本文關(guān)鍵詞：近年來我國勞動者群體性維權(quán)事件的典型案例研究　出處：《東北財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 勞資關(guān)系 勞動者群體性維權(quán)事件 罷工 新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)

【摘要】：2010年以來,中國勞資關(guān)系進(jìn)入了勞資沖突高發(fā)期和深層次矛盾凸顯期的轉(zhuǎn)型階段,正是從這一年開始,勞動者更為頻繁的進(jìn)行集體性維權(quán)行動,全國各地幾乎每天都重復(fù)上演著驚心動魄的此類事件,某些企業(yè)中的勞動者甚至用生命演繹著勞資矛盾的激化。 勞動者群體性維權(quán)事件的發(fā)生不僅影響著微觀層面的勞動者和企業(yè),還影響著中觀層面的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),乃至影響著宏觀層次的整個社會：勞動者的直接利益遭受嚴(yán)重的損失；企業(yè)的健康發(fā)展和社會形象受到威脅；產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的升級和轉(zhuǎn)移受到考驗；整個經(jīng)濟(jì)社會的和諧與發(fā)展受到阻礙。因此,對勞動者群體性維權(quán)事件的研究無疑具有時代和現(xiàn)實的緊迫性,對實現(xiàn)勞動者體面勞動、維護(hù)企業(yè)的社會形象和健康發(fā)展、促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)的順利升級和轉(zhuǎn)移、構(gòu)建和諧社會以及推動中國經(jīng)濟(jì)長期穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。 面對在短短數(shù)十年間積聚的如此復(fù)雜的勞資關(guān)系,加之現(xiàn)階段我國缺乏有效的勞資矛盾調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制,無論是資方、勞方還是政府部門,目前都不具備充分的適應(yīng)能力。因此本研究對如何化解和預(yù)防勞動者群體性維權(quán)事件的發(fā)生,充實和深化勞資矛盾的調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制,并進(jìn)一步推動學(xué)術(shù)界、政府和企業(yè)的關(guān)注,最終構(gòu)建和諧勞資關(guān)系乃至和諧社會具有重要的理論意義。 隨著此類事件的頻繁爆發(fā),國內(nèi)學(xué)者對勞動者集體性維權(quán)事件研究的熱度也隨之見長,但是大部分學(xué)者都是從定性分析或單案例研究的方法來分析事件發(fā)生的原因、過程和結(jié)果等,很少有學(xué)者通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)方式搜集案例的方式進(jìn)行定量和多案例分析,本文正是通過這種方式收集到430例案例,并通過整理分類,歸納出此類事件的總體狀況、特征以及誘發(fā)原因。并且,在對該類事件的原因分析上,我國尚未有學(xué)者從新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的視角進(jìn)行解釋,本文試圖從這一視角出發(fā),分析現(xiàn)有制度環(huán)境下勞資雙方的行為。 本文共分為六章,具體章節(jié)的內(nèi)容如下： 第一章是緒論。首先分析了我國勞動者維權(quán)事件發(fā)生的背景及研究意義,并界定了與本文密切相關(guān)的兩個概念：勞資關(guān)系和勞動者群體性維權(quán)事件。在研究方法上,本文主要采用文獻(xiàn)研究法、案例研究法以及比較分析法。 第二章為國內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)評述。國外在此問題上的研究起步較早,目前已經(jīng)形成較為系統(tǒng)的理論,例如馬克斯的工業(yè)資本主義理論、韋伯夫婦的產(chǎn)業(yè)民主理論以及康芒斯的集體行動理論等。對各行各業(yè)的罷工問題進(jìn)行實證研究是國外近幾年的主要研究趨勢,此外還有部分國外學(xué)者對我國目前的罷工問題進(jìn)行研究。國內(nèi)的研究起步較晚,研究大都雜且不精,目前仍處于探索階段,尚缺乏全面系統(tǒng)的研究,在實證研究領(lǐng)域幾乎為零。 第三章為勞動者群體性維權(quán)事件的總體狀況分析。本文的數(shù)據(jù)來源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)和報紙,在有限的資源范圍內(nèi)共搜集到2011至2012年所發(fā)生的430例勞動者群體性維權(quán)事件。通過對430例事件的整理,依次把這些事件按照用人單位的產(chǎn)權(quán)性質(zhì)、所處的行業(yè)、維權(quán)形式、地域分布以及參與人數(shù)進(jìn)行分類分析,并總結(jié)出這類事件的幾點重要特征。 第四章為誘因分析。首先通過整理歸類把誘發(fā)勞動者群體性維權(quán)事件的原因(簡稱誘因)分為9類。然后再重點對這9類中的前兩大誘因進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的描述,其中工資及福利是首要誘因,對其又具體細(xì)分為12小類；作為第二大誘因的經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)償又具體細(xì)分為7小類。最后,在此劃分的基礎(chǔ)上,又詳細(xì)分析了主要三個不同產(chǎn)權(quán)性質(zhì)企業(yè)(私營企業(yè)、外資企業(yè)和國有企業(yè))的誘發(fā)原因以及四個主要行業(yè)(制造業(yè)、教育業(yè)、水利業(yè)以及交通運(yùn)輸、倉儲和郵政業(yè))的誘發(fā)原因。 第五章是本文的核心,即從新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的視角分析勞動者群體性維權(quán)事件發(fā)生的原因。首先分析了該事件發(fā)生的制度背景,并提出宏觀制度背景下的勞資力量對比圖。本文的重點是利用新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的相關(guān)理論解釋為何勞動者不采取常規(guī)性的維權(quán)渠道而是采取對抗性的方式維權(quán),以及為何資方違法行為屢屢出現(xiàn)、屢屢不止?通過分析得出在現(xiàn)有制度環(huán)境下違法的預(yù)期收益大于成本以及尋租和設(shè)租空間的高收益性致使具有機(jī)會主義傾向的資方選擇侵害勞動者的合法利益；體制外訴求的比較成本較小是勞動者采取集體行動的理性選擇。最后一節(jié)分析導(dǎo)致上述非常規(guī)情況出現(xiàn)的勞資關(guān)系制度性因素。 第六章為對策建議。本章結(jié)合第五章的內(nèi)容,從勞資政三方分別提出預(yù)防勞動者群體性維權(quán)事件的對策建議。
[Abstract]:Since 2010 , China ' s labor - capital relationship has entered the transition stage of the high - wage period and the deep - level conflict of labor - capital conflict . It is from the beginning of the year that workers are more frequently engaged in collective action , and such events are repeated almost every day throughout the country , and workers in some enterprises even use life to deduce the conflict of labor . There is no doubt that the occurrence of the mass rights of workers affects not only the workers and enterprises at the micro level but also the industrial structure at the level of meso - view and even the whole society at the macro - level : the direct interest of the workers is threatened ; the