本文選題：刑訊逼供　切入點：行為　出處：《中國政法大學》2006年碩士論文

【摘要】：刑訊逼供是一種野蠻、落后、殘酷的訊問手段,被我國法律明文禁止。但過去與現(xiàn)實的司法實踐一再表明:刑訊逼供屢禁不止、屢治不絕,已經(jīng)成為刑事司法活動中亟待解決的一大頑癥。本文立足于實施刑訊逼供的個體,從分析刑訊逼供行為入手,探求行為背后的心理以及形成這種心理的主客觀原因,并提出了相應的防治對策和建議。 全文由五章組成。第一章是對刑訊逼供行為的概述。刑訊逼供是指在刑事訴訟過程中追訴者對被追訴者進行訊問時采取肉刑、變相肉刑或精神折磨等方法逼取其供認犯罪的行為。刑訊逼供作為一種社會現(xiàn)象,是在一定歷史條件下產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展變化的,其本身有著深刻的歷史根源。目前,我國的刑訊逼供現(xiàn)象仍然屢禁不止,時有發(fā)生,其特點主要表現(xiàn)為方式繁多,手段殘忍;性質(zhì)惡劣,后果嚴重;行為的對象已不分性別年齡;造成的冤假錯案難以得到糾正;行為的暴露具有較大的偶然性等。刑訊逼供不僅侵犯了少數(shù)人的權(quán)利,而且還嚴重干擾和破壞了國家刑事訴訟的整個過程,損害了國家法制建設(shè)和法治社會的根基。 第二章重點分析了刑訊逼供的心理及其表現(xiàn)形式。認為,刑訊逼供的心理是指影響和支配行為人實施刑訊逼供行為的各種心理因素的總稱。刑訊逼供行為是刑訊逼供心理調(diào)節(jié)支配主體實施刑訊逼供行為的必然結(jié)果。個體是否實施刑訊行為,并不單純?nèi)Q于客觀因素,還與其主體因素密切相關(guān)。刑訊逼供心理的表現(xiàn)形式主要包括特權(quán)心理、急功近利心理、僥幸心理、從眾同流心理和成癮心理等。個體實施刑訊逼供行為往往同時存在多種心理狀態(tài)。 第三章論述了影響刑訊逼供心理形成的主體外因素。歷史原因,主要指傳統(tǒng)司法觀念及封建殘余思想的影響,這是促使刑訊逼供心理產(chǎn)生的最深層次的原因�，F(xiàn)行法律制度中存在缺陷,其中最為突出的是“如實回答”義務的規(guī)定和證據(jù)制度的不完整。職業(yè)因素,一是社會對警察職業(yè)存在特殊期許,這種特殊期許很容易被警察自我肯定并保留下來,潛移默化為一種習慣或帶有傾向性的行為方式。二是特殊職業(yè)造成的壓力。職業(yè)的特殊性加之現(xiàn)有工作環(huán)境中一些客觀因素的影響,給警察造成了巨大的心理壓力,容易使他們產(chǎn)生不良心理,甚至出現(xiàn)侵犯或攻擊他人等錯誤行為。給警察造成壓力的客觀因素主要包括警力不足,警員分布不合理;經(jīng)費不足,技術(shù)裝備落后;考核指標體系不科學,激勵導向有偏差;警察素質(zhì)良莠不齊等。三是相關(guān)人員和部門的包庇縱容。這使一些刑訊逼供人員的畏懼心理得到消融,僥幸心理得到強化。四是情境因素。刑訊動機的最終形成
[Abstract]:Extorting confessions by torture is a kind of brutal, backward and cruel means of interrogation, which is explicitly prohibited by the law of our country. It has become an intractable disease to be solved urgently in the criminal judicial activities. This article bases on the individual who carries out the torture to extract a confession, starting with the analysis of the behavior of extorting a confession by torture, and explores the psychology behind the behavior and the subjective and objective reasons for the formation of this kind of psychology. The corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were put forward. The first chapter is an overview of the behavior of extorting confessions by torture. Extorting confessions by torture refers to the use of corporal punishment when the prosecution interrogates the accused in the course of criminal proceedings. As a social phenomenon, extortion of confessions by torture, as a social phenomenon, was produced and developed under certain historical conditions, and it itself has profound historical roots. The phenomenon of extorting confessions by torture in our country is still forbidden, which occurs from time to time. Its characteristics are various ways, cruel means, bad nature, serious consequences, regardless of sex and age, and the wrongs and wrongs caused are difficult to be corrected. Extorting confessions by torture not only infringes on the rights of a few people, but also seriously interferes with and destroys the whole process of national criminal proceedings, and damages the foundation of the construction of the national legal system and the rule of law society. The second chapter mainly analyzes the psychology and manifestation of extorting confessions by torture. The psychology of extorting confessions by torture refers to the general name of various psychological factors that affect and dominate the behavior of the perpetrator in the act of extorting confessions by torture. The behavior of extorting confessions by torture is the inevitable result of the psychological regulation of the subject of extorting confessions by torture and dominating the subject of the act of extorting confessions by torture. Whether the body carries out acts of torture, It is not only determined by objective factors, but also closely related to its main factors. The behavior of extorting confessions by torture often has a variety of psychological states at the same time. The third chapter discusses the external factors which affect the psychological formation of extorting confessions by torture. The historical reasons mainly refer to the influence of traditional judicial concepts and feudal residual thoughts. This is the deepest reason for the psychology of extorting confessions by torture. There are some defects in the current legal system, the most prominent of which are the provisions of the "truthful answer" obligation and the imperfections of the evidentiary system. One is that society has a special expectation for the profession of the police, which is very easy for the police to affirm themselves and retain them. The second is the pressure caused by special occupation. The particularity of the occupation and the influence of some objective factors in the existing working environment have caused enormous psychological pressure to the police. It is easy to make them produce bad psychology, even some wrong behavior such as infringing or attacking others. The objective factors that cause pressure to the police include insufficient police force, unreasonable distribution of police officers, insufficient funds, backward technical equipment, and so on. The examination index system is not scientific, the incentive guidance is biased, the police quality is mixed, and so on. Third, the protection and connivance of the relevant personnel and departments. This causes some people who extort confessions by torture to melt their fear. The fourth is the situation factor. The final formation of the motive of torture
【學位授予單位】：中國政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：D917

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