建國初期重慶市區(qū)基層政權(quán)建設(shè)研究（1950-1955）
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-14 01:53
【摘要】：隨著解放戰(zhàn)爭形勢的迅猛發(fā)展,國民黨統(tǒng)治下的廣大地區(qū)逐漸被中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的人們軍隊所解放。1949年11月30日,中國人民解放軍第二野戰(zhàn)軍所部第11,12,47軍的五個營進(jìn)入重慶市區(qū),重慶喜獲解放。這是重慶歷史上的重要時刻,是重慶歷史新紀(jì)元的開始。由此,鞏固新生政權(quán),維護(hù)社會秩序,建立強(qiáng)有力的政權(quán)組織形式,成為中國共產(chǎn)黨亟需解決的首要問題。當(dāng)時重慶的基層政權(quán)建設(shè)經(jīng)歷了曲折的的發(fā)展歷程,這其中的經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)對我們今天的政權(quán)建設(shè)和社會主義理論與實踐的創(chuàng)新仍具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義和借鑒價值。為此,本文希望通過在廣泛占有檔案文獻(xiàn)資料的基礎(chǔ)上,對建國初期重慶市區(qū)基層政權(quán)建設(shè)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的梳理和論述,探究新政權(quán)是如何將權(quán)力延伸至城市的基層社會中。文章共分四大部分。第一部分,論述了重慶市區(qū)基層政權(quán)的初步構(gòu)建。文章詳細(xì)闡述了重慶市解放后經(jīng)過50多天高效率的接管工作,在完成新民主主義政權(quán)在重慶的初步建立的基礎(chǔ)上,逐步健全區(qū)政機(jī)構(gòu),加強(qiáng)區(qū)政建設(shè)。第二部分,概況了重慶市區(qū)基層政權(quán)建設(shè)困境的突破。文章指出面對紛繁復(fù)雜的基層社會,中共要管理好社會,必須以自上而下的制度與自下而上的群眾組織相結(jié)合,貫徹中共一向堅持號召的群眾路線,政府意志進(jìn)一步滲透,實現(xiàn)國家政權(quán)對單位人和非單位人的分別掌控治理。第三部分,重點論述了重慶市區(qū)基層政權(quán)建設(shè)的日趨完善。文章運(yùn)用歷史文獻(xiàn)演繹的方法,本著實事求是的原則,依據(jù)現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)資料將重慶市區(qū)基層政權(quán)的演繹過程分為四個階段。重慶市的居民委員會是在段代表小組的基礎(chǔ)上改建而來的,根據(jù)中央指示,街道辦事處不是一級政權(quán)組織,是區(qū)的派出機(jī)關(guān);居民委員會則為基層群眾自治性的居民組織,以福利性事務(wù)為主,下轄居民小組。隨后我國“二級政權(quán),三級管理”的城市管理體制在全國范圍確立,即由市、區(qū)兩級政府及其派出機(jī)構(gòu)街道辦事處和居民委員會構(gòu)成的城市行政管理機(jī)構(gòu),簡稱街居制。但在實際運(yùn)行中,居民委員會工作并沒有按新政權(quán)原先預(yù)設(shè)的一樣,主要任務(wù)是居民福利,相反,更多的是聚焦在政治性、行政性的事務(wù)上,自治功能并未得到實現(xiàn)。雖然居民委員會的定位沒有按預(yù)設(shè)形成實質(zhì)性的自治,但縱觀全局,依然達(dá)到了國家有效掌控社會的目的。第四部分,重慶市區(qū)基層政權(quán)建設(shè)的特點和主要經(jīng)驗。該部分主要闡述了重慶市區(qū)基層政權(quán)在建設(shè)中呈現(xiàn)出了自己的特點,并形成了自己的經(jīng)驗。在建國初期,重慶市依據(jù)中國共產(chǎn)黨治理城市理念,結(jié)合實際情況和各個階段的中心任務(wù),發(fā)動群眾運(yùn)動與調(diào)整城市基層政權(quán)相結(jié)合,最終達(dá)到了掌控基層社會的目的,實現(xiàn)了基層社會高度組織化和基層群眾的意識形態(tài)化。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the war of liberation, the vast areas under the Kuomintang rule were gradually liberated by the people's army under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. Five battalions of the second Field Army Department of the Chinese people's Liberation Army (PLA) entered the city of Chongqing, and Chongqing was liberated. This is an important moment in Chongqing's history and the beginning of a new era in Chongqing's history. Therefore, consolidating the new regime, maintaining the social order and establishing a strong political organization form have become the most urgent problems for the CPC to solve. At that time, the construction of the grass-roots regime in Chongqing experienced a tortuous course of development, and the experience and lessons from it still have certain guiding significance and reference value for our political power construction today and the innovation of socialist theory and practice. Therefore, this paper hopes to explore how the new regime extends power to the grass-roots society of the city by systematically combing and discussing the construction of the grass-roots regime in Chongqing in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China on the basis of extensive possession of archival documents. The article is divided into four parts. The first part discusses the primary construction of the basic power in Chongqing urban area. This paper expounds in detail that after the liberation of Chongqing, after more than 50 days of highly efficient takeover work, on the basis of completing the preliminary establishment of the new democratic regime in Chongqing, the district administration organizations should be gradually perfected and regional political construction strengthened. The second part, the overview of Chongqing urban grass-roots regime construction difficulties breakthrough. The article points out that in order to manage the society well, the Communist Party of China must combine the top-down system with the bottom-up mass organizations, carry out the mass line that the CPC has always insisted on calling on, and further infiltrate the government will. Realize the state power to the unit person and the non-unit person respectively control the governance. In the third part, the author focuses on the improvement of the basic political power construction in Chongqing urban area. Using the method of historical literature deduction, based on the principle of seeking truth from facts, the paper divides the deductive process of Chongqing urban grassroots power into four stages according to the existing literature. The residents Committee of Chongqing Municipality was rebuilt on the basis of the Duan Representative Group. According to the central instruction, the sub-district office is not a first-level political organization, but a regional dispatched organ. Residents' committees are residents' organizations with basic-level mass autonomy, mainly welfare affairs, under the jurisdiction of residents groups. Subsequently, the urban management system of "secondary regime, three-level management" was established in the whole country, that is, the city administration organization composed of municipal and district governments and their local organizations, street offices and residents' committees, referred to as "street dwelling system". However, in the actual operation, the work of the residents Committee is not the same as the original presupposition of the new regime, the main task is the welfare of the residents, on the contrary, it focuses more on the political and administrative affairs, and the autonomous function has not been realized. Although the orientation of the residents Committee does