promotion and transfer of the industrial structure is hindered . Therefore , the study of the social image and the healthy development of the industrial structure , the promotion of the smooth upgrading and transfer of the industry , the construction of a harmonious society and the promotion of the long - term stability of the Chinese economy have important practical significance . In the face of such complex labor relations accumulated in the short decades , there is a lack of effective labor - capital contradiction adjustment mechanism in our country at this stage , whether the capital , the employer or the government department are not fully adaptable . Therefore , the present study is of great theoretical significance to how to dissolve and prevent the occurrence , enrichment and deepening of the labor - capital contradiction , and further promote the attention of the academic community , the government and the enterprise , and finally construct the harmonious labor relations and the harmonious society . With the frequent outbreak of such incidents , the enthusiasm of domestic scholars in the study of collective rights of workers has been long , but most scholars have analyzed the causes , processes and results of the incident from qualitative analysis or single case study . This article is divided into six chapters , the contents of which are as follows : The first chapter is the introduction . Firstly , the background and significance of the occurrence of the rights of workers in China are analyzed , and the two concepts closely related to this article are defined : the relationship between the labor and the workers ' group . The research method is mainly used in the literature research method , case study method and comparative analysis method . The second chapter is a review of the domestic and foreign literature . The research on this problem is very early . It has already formed a more systematic theory , such as Max ' s theory of industrial capitalism , Weber ' s industrial democracy theory and the theory of collective action of Conformans . In addition , some foreign scholars have studied the current strike in China . The third chapter analyses the general situation of workers ' group - based rights . The data is derived from the network and the newspaper . In the limited resources , 430 workers are collected from 2011 to 2012 . Through the arrangement of 430 events , these events are classified and analyzed according to the nature of the property rights of the employing units , the industry , the rights form , the geographical distribution and the number of participants , and the important characteristics of such events are summarized . In the fourth chapter , the reasons for inducing workers ' group rights are divided into nine categories firstly through sorting and classifying . Then , the first two main causes are described in detail , in which wages and benefits are the primary causes and are subdivided into 12 small categories . Finally , on the basis of this division , the causes of the main three different property rights enterprises ( private enterprises , foreign - funded enterprises and state - owned enterprises ) and the causes of the four main industries ( manufacturing , education , water conservancy and transportation , storage and postal services ) are analyzed in detail . The fifth chapter is the core of this paper , that is to analyze the causes of workers ' group - based rights violations from the perspective of the new institutional economics . Firstly , the paper analyzes the system background of the incident , and puts forward the comparison chart of labor force under the background of macro - system . In chapter 6 , the author puts forward some suggestions for the prevention of the mass rights of workers from the three sides of labor and management , according to the contents of chapter V .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D631.43

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