成了強大的經(jīng)濟實體;并且呈現(xiàn)出逐步向合法經(jīng)濟領(lǐng)域、政治領(lǐng)域滲透的趨勢。有組織犯罪充分利用其雄厚的經(jīng)濟實力,在保護有組織犯罪的生存與發(fā)展,以及有組織犯罪的幫會文化的形成方面發(fā)揮了巨大作用。 因此,從產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)濟的視野下分析有組織犯罪黑社會化,針對有組織犯罪及其黑社會化的市場經(jīng)濟動因以及作為一個經(jīng)濟實體本身的運行規(guī)律方面,采取具有針對性的防控措施對于預(yù)防和控制有組織犯罪具有極其重要的意義。例如,完善市場經(jīng)濟制度、消除市場經(jīng)濟的負(fù)面影響,通過打擊黑市和控制洗錢削弱有組織犯罪的經(jīng)濟實力,都能夠有效預(yù)防有組織犯罪及其黑社會化。
[Abstract]:Organized crime is one of the most harmful forms of crime , which is linked to drug trafficking and terrorism . Organized crime is not only a serious political problem facing the current international community , but also a serious social security problem . It is not only the serious political problem that the current international community faces , but also serious social security . In the period of transition , there are various kinds of criminal gangs , local black and evil forces and the underworld ( nature ) organizations . Especially in the coastal areas , there is a tendency of serious black socialization in organized crime . How to prevent and combat organized crime has become an important task facing the government and society as a whole .






Although there is a debate about the definition of organized crime in the academic circle , it has formed a unified view on the organization of organized crime and the large economic benefit for making it illegal . The two characteristics reveal that the nature of organized crime ( organized crime as a whole ) can be regarded as an illegal economic entity at certain level . From this perspective , it is the process of economic entity pursuit of economic benefits , the process of industry development , and the pursuit of economic benefit has led to the formation of the black socialization of organized crime ( including the promotion of organizational structure and the expansion of illegal control industry ) .






The formation and development of an industry is inseparable from its economic environment . As an economic entity , there is organized crime as an economic entity , and its emergence , existence and development can not get rid of the current economic operation environment .






Under the demand of such a market environment and the economy itself , organized crime has gradually formed a strong economic entity in the process of black socialization , and has shown a tendency to gradually infiltrate into the legal economy and political field . Organized crime makes full use of its strong economic strength , plays a great role in protecting the existence and development of organized crime and the formation of gang culture with organized crime .






Therefore , it is of great significance to analyze the black socialization of organized crime from the view of industrial economy , the reason of market economy for organized crime and its black socialization and the operation law as an economic entity itself . For example , to perfect the market economy system and eliminate the negative impact of market economy , it is possible to effectively prevent organized crime and its black socialization by combating black market and controlling the economic strength of organized crime .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：D917

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 浦如一;黑社會組織犯罪研究[D];華東政法大學(xué);2011年

2 尹娟娟;非監(jiān)禁刑與社區(qū)矯正一體化研究[D];青島大學(xué);2011年

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本文編號：1755503