本文選題：攻擊性　切入點(diǎn)：少年暴力　出處：《中國政法大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 對(duì)于攻擊,可以從生物學(xué)心理學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)兩個(gè)角度進(jìn)行解釋。生物學(xué)心理學(xué)的解釋有本能說、基因說、染色體說、雄性激素說、低血糖說以及挫折-攻擊理論,而攻擊的社會(huì)學(xué)最重要的是社會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)理論。攻擊的生物學(xué)心理學(xué)以及社會(huì)學(xué)解釋,結(jié)合少年個(gè)體的生理、心理以及行為動(dòng)機(jī)的特點(diǎn),為少年暴力提供了有力解釋。少年暴力類型多樣,根據(jù)不同的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可以作出不同的劃分,根據(jù)行為方式的差異,劃分為殺人行為、性侵害行為和傷害行為,而根據(jù)動(dòng)機(jī)的差異,可劃分為游戲型、報(bào)復(fù)型、偏見型、工具型、利益型、假想攻擊自衛(wèi)型以及激情施暴型。幫伙暴力是一種群體暴力,是暴力幫伙的主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)國外有關(guān)暴力幫伙的理論,諸如不同機(jī)會(huì)理論、歐文·斯佩格爾的沖突亞文化群理論以及劉易斯·雅布隆斯基的暴力幫伙理論,暴力幫伙是一個(gè)崇尚暴力的群體,訴諸于暴力解決問題是它的主要特點(diǎn)。在這個(gè)幫伙中,其主要成員奉行暴力,長期形成一個(gè)崇尚暴力的文化環(huán)境,因而對(duì)本來不喜歡暴力的個(gè)體產(chǎn)生壓力,那些不采取暴力解決紛爭(zhēng)的成員,會(huì)自然地受到恥笑甚至遭到排擠乃致受到攻擊。暴力幫伙成員所遵循的主要價(jià)值觀念,是一種暴力亞文化,是一種崇尚暴力并將暴力行為合理化的區(qū)別于社會(huì)主流文化的文化。根據(jù)沃爾夫?qū)谋┝單幕碚?暴力亞文化是在群體中實(shí)現(xiàn)的。暴力亞文化的形成有諸多方面的因素,有少年個(gè)體本身的因素,還有社會(huì)環(huán)境的因素。這種將暴力作為解決問題的主要手段的價(jià)值觀念,會(huì)對(duì)非暴力的少年個(gè)體產(chǎn)生一種環(huán)境壓力。在暴力亞文化群中,那些非暴力的個(gè)體和行為會(huì)受到諸如驅(qū)逐甚至是受到攻擊等制裁,這種壓力迫使非暴力的行為者去實(shí)施暴力。暴力亞文化對(duì)少年個(gè)體具有更大的影響和誘導(dǎo)性,少年個(gè)體本身對(duì)于暴力的向往和沖動(dòng),使得他們非常容易接受這種核心的暴力亞文化精神,對(duì)于暴力文化價(jià)值觀念的接受和認(rèn)同,使得暴力觀念整合成為其思維和行為方式的一部分,因而最終會(huì)主動(dòng)地施暴并從中得到快樂和心理滿足。
[Abstract]:For aggression, it can be explained in terms of biological psychology and sociology. Biological psychology is explained by instinct theory, gene theory, chromosome theory, androgen theory, hypoglycemia theory, and set-attack theory. The sociology of attack is the most important theory of social learning. The biological psychology and sociological explanation of aggression are combined with the characteristics of individual physiology, psychology and behavioral motivation. It provides a powerful explanation for juvenile violence. There are various types of juvenile violence, which can be divided into different categories according to different criteria, including homicide, sexual abuse and injury, according to the differences in behavior, and according to the differences in motivation, It can be divided into game type, revenge type, prejudice type, tool type, benefit type, hypothetical attack self-defense type and passion violence type. Gang violence is a kind of group violence, which is the main content of violent gang. Such as the theory of different opportunities, Irwin Speeger's theory of conflict subcultures, and Leos Jablonski's theory of violent gang, which is a violent group. Its main characteristic is to resort to violence to solve problems. In this gang, its main members are committed to violence and a culture of violence has been formed for a long time, thus exerting pressure on individuals who originally did not like violence. Those who do not resort to violent resolution of disputes will naturally be ridiculed or even excluded from attack. The main values followed by the violent gang members are a subculture of violence, Is a culture that advocates violence and rationalizes violence from the mainstream culture of society. According to Wolfgang's theory of violent subculture, violent subculture is realized in groups. There are many factors in the formation of violent subculture. The value of violence as a primary means of solving problems creates an environmental pressure on non-violent juvenile individuals. In violent subcultures, Those who are not violent individuals and acts are subject to sanctions such as expulsion or even attacks, a pressure that forces non-violent actors to commit violence. The subculture of violence has a greater impact and inducement on individual adolescents, Because of their yearning for and impulse to violence, it is very easy for them to accept the subcultural spirit of violence and to accept and identify with the cultural values of violence. The idea of violence is integrated into a part of their thinking and behavior, so that they eventually take the initiative to violence and get pleasure and psychological satisfaction from it.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：C913.5

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本文編號(hào)：1579812