湖南省安化縣農(nóng)村人民公社化運動研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-12 16:34
【摘要】：1958年8月,伴隨著社會主義建設(shè)總路線的提出和“大躍進”運動如火如荼的進行,全國農(nóng)村人民公社化運動也迅速地開展起來。作為一場覆蓋極其廣泛的社會政治運動,它是黨和國家在特定歷史條件下對社會主義建設(shè)道路的一次探索,引發(fā)了中國農(nóng)村社會的巨大變革,影響極其深遠。在全國一片“人民公社好”的呼聲中,湖南省安化縣農(nóng)村人民公社化運動也轟轟烈烈地發(fā)動起來。本文以安化縣農(nóng)村人民公社化運動為研究對象,運用原始檔案資料,力求較為全面地展示安化縣農(nóng)村人民公社化運動的起因、過程、實現(xiàn)及影響,以求從中得出一定啟示。本文第一章研究安化縣農(nóng)村人民公社化運動的興起。通過對運動的時代背景和社會基礎(chǔ)的考查,發(fā)現(xiàn)與河南等地農(nóng)民自發(fā)并社不同,作為山區(qū)的安化縣,因為居住的分散,習俗、口音等因素的不同,這里的集體化意愿不如平原地區(qū)強烈,所以這里的農(nóng)村人民公社運動是縣委順應(yīng)國家大環(huán)境,通過政策引導(dǎo)發(fā)起的。縣委先是對如何辦公社進行了規(guī)劃,然后在一個鄉(xiāng)進行試點,搭公社架子,進行廣泛宣傳發(fā)動,辦起第一個公社,再通過這個公社的示范作用,讓公社化運動在全縣鋪開,25個人民公社幾乎轉(zhuǎn)瞬之間就搭建起來。第二章對農(nóng)村人民公社在安化縣初步建立以后的各項制度和在這些制度下開展的各項生產(chǎn)運動進行研究。先是闡述了安化縣的農(nóng)村人民公社采用的組織架構(gòu),生產(chǎn)資料的所有制,以及經(jīng)營管理、分配、生活與福利制度。接著考察在當時這種公社直達社員的緊密架構(gòu)中,大煉鋼鐵、大辦水利建設(shè)、大辦農(nóng)業(yè)等大兵團式的生產(chǎn)建設(shè)運動是如何進行的。第三章則對安化縣在農(nóng)村人民公社化運動之后出現(xiàn)的問題以及如何按照中央、省委的指示進行調(diào)整進行介紹,對“五風”在安化縣農(nóng)村人民公社化運動期間如何肆虐做了詳細的呈現(xiàn),并分析了出現(xiàn)這些問題的原因。第四章論述農(nóng)村人民公社化運動給安化人民在生活、生產(chǎn)上帶來的影響,以及運動對當今經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的啟示。回顧安化縣農(nóng)村人民公社化運動,我們應(yīng)作客觀公正的評價。在充分肯定廣大人民群眾敢闖敢干,滿懷豪情壯志搞建設(shè)的基礎(chǔ)上,也不能忽視因為運動中的錯誤與偏差對人民正常生產(chǎn)生活所造成的嚴重后果。歷史的經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)值得我們認真總結(jié),只有科學地分析現(xiàn)有國情,認清當前所處的經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展階段,堅持一切從實際出發(fā),實事求是,科學發(fā)展,才能避免悲劇的重演。
[Abstract]:In August 1958, with the proposal of the general line of socialist construction and the "Great Leap forward" movement in full swing, the national people's communization movement in rural areas began to develop rapidly. As a social and political movement covering a wide range of areas, it is an exploration of the socialist construction road by the Party and the state under specific historical conditions, which has led to great changes in China's rural society and far-reaching influence. In the national "people's commune good" voice, Hunan Anhua County rural people's commune movement also launched vigorously. This article takes the rural people's communization movement of Anhua County as the research object, uses the original file data, strives to show the cause, the process, the realization and the influence of the rural people's communization movement in Anhua County more comprehensively, in order to get some enlightenment from it. The first chapter of this paper studies the rise of the rural people's communization movement in Anhua County. Through the examination of the era background and social foundation of the movement, it is found that the farmers in Henan and other places are different from the farmers in Henan and other places. As Anhua County in mountainous areas, because of the dispersion of residence, customs, accents and other factors, The will of collectivization here is not as strong as that of plain area, so the movement of rural people's commune here is initiated by the county committee in accordance with the national environment and guided by policy. The county party committee first planned how to work for an office, then experimented in a township, set up a commune shelf, extensively publicized and launched the first commune, and then, through the exemplary role of this commune, let the commune movement spread out throughout the county. Twenty-five people's communes were built almost instantly. The second chapter studies the system after the establishment of the rural people's commune in Anhua County and the production movement under these systems. First, it expounds the organization structure, ownership of means of production, management, distribution, life and welfare system adopted by the rural people's commune in Anhua County. Then it examines how the mass production and construction movement was carried out in the compact structure of the commune's direct members, such as iron and steel smelting, water conservancy construction, agriculture and other large corps-style production and construction movements. The third chapter introduces the problems in Anhua County after the rural people's communization movement and how to adjust according to the instructions of the Central Committee and the Provincial CPC Committee. This paper makes a detailed presentation of the "five winds" in Anhua County during the rural people's communization movement, and analyzes the reasons for these problems. The fourth chapter discusses the influence of the rural people's communization movement on the life and production of the people in Anhua, and the enlightenment of the movement to the economic and social development today. Reviewing the rural people's communization movement in Anhua County, we should make an objective and fair evaluation. On the basis of fully affirming the broad masses of people daring to do their work and carrying out construction with great ambition, we must not ignore the serious consequences caused by the mistakes and deviations in the movement on the normal production and life of the people. The experience and lessons of history deserve us to sum up seriously. Only by scientifically analyzing the present national conditions, recognizing the current stage of economic and social development, insisting on proceeding from reality, seeking truth from facts and scientific development, can we avoid the recurrence of tragedies.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D232
