【摘要】：本文首先追溯了政府與市場(chǎng)關(guān)系的認(rèn)識(shí)。從中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)思想入手,分析其基本立場(chǎng),得出可資借鑒的思想;再通過對(duì)西方資產(chǎn)階級(jí)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)理論的研究,了解其基本的觀點(diǎn);接著著重闡述了馬克思、恩格斯對(duì)資本主義政府與市場(chǎng)批判的啟示,通過這部分的研究可以看出馬克思、恩格斯對(duì)商品經(jīng)濟(jì)持反對(duì)態(tài)度,但是沒有絕對(duì)否定商品經(jīng)濟(jì)。因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為在社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì)沒有相當(dāng)發(fā)達(dá)之前,可以利用商品經(jīng)濟(jì),等到足夠發(fā)達(dá)時(shí)取消商品經(jīng)濟(jì)。此后闡述了列寧、斯大林、建國(guó)初期黨對(duì)資產(chǎn)階級(jí)關(guān)于政府與市場(chǎng)關(guān)系理論的批判。他們都是繼承了馬克思關(guān)于商品經(jīng)濟(jì)的批判的思想,根據(jù)不同的實(shí)際情況發(fā)展了馬克思主義經(jīng)濟(jì)理論。尤其是我黨在建國(guó)初期對(duì)政府與市場(chǎng)關(guān)系的認(rèn)識(shí)主要是毛澤東同志和劉少奇同志的經(jīng)濟(jì)思想。本文闡述的重點(diǎn)是改革開放以后黨對(duì)政府與市場(chǎng)關(guān)系認(rèn)識(shí)變遷的歷程以及在十八大精神指導(dǎo)下黨對(duì)政府與市場(chǎng)關(guān)系的認(rèn)識(shí)。通過對(duì)不同時(shí)期黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的中央文件和講話文件的梳理,不難看出黨在認(rèn)識(shí)政府與市場(chǎng)關(guān)系的轉(zhuǎn)變主要經(jīng)過了四個(gè)時(shí)期的主要內(nèi)容:“以計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)為主、市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)為輔”、公有制下有計(jì)劃的商品經(jīng)濟(jì)、市場(chǎng)在資源配置中起基礎(chǔ)性作用、市場(chǎng)在資源配置中起決定性作用。通過這一部分的分析,可以看出黨的認(rèn)識(shí)在不斷深化并走向成熟,能夠準(zhǔn)確的認(rèn)識(shí)到市場(chǎng)和政府間的關(guān)系,從而制定出有利于人民、國(guó)家、社會(huì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。黨的認(rèn)識(shí)已經(jīng)有了較為明確的闡述,在實(shí)踐過程中如何具體貫徹也是我們研究的重點(diǎn):深化對(duì)市場(chǎng)決定性作用的認(rèn)識(shí);強(qiáng)化對(duì)政府宏觀調(diào)控作用的理解;提升對(duì)社會(huì)公平與經(jīng)