貝特蘭在中國抗戰(zhàn)中的活動研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-11 08:58
【摘要】：詹姆斯·貝特蘭是一名新西蘭記者,1936年因旅行至北京,從此便與中國結下了深厚的友誼,成為中國人民忠實的朋友。他對中國抗戰(zhàn)的影響主要有兩點,第一,他是中國抗日戰(zhàn)爭的宣傳者與援助者。當日本帝國主義大舉侵略中國、中國人民遭受屠殺凌辱之時,他毅然肩負起宣傳中國戰(zhàn)爭的重任。第二,他有力地推動了各國人民反對法西斯戰(zhàn)爭的發(fā)展。他作為中日戰(zhàn)爭的見證人之一,積極的向其他國家宣傳這場戰(zhàn)爭。在戰(zhàn)爭中當他看到中共軍隊物資匱乏,便主動與宋慶齡等一些“保盟”成員,爭取國際人士對中共在物資、醫(yī)藥方面的援助。并且通過他對中共治理陜甘寧邊區(qū)經(jīng)濟、政治、文化方面的報道,使得國外人士對中共有了清晰的了解。通過他對華北戰(zhàn)區(qū)的整體情況和國共兩黨在抗日時期取得一些戰(zhàn)役勝利的報道,使得人民不僅對國內(nèi)的抗戰(zhàn)詳情有了了解,而且還堅定了他們戰(zhàn)勝日本的信心,所以說,在他的有力報道下,全國人民增強了團結的決心,加快了共同抵抗日本侵略的步伐。本文將分六部分來說明貝特蘭與中國的關系及其在中國革命中的貢獻。第一部分:詹姆斯·貝特蘭來華背景,這部分主要介紹了貝特蘭在華活動的整體情況。第二部分:貝特蘭在國統(tǒng)區(qū)為中國抗戰(zhàn)提供的幫助,這部分是從三個方面展開論述的:貝特蘭向國內(nèi)外人士揭示“西安事變”的真相,他為爭取國內(nèi)外人士捐助中共所做的努力,其在“民主”雜志社為中國編輯雜志。第三部分:貝特蘭對延安邊區(qū)軍民生活整體情況的宣傳。第四部分:貝特蘭采訪戰(zhàn)區(qū)軍隊并對國共兩支軍隊在華北的戰(zhàn)斗情況作了詳細的報道。第五部分:貝特蘭通過與傳教士接觸,發(fā)現(xiàn)中共宗教政策增強了中國的抗戰(zhàn)力量,贏得了傳教士對宗教政策的支持。第六部分:貝特蘭通過他在中國對國共兩黨軍隊的了解以及他的“戰(zhàn)俘經(jīng)歷”,使他更加堅定:中國在中日戰(zhàn)爭中必將會取得勝利,并且勝利是由中共和中國人民共同努力得來的。對貝特蘭與中國之間關系的探究,既有利于學者了解貝特蘭本人作為國際友人在抗戰(zhàn)時期對中國戰(zhàn)爭的幫助,又有利于剖析在抗戰(zhàn)時期,貧瘠的陜甘寧邊區(qū)為什么會吸引多數(shù)和貝特蘭一樣的國際友人,他們主動報道中國的戰(zhàn)爭,并且最后無所畏懼的成為中國革命事業(yè)的支持者。同時也有利于了解中共能夠順利組織和動員廣大人民群眾抗戰(zhàn)并最終取得勝利的原因。
[Abstract]:James Bertram, a New Zealand journalist who traveled to Beijing in 1936, established a deep friendship with China and became a loyal friend of the Chinese people. His influence on the Chinese War of Resistance against Japan has two main points. First, he is a propagandist and aider of China's War of Resistance against Japan. When the Japanese imperialists invaded China and the Chinese people were slaughtered and humiliated, he resolutely shouldered the responsibility of propagating the Chinese war. Second, he gave a strong impetus to the development of the people of all countries against the fascist war. As one of the witnesses to the Sino-Japanese war, he actively publicized the war to other countries. When he saw that the Chinese army was short of supplies during the war, he took the initiative with Song Qingling and other members of the "Union" to solicit international assistance for the Chinese Communists in the fields of materials and medicine. And through his report on the economic, political and cultural aspects of the Chinese Communist Party's administration of the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region, foreign people have a clear understanding of the CPC. Through his report on the overall situation in the North China war zone and the victory of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in some campaigns during the Anti-Japanese War, the people have not only gained an understanding of the details of the domestic war of resistance, but also strengthened their confidence in their victory over Japan. Under his able report, the people of the whole country strengthened their resolve to unite and quicken the pace of common resistance to Japanese aggression. This article will be divided into six parts to explain the relationship between Bertram and China and its contribution to the Chinese revolution. The first part: James Bertram's background in China, which mainly introduces Bertram's activities in China. The second part: the help that Bertram provided to China's anti-Japanese war in the Guomin-controlled area. This part is discussed from three aspects: Bertram reveals the truth of "Xi'an incident" to people at home and abroad. His efforts to enlist donations to the Chinese Communist Party at home and abroad, he edited magazines for China at Democracy magazine. The third part: Bertram's propaganda on the whole life of military and civilian in Yan'an Border region. The fourth part: Bertram interviewed the troops in the war zone and gave a detailed report on the fighting of the two armies in North China. The fifth part: through contact with missionaries, Bertram found that the religious policy of the Communist Party of China strengthened China's anti-Japanese forces and won the support of missionaries for religious policy. The sixth part: Bertram's understanding of the Kuomintang and the Communist army in China and his "prisoner of war" experience make him more firm: China will certainly win in the Sino-Japanese War. And the victory came from the joint efforts of the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people. The inquiry into the relationship between Bertram and China is not only helpful for scholars to understand Bertram's help to China's war as an international friend during the War of Resistance against Japan, but also conducive to the analysis of the period of the War of Resistance against Japan. Why did the barren Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region attract most international friends like Bertram who took the initiative to report China's war and eventually became fearless supporters of the Chinese revolutionary cause. At the same time, it also helps to understand the reason why the CPC can organize and mobilize the broad masses of the people to resist the war and finally win the war.
