本文選題：法庭科學(xué) + 可疑文件��； 參考：《首都師范大學(xué)》2005年碩士論文

【摘要】：在法庭科學(xué)中常常會涉及到可疑文件。需要對使用的墨水的書寫時間進(jìn)行鑒定。自從1950以來,各國的法庭科學(xué)工作者經(jīng)過不懈的探索,逐步建立了一些方法應(yīng)用于辦案,有的鑒定結(jié)論已被一些國家的司法部門所接受。但是,由于油墨組成成分的復(fù)雜性和其測定的干擾性,可疑文件與墨水書寫時間的鑒定仍然是當(dāng)前法庭科學(xué)的難題之一。因此色譜法對筆中油墨種類鑒別的研究有其重要的意義,本論文分四部分進(jìn)行研究。 第一章介紹了筆的發(fā)展歷史及油墨的主要成分、進(jìn)行墨水鑒定的理論依據(jù),綜述了近年來國內(nèi)外可疑文件與墨水書寫時間鑒定的發(fā)展與應(yīng)用,包括化學(xué)鑒定法、溶劑提取鑒定法、色譜法、光譜法等。 第二章系統(tǒng)研究了液相色譜鑒別藍(lán)色和黑色圓珠筆,選擇了適當(dāng)?shù)奶崛┖土鲃酉鄺l件,研究了重現(xiàn)性、檢出限和紙張的影響,并對收集的國內(nèi)外不同廠家或同一廠家不同品牌的65種藍(lán)色圓珠筆和32種黑色圓珠筆油墨進(jìn)行了分類,根據(jù)主要成分的色譜峰的保留時間、液相色譜—質(zhì)譜中的質(zhì)荷比、二維圖、三維圖等信息將藍(lán)色圓珠筆分為十類,黑色圓珠筆分為六類。 第三章研究了毛細(xì)管電泳法分離和區(qū)分水溶性鋼筆墨水及黑色簽字筆,考察了BGE、酸度、有機(jī)添加劑、提取劑等的影響,選擇了最佳分離條件,分析了21種不同品牌的水溶性鋼筆墨水和95不同品牌的簽字筆。 第四章研究了通過染料成分的變化確定字跡形成相對時間,將純?nèi)玖献舟E和圓珠筆油墨字跡放在強(qiáng)光照射、紅外光照、紫外光照、加熱和室內(nèi)自然光等條件下,然后再從紙上提取用HPLC分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)光的照射下染料和墨水的成分變化很大,根據(jù)老化后染料成分及含量的變化推測了反應(yīng)機(jī)理。
[Abstract]:Suspicious documents are often involved in forensic science.The writing time of the ink used needs to be evaluated.Since 1950, after unremitting exploration, court scientists in various countries have gradually established some methods to deal with cases, some of which have been accepted by the judicial departments of some countries.However, due to the complexity of the composition of ink and the interference of its determination, the identification of the writing time of suspicious documents and ink is still one of the most difficult problems in forensic science.Therefore, it is of great significance to study the classification of ink in pen by chromatography. This paper is divided into four parts.The first chapter introduces the development history of pen and the main components of ink, the theoretical basis for ink identification, and summarizes the development and application of the identification of suspicious documents and ink writing time at home and abroad in recent years, including chemical identification.Solvent extraction and identification, chromatography, spectral method, etc.In the second chapter, we systematically studied the identification of blue and black ballpoint pens by liquid chromatography, selected the proper extraction agent and mobile phase conditions, studied the effects of reproducibility, detection limit and paper.65 kinds of blue ballpoint pens and 32 kinds of black ballpoint pen inks collected from different manufacturers at home and abroad or different brands of the same manufacturer were classified. According to the retention time of the chromatographic peak of the main components, the mass charge ratio in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,Blue ballpoint pen is divided into ten types and black ballpoint pen is divided into six categories.In chapter 3, the separation and separation of water-soluble pen ink and black pen by capillary electrophoresis were studied. The effects of BGE, acidity, organic additive, extractant and so on were investigated, and the optimum separation conditions were selected.The water-soluble pen ink of 21 different brands and the signature pen of 95 different brands were analyzed.In chapter 4, the relative time of writing formation is determined by the change of dye composition. The pure dye handwriting and ballpoint pen ink are placed under the conditions of strong light, infrared light, ultraviolet light, heating and indoor natural light.Then the paper was extracted by HPLC analysis and found that the composition of dye and ink changed greatly under the irradiation of light. The reaction mechanism was inferred according to the changes of the composition and content of dyes after aging.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：D918.92

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 曹艷萍;王照;韓瑞芳;;傅里葉變換紅外光譜技術(shù)鑒別黑色筆墨種類[J];榆林學(xué)院學(xué)報;2013年02期

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本文編號：1731702