本文選題：刑訊逼供　切入點：歷史沿革　出處：《對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學》2005年碩士論文

【摘要】：刑訊逼供作為我國現(xiàn)行司法體制中的一個痼疾,不僅侵犯犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的人身權利和民主權利,而且容易制造冤案、假案、錯案,嚴重地損害了現(xiàn)代刑事訴訟的程序價值,背離了我國依法治國的方針�，F(xiàn)代的司法實踐中刑訊逼供長期屢禁不絕,與其遠古時就被確立為合法的審訊制度而延續(xù)數(shù)千年的歷史密切相關。刑訊自西周開始就被確立為合法的審訊制度,經(jīng)秦漢兩朝的發(fā)展到唐朝逐漸成熟,后被歷代傳承,直至清末時因受到西方資本主義保障人權的訴訟觀念的沖擊才得以廢除,但它的負面影響卻一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)代的司法活動。 通過對刑訊制度三千年來發(fā)展軌跡的研究,我們認為導致古代司法活動中刑訊泛濫的主要原因有以下三個方面:一是傳統(tǒng)司法理念忽視訴訟當事人的合法權利;二是古代司法活動遵循的是“有罪推定”的原則和“罪從供定”的證據(jù)規(guī)則;三是司法權力過于集中、司法監(jiān)督力度的薄弱。由此可見,若想在現(xiàn)代刑事訴訟中杜絕刑訊逼供的發(fā)生,就必須從根本上消除上述因素的負面影響,在司法實踐中注意以下問題:一是糾正傳統(tǒng)司法訴訟觀念,樹立保障人權的訴訟理念;二是在立法中確立“無罪推定”原則和“禁刑訊”的證據(jù)規(guī)則;三是加強對司法活動的監(jiān)督力度,加強對偵查活動的法律約束。
[Abstract]:As a chronic disease in the current judicial system of our country, extorting confessions by torture not only infringes on the personal rights and democratic rights of criminal suspects and defendants, but also easily creates unjust, false and wrong cases.It seriously damages the procedural value of modern criminal procedure and deviates from the rule of law in our country.In modern judicial practice, extorting confessions by torture has long been forbidden, which is closely related to the history of thousands of years since it was established as a legal interrogation system in ancient times.Torture was established as a legal interrogation system since the Western Zhou Dynasty. After the development of the Qin and Han dynasties to the Tang Dynasty, it was gradually mature and passed on by successive dynasties, until the end of the Qing Dynasty, due to the impact of western capitalism to protect human rights, it was abolished.However, its negative impact has been extended to modern judicial activities.Through the study of the development of the criminal inquiry system in the past three thousand years, we believe that the main reasons leading to the spread of torture in the ancient judicial activities are as follows: first, the traditional judicial concept ignores the legal rights of the litigants;The other is that the ancient judicial activities followed the principle of "presumption of guilt" and the rule of evidence of "according to the crime", and the third one was that the judicial power was too centralized and the judicial supervision was weak.It can be seen that if we want to put an end to the occurrence of extorting confessions by torture in modern criminal proceedings, we must fundamentally eliminate the negative effects of the above-mentioned factors and pay attention to the following problems in judicial practice: first, to correct the traditional concept of judicial proceedings,The second is to establish the principle of "presumption of innocence" and the rule of evidence of "prohibition of torture" in legislation, and the third is to strengthen the supervision of judicial activities and strengthen the legal constraints on investigation activities.
【學位授予單位】：對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：D917;D925.2

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相關期刊論文 前4條

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本文編號：1705302