【學位授予單位】：延安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D231
本文編號：2324376
[Abstract]:James Bertram, a New Zealand journalist who traveled to Beijing in 1936, established a deep friendship with China and became a loyal friend of the Chinese people. His influence on the Chinese War of Resistance against Japan has two main points. First, he is a propagandist and aider of China's War of Resistance against Japan. When the Japanese imperialists invaded China and the Chinese people were slaughtered and humiliated, he resolutely shouldered the responsibility of propagating the Chinese war. Second, he gave a strong impetus to the development of the people of all countries against the fascist war. As one of the witnesses to the Sino-Japanese war, he actively publicized the war to other countries. When he saw that the Chinese army was short of supplies during the war, he took the initiative with Song Qingling and other members of the "Union" to solicit international assistance for the Chinese Communists in the fields of materials and medicine. And through his report on the economic, political and cultural aspects of the Chinese Communist Party's administration of the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region, foreign people have a clear understanding of the CPC. Through his report on the overall situation in the North China war zone and the victory of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in some campaigns during the Anti-Japanese War, the people have not only gained an understanding of the details of the domestic war of resistance, but also strengthened their confidence in their victory over Japan. Under his able report, the people of the whole country strengthened their resolve to unite and quicken the pace of common resistance to Japanese aggression. This article will be divided into six parts to explain the relationship between Bertram and China and its contribution to the Chinese revolution. The first part: James Bertram's background in China, which mainly introduces Bertram's activities in China. The second part: the help that Bertram provided to China's anti-Japanese war in the Guomin-controlled area. This part is discussed from three aspects: Bertram reveals the truth of "Xi'an incident" to people at home and abroad. His efforts to enlist donations to the Chinese Communist Party at home and abroad, he edited magazines for China at Democracy magazine. The third part: Bertram's propaganda on the whole life of military and civilian in Yan'an Border region. The fourth part: Bertram interviewed the troops in the war zone and gave a detailed report on the fighting of the two armies in North China. The fifth part: through contact with missionaries, Bertram found that the religious policy of the Communist Party of China strengthened China's anti-Japanese forces and won the support of missionaries for religious policy. The sixth part: Bertram's understanding of the Kuomintang and the Communist army in China and his "prisoner of war" experience make him more firm: China will certainly win in the Sino-Japanese War. And the victory came from the joint efforts of the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people. The inquiry into the relationship between Bertram and China is not only helpful for scholars to understand Bertram's help to China's war as an international friend during the War of Resistance against Japan, but also conducive to the analysis of the period of the War of Resistance against Japan. Why did the barren Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region attract most international friends like Bertram who took the initiative to report China's war and eventually became fearless supporters of the Chinese revolutionary cause. At the same time, it also helps to understand the reason why the CPC can organize and mobilize the broad masses of the people to resist the war and finally win the war.
【學位授予單位】：延安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D231
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