not form substantial autonomy according to the presupposition, the overall situation shows that the state still achieves the goal of effective control of society. The fourth part, Chongqing urban grassroots regime construction characteristics and main experience. This part mainly expounds the characteristics of the grass-roots government in Chongqing urban area, and forms its own experience. In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, Chongqing, in accordance with the concept of the Communist Party of China governing the city, combined with the actual situation and the central task of each stage, launched a mass movement to combine with the readjustment of the city's grassroots political power, and finally achieved the goal of controlling the grass-roots society. Realized the grass-roots social high-degree organization and the grass-roots mass's ideology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D232
本文編號：2377692
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the war of liberation, the vast areas under the Kuomintang rule were gradually liberated by the people's army under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. Five battalions of the second Field Army Department of the Chinese people's Liberation Army (PLA) entered the city of Chongqing, and Chongqing was liberated. This is an important moment in Chongqing's history and the beginning of a new era in Chongqing's history. Therefore, consolidating the new regime, maintaining the social order and establishing a strong political organization form have become the most urgent problems for the CPC to solve. At that time, the construction of the grass-roots regime in Chongqing experienced a tortuous course of development, and the experience and lessons from it still have certain guiding significance and reference value for our political power construction today and the innovation of socialist theory and practice. Therefore, this paper hopes to explore how the new regime extends power to the grass-roots society of the city by systematically combing and discussing the construction of the grass-roots regime in Chongqing in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China on the basis of extensive possession of archival documents. The article is divided into four parts. The first part discusses the primary construction of the basic power in Chongqing urban area. This paper expounds in detail that after the liberation of Chongqing, after more than 50 days of highly efficient takeover work, on the basis of completing the preliminary establishment of the new democratic regime in Chongqing, the district administration organizations should be gradually perfected and regional political construction strengthened. The second part, the overview of Chongqing urban grass-roots regime construction difficulties breakthrough. The article points out that in order to manage the society well, the Communist Party of China must combine the top-down system with the bottom-up mass organizations, carry out the mass line that the CPC has always insisted on calling on, and further infiltrate the government will. Realize the state power to the unit person and the non-unit person respectively control the governance. In the third part, the author focuses on the improvement of the basic political power construction in Chongqing urban area. Using the method of historical literature deduction, based on the principle of seeking truth from facts, the paper divides the deductive process of Chongqing urban grassroots power into four stages according to the existing literature. The residents Committee of Chongqing Municipality was rebuilt on the basis of the Duan Representative Group. According to the central instruction, the sub-district office is not a first-level political organization, but a regional dispatched organ. Residents' committees are residents' organizations with basic-level mass autonomy, mainly welfare affairs, under the jurisdiction of residents groups. Subsequently, the urban management system of "secondary regime, three-level management" was established in the whole country, that is, the city administration organization composed of municipal and district governments and their local organizations, street offices and residents' committees, referred to as "street dwelling system". However, in the actual operation, the work of the residents Committee is not the same as the original presupposition of the new regime, the main task is the welfare of the residents, on the contrary, it focuses more on the political and administrative affairs, and the autonomous function has not been realized. Although the orientation of the residents Committee does not form substantial autonomy according to the presupposition, the overall situation shows that the state still achieves the goal of effective control of society. The fourth part, Chongqing urban grassroots regime construction characteristics and main experience. This part mainly expounds the characteristics of the grass-roots government in Chongqing urban area, and forms its own experience. In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, Chongqing, in accordance with the concept of the Communist Party of China governing the city, combined with the actual situation and the central task of each stage, launched a mass movement to combine with the readjustment of the city's grassroots political power, and finally achieved the goal of controlling the grass-roots society. Realized the grass-roots social high-degree organization and the grass-roots mass's ideology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D232
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