本文選題：勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng) + 制度缺陷��； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文

【摘要】： 作為具有中國特色的一項(xiàng)重要法律制度,勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)制度在維護(hù)社會(huì)治安和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定,預(yù)防和減少犯罪,教育和挽救違法犯罪人員等方面發(fā)揮了不可替代的作用。然而,隨著時(shí)代的發(fā)展和社會(huì)的進(jìn)步,民主和法治已成為國家政治文明的重要內(nèi)容,公民的法律意識(shí)與維權(quán)意識(shí)也日益高漲。勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)制度因其法理上的矛盾、程序上的欠缺以及實(shí)踐中的問題,受到越來越多的質(zhì)疑和關(guān)注。因此,討論勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)具有重大的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 關(guān)于我國勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)制度的命運(yùn),學(xué)界基本分廢除論和保留論兩派。但無論哪一派,在對(duì)待勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)是否應(yīng)該進(jìn)行改革和立法完善的問題上,卻有著驚人的一致。勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)制度應(yīng)該進(jìn)行改革和立法完善,但在如何進(jìn)行改革和立法完善上,則是仁者見仁,智者見智。本文贊同保留勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)制度并對(duì)其進(jìn)行改革和立法完善的觀點(diǎn),主要包括四個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容: 一、勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)制度的歷史發(fā)展及現(xiàn)狀。勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)是特殊歷史時(shí)期的政治選擇,始建于1955年,以1957年國務(wù)院公布《關(guān)于勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)問題的決定》為標(biāo)志正式創(chuàng)建。1982年,國務(wù)院轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)公安部的《勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)試行辦法》,勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)制度開始走上了正常的發(fā)展道路。經(jīng)過多年的修修補(bǔ)補(bǔ),現(xiàn)行的勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)制度已與創(chuàng)建時(shí)有了很大的不同。 二、勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)制度的不足。主要表現(xiàn)在制度本身的缺陷和實(shí)際運(yùn)作中出現(xiàn)的問題兩方面。其中法律性質(zhì)不確定是問題爭(zhēng)論的焦點(diǎn),本文嘗試從其性質(zhì)的歷史變遷的角度論述勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)性質(zhì)不確定的根本原因。此外,法律依據(jù)位階低、程序不規(guī)范、缺乏有效監(jiān)督和執(zhí)法隨意性大也是爭(zhēng)議比較大的問題。 三、從勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)制度存在的必要性和合理性論證勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)制度應(yīng)該繼續(xù)存在。勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)存在的必要性在于其無可替代的歷史作用和巨大的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,其合理性在于存在滿足功利需要的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí),在法制價(jià)值上具有創(chuàng)新意義。 四、勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)制度的出路。立法改革是勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)的惟一出路,在立法時(shí),首先要明確其法律性質(zhì),確立其法律地位,建立起獨(dú)立于行政處罰和刑事處罰之外的法律處分。在制度建構(gòu)時(shí),要著重解決性質(zhì)及宗旨、適用條件和適用對(duì)象、期限、司法程序、權(quán)利與義務(wù)、法律監(jiān)督和法律救濟(jì)以及所政管理等方面的問題。
[Abstract]:As an important legal system with Chinese characteristics, the system of re-education through labor plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining public order and social stability, preventing and reducing crime, educating and rescuing offenders and so on.However, with the development of the times and the progress of the society, democracy and the rule of law have become an important part of the national political civilization.The system of reeducation through labor has been questioned and paid more and more attention because of its contradiction in legal theory, lack of procedure and problems in practice.Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to discuss reeducation through labor.About the fate of our country's reeducation through labor system, there are two schools in academic circles: abrogation theory and reservation theory.However, no matter which school, there is a surprising agreement on whether to reform and perfect legislation.The system of reeducation through labor should be reformed and legislated.This paper agrees with the view that the system of reeducation through labour should be retained, reformed and legislated, including four aspects:First, the historical development and present situation of the reeducation through labor system.Reeducation through labor is a political choice in a special historical period. It was founded in 1955, marked by the decision on the issue of reeducation through labor issued by the State Council in 1957.The State Council forwarded the trial measures of reeducation through labor to the Ministry of Public Security.After years of tinkering, the current system of reeducation through labor has been very different from when it was founded.Second, the deficiency of the system of reeducation through labor.It is mainly manifested in the defects of the system itself and the problems in actual operation.The uncertainty of legal nature is the focus of controversy. This paper tries to discuss the root cause of uncertainty of nature of re-education through labor from the perspective of its historical changes.In addition, the legal basis is low, the procedure is not standard, the lack of effective supervision and the law enforcement randomness is also a controversial issue.Third, the necessity and rationality of the existence of reeducation through labor system should continue to exist.The necessity of the existence of reeducation through labor lies in its irreplaceable historical role and great practical significance, and its rationality lies in the existence of social reality to meet the needs of utilitarianism, which is of innovative significance in the value of legal system.Fourth, the way out of the system of reeducation through labor.Legislative reform is the only way out for reeducation through labor. In legislation, we must first make clear its legal nature, establish its legal status and establish legal sanctions independent of administrative and criminal penalties.In the process of system construction, the problems of nature and purpose, applicable conditions and objects, time limit, judicial procedure, rights and obligations, legal supervision and legal relief, and administration of administration should be solved emphatically.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：D926.8

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 梁輝愛;論數(shù)罪并罰原理在行政處理中的參照運(yùn)用[D];華東政法大學(xué);2011年

2 劉實(shí);勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)制度的缺陷及改革研究[D];西南政法大學(xué);2011年

3 劉偉;論勞動(dòng)教養(yǎng)制度及其改革[D];西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué);2010年

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本文編號(hào)：1735371