本文編號：2438962
[Abstract]:In August 1958, with the proposal of the general line of socialist construction and the "Great Leap forward" movement in full swing, the national people's communization movement in rural areas began to develop rapidly. As a social and political movement covering a wide range of areas, it is an exploration of the socialist construction road by the Party and the state under specific historical conditions, which has led to great changes in China's rural society and far-reaching influence. In the national "people's commune good" voice, Hunan Anhua County rural people's commune movement also launched vigorously. This article takes the rural people's communization movement of Anhua County as the research object, uses the original file data, strives to show the cause, the process, the realization and the influence of the rural people's communization movement in Anhua County more comprehensively, in order to get some enlightenment from it. The first chapter of this paper studies the rise of the rural people's communization movement in Anhua County. Through the examination of the era background and social foundation of the movement, it is found that the farmers in Henan and other places are different from the farmers in Henan and other places. As Anhua County in mountainous areas, because of the dispersion of residence, customs, accents and other factors, The will of collectivization here is not as strong as that of plain area, so the movement of rural people's commune here is initiated by the county committee in accordance with the national environment and guided by policy. The county party committee first planned how to work for an office, then experimented in a township, set up a commune shelf, extensively publicized and launched the first commune, and then, through the exemplary role of this commune, let the commune movement spread out throughout the county. Twenty-five people's communes were built almost instantly. The second chapter studies the system after the establishment of the rural people's commune in Anhua County and the production movement under these systems. First, it expounds the organization structure, ownership of means of production, management, distribution, life and welfare system adopted by the rural people's commune in Anhua County. Then it examines how the mass production and construction movement was carried out in the compact structure of the commune's direct members, such as iron and steel smelting, water conservancy construction, agriculture and other large corps-style production and construction movements. The third chapter introduces the problems in Anhua County after the rural people's communization movement and how to adjust according to the instructions of the Central Committee and the Provincial CPC Committee. This paper makes a detailed presentation of the "five winds" in Anhua County during the rural people's communization movement, and analyzes the reasons for these problems. The fourth chapter discusses the influence of the rural people's communization movement on the life and production of the people in Anhua, and the enlightenment of the movement to the economic and social development today. Reviewing the rural people's communization movement in Anhua County, we should make an objective and fair evaluation. On the basis of fully affirming the broad masses of people daring to do their work and carrying out construction with great ambition, we must not ignore the serious consequences caused by the mistakes and deviations in the movement on the normal production and life of the people. The experience and lessons of history deserve us to sum up seriously. Only by scientifically analyzing the present national conditions, recognizing the current stage of economic and social development, insisting on proceeding from reality, seeking truth from facts and scientific development, can we avoid the recurrence of tragedies.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D232
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