本文關(guān)鍵詞： 社區(qū)矯正 實例剖析 存在問題 完善建議　出處：《黑龍江大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：社區(qū)矯正是將符合特定條件的罪犯放置于社區(qū)，由社區(qū)矯正機關(guān)在社會團體、民間組織以及志愿者的協(xié)助下，在法定的期限內(nèi)，矯正其犯罪心理和行為惡習，促使其順利回歸社會的非監(jiān)禁刑罰執(zhí)行活動。社區(qū)矯正在我國是泊來品，經(jīng)過近十年的試行，仍有許多不盡人意的地方，本文采用調(diào)查研究、實例分析的方法，分析我國目前社區(qū)矯正制度存在的問題，探尋解決問題的辦法。 本文分三部分。 第一部分，分析社區(qū)矯正的由來、定義、性質(zhì)及價值，介紹我國社區(qū)矯正的發(fā)展概況及立法進程。社區(qū)矯正制度作為一種非監(jiān)禁刑罰執(zhí)行制度，在中國自2003年開始在部分省市試點適用，到逐步推廣，到09年的全面鋪開。直至2011年的《刑法修正案八》、2012年《刑事訴訟法修正案》的出臺，我國社區(qū)矯正才正式寫入國家基本法律，開始有了初步的法律依據(jù)，這之前各試點地區(qū)，依據(jù)的多是司法部、最高人民法院、最高人民檢察院、公安部的規(guī)章及地方政府文件，來執(zhí)行社區(qū)矯正。 第二部分，以黑龍江省農(nóng)墾建三江分局社區(qū)矯正為典型實例，闡述社區(qū)矯正制度實施的現(xiàn)狀，總結(jié)、剖析社區(qū)矯正制度在實施中存在如下問題：第一法律依據(jù)明顯不足，讓司法行政工作者執(zhí)行起來仍感步履維艱；第二刑罰理念陳舊，束縛著決定機關(guān)，即人民法院在量刑適用社區(qū)矯正制度時有所顧慮，怕出問題，怕人懷疑有不良動機，也擔心重新犯罪的發(fā)生，給自已工作造成影響，，于是對應(yīng)判處緩刑、應(yīng)適用監(jiān)外執(zhí)行的犯罪從嚴把握，顯得縮手縮腳，致使社區(qū)矯正制度在我國適用比例并不大，這與外國非監(jiān)禁刑適用比例超過監(jiān)禁刑比例的情況完全相反；第三矯正人員受傳統(tǒng)意識的影響，認為社區(qū)矯正等于是無罪釋放或者刑滿釋放，社區(qū)服刑意識低，不能明確自己的在刑意識，接受矯正時躲躲閃閃，有抵制情緒；第四執(zhí)行程序不嚴，存在執(zhí)法與執(zhí)行的分離、權(quán)與責的不協(xié)調(diào)問題，降低司法權(quán)威，損害社區(qū)矯正效果。 第三部分，通過實例剖析及工作實踐總結(jié)，提出完善社區(qū)矯正制度的對策及建議。一是引進國外先進的矯正立法理論，借鑒國外成功的矯正經(jīng)驗，二是加大我國社區(qū)矯正專項立法的進程，讓社區(qū)矯正制度有明確的法律保障和依據(jù)，三是建立一整套科學有效的矯正制度。最后，筆者相信，隨著人性化法治理論的深入人心，我國社區(qū)矯正制度將有廣闊的發(fā)展空間，并不斷完善，發(fā)揮其應(yīng)有的作用。
[Abstract]:Community correction is the placement of criminals who meet certain conditions in the community. The community correction organs, with the assistance of social organizations, civil society organizations and volunteers, rectify their criminal psychology and behavior within the prescribed period of time. After nearly ten years of trial, there are still many unsatisfactory places. This paper adopts the methods of investigation and research, case analysis, etc. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the current community correction system in China, and explores the solutions to the problems. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part analyzes the origin, definition, nature and value of community correction, and introduces the development and legislative process of community correction in China. Since 2003, it has been applied in some provinces and cities on a pilot basis, and has been popularized step by step. It will be fully rolled out in 2009 until the eighth Amendment to the Criminal Law on 2011 and the promulgation of the Amendment to the Criminal procedure Law on 2012. It was only then that our country's community correction was formally written into the basic laws of the state, which began to have a preliminary legal basis. Prior to this, most of the pilot areas were based on the regulations of the Ministry of Justice, the Supreme people's Court, the Supreme people's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security and local government documents. To implement community correction. The second part, taking the community correction of Heilongjiang Provincial Agricultural Reclamation and Construction Sanjiang Branch as a typical example, expounds the current situation of the implementation of community correction system, summarizes and analyzes the following problems in the implementation of the community correction system: the first legal basis is obviously inadequate. It is still difficult for judicial administrators to carry out the penalty; the second penalty concept is old and constrains the determining organs, that is, the people's courts, when applying the community correction system to sentencing, they have concerns and are afraid of problems, and fear that people will suspect that they have bad motives. They are also worried about the occurrence of new crimes, which will have an impact on their own work, so they should be sentenced to probation. The crimes that should be executed outside the prison should be strictly handled and appear to be stingy, resulting in a small proportion of the community correction system being applied in our country. This is contrary to the fact that the proportion of non-custodial sentences applied in foreign countries exceeds the proportion of prison sentences; the third correctional personnel are influenced by the traditional consciousness that community correction is equal to acquittal or release from prison, and that the sense of community serving a sentence is low. Unable to make clear his consciousness of punishment, evasive and resisting emotion when receiving correction; 4th execution procedure is not strict, there is the separation between law enforcement and execution, disharmony between power and responsibility, reduce judicial authority, damage the effect of community correction. The third part, through the example analysis and the work practice summary, proposed the consummation community correction system countermeasure and the suggestion. First, is to introduce the foreign advanced orthodontic legislation theory, draws lessons from the foreign successful correction experience, The second is to increase the process of special legislation on community correction in our country, so that the community correction system has clear legal guarantee and basis, third is to establish a set of scientific and effective correction system. Finally, the author believes that with the humanization of the rule of law theory deeply rooted in the people, Our country community correction system will have the broad development space, unceasingly consummates, exerts its due function.
【學位授予單位】：黑龍江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D926.8

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