本文關(guān)鍵詞：關(guān)于交通警察行政處罰裁決權(quán)和執(zhí)行權(quán)相分離的探討　出處：《中國社會(huì)科學(xué)院研究生院》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 行政處罰 裁決權(quán) 執(zhí)行權(quán) 交通違法 有限分離

【摘要】：行政處罰作為保證國家各項(xiàng)行政管理措施有效運(yùn)行的一個(gè)重要手段,隨著行政機(jī)關(guān)的權(quán)力觸角不斷深入社會(huì)生活的各個(gè)角落,已經(jīng)成為與普通老百姓日常生活接觸最為廣泛的一種行政行為。 行政處罰是指一個(gè)國家法律法規(guī)規(guī)定的國家行政機(jī)關(guān)或被授權(quán)的組織等行政主體,對于違反行政法律法規(guī)的自然人、法人以及其他社會(huì)組織等行政相對人予以制裁的一種制度和體系,是行政機(jī)關(guān)的一種具體行政行為,是由調(diào)查取證、審核案情、聽取申辯、作出裁決、交付執(zhí)行等環(huán)節(jié)和步驟構(gòu)成的一個(gè)綜合行為和制裁體系。因而,從行政處罰行為運(yùn)行的整個(gè)過程來看,現(xiàn)代法治社會(huì)的行政處罰在性質(zhì)上已經(jīng)具有了一定的準(zhǔn)司法形式,行政處罰裁決權(quán)與執(zhí)行權(quán)的分離從理論和實(shí)踐上具有了一定的可行性。 道路交通違法行為作為實(shí)際生活中最為常見的一種違法行為,根據(jù)《中華人民共和國道路交通安全法》的規(guī)定,統(tǒng)一由公安機(jī)關(guān)交通管理部門負(fù)責(zé)實(shí)施監(jiān)督、管理和處罰。道路交通安全涉及群體廣泛,每一個(gè)人都是交通參與者,由于現(xiàn)實(shí)中的種種原因,道路交通違法行為比較突出,導(dǎo)致道路交通違法行為在所有行政機(jī)關(guān)的行政處罰數(shù)量上占了相當(dāng)大的比例,且根據(jù)《中華人民共和國道路交通安全法》的有關(guān)規(guī)定,道路交通違法行為的處罰種類主要表現(xiàn)為罰款。因而,社會(huì)各界對公安機(jī)關(guān)交通管理部門的行政執(zhí)法行為高度關(guān)注,交通警察的交通執(zhí)法往往成為社會(huì)熱點(diǎn),社會(huì)各界對交通執(zhí)法,特別是罰款收繳后的流向產(chǎn)生很大質(zhì)疑,要求罰繳分離、行政處罰裁決權(quán)和執(zhí)行權(quán)分離的呼聲較高。由于大多數(shù)人并不了解道路交通違法行為與其他行政違法行為的差異,不知道交通執(zhí)法不同于其他行政執(zhí)法行為的特點(diǎn),往往對交通警察的執(zhí)法產(chǎn)生偏見與誤解。針對現(xiàn)實(shí)中的這一現(xiàn)象,本文將從交通警察的交通執(zhí)法,這一日常中最常見的行政執(zhí)法行為入手,從行政處罰裁決權(quán)和執(zhí)行權(quán)的內(nèi)涵、性質(zhì)和關(guān)系,行政處罰裁決權(quán)和執(zhí)行權(quán)分離的法理依據(jù)、與政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變的關(guān)系,行政處罰裁決權(quán)和執(zhí)行權(quán)分離的基本范疇、基本范圍、制度設(shè)計(jì)、分離后的權(quán)力運(yùn)行機(jī)制以及分離的限制等方面,結(jié)合我國公安機(jī)關(guān)交通管理部門的道路交通執(zhí)法行為,通過分析道路交通違法行為的行政處罰規(guī)則、行政處罰的實(shí)施,深入闡述當(dāng)前國情下,道路交通違法行為實(shí)行行政處罰裁決權(quán)和執(zhí)行權(quán)有限分離的必然性和可行性。從而力圖從理論與實(shí)踐的角度,對我國行政處罰制度的完善和改革路徑提供一定的借鑒意義和參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Administrative punishment as an important means to ensure the effective operation of various administrative measures of the country, along with the power of the administrative organs continue to penetrate into the various corners of social life. Has become the most extensive contact with ordinary people's daily life of an administrative act. Administrative punishment refers to the administrative subject of a state administrative organ or authorized organization which is stipulated by a national law and regulation, for a natural person who violates administrative laws and regulations. A system and system of sanctions imposed by legal persons and other administrative counterparts such as social organizations is a specific administrative act of an administrative organ. It is a system of investigation and evidence collection, examination of the case, hearing of a plea, and making a ruling. Delivery of the implementation of such links and steps constitute a comprehensive behavior and sanctions system. Therefore, from the operation of the whole process of administrative punishment. The nature of administrative punishment in modern society ruled by law has a certain quasi-judicial form, and the separation of administrative punishment power and executive power has certain feasibility in theory and practice. As one of the most common illegal acts in real life, road traffic violations are under the supervision of the traffic management department of the public security organs according to the regulations of the Road Traffic Safety Law of the people's Republic of China. Management and punishment. Road traffic safety involves a wide range of groups, everyone is a traffic participant, because of the reality of a variety of reasons, road traffic violations are more prominent. As a result, illegal road traffic acts account for a large proportion of the administrative penalties imposed by all administrative organs, and in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Road Traffic Safety Law of the people's Republic of China. The types of punishment for road traffic violations are mainly shown as fines. As a result, people from all walks of life pay close attention to the administrative law enforcement actions of traffic management departments of public security organs, and traffic law enforcement by traffic police often becomes a social hot spot. All walks of life have great doubts about the traffic law enforcement, especially the flow of fines after collection, and demand the separation of fines. Because most people do not understand the road traffic illegal behavior and other administrative illegal behavior difference. Do not know that traffic law enforcement is different from other administrative law enforcement behavior characteristics, often to the traffic police law enforcement bias and misunderstanding. In view of this phenomenon in reality, this article will be from the traffic police traffic law enforcement. The most common administrative law enforcement action in the daily starting from the administrative punishment adjudication power and executive power connotation nature and relationship the separation of administrative punishment adjudication power and executive power of the legal basis and the relationship between the transformation of government functions. The basic category, the basic scope, the system design, the power operation mechanism after separation and the restriction of separation of administrative punishment power and executive power. Combined with the road traffic law enforcement behavior of the traffic management department of the public security organ of our country, through the analysis of the administrative punishment rules of the road traffic illegal behavior and the implementation of the administrative punishment, this paper expounds the current situation in depth. The inevitability and feasibility of the limited separation of administrative punishment and executive power for the illegal acts of road traffic try hard from the angle of theory and practice. It provides some reference meaning and reference value for perfecting and reforming the administrative punishment system in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國社會(huì)科學(xué)院研究生院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D922.14;D631.5

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本文編號(hào)：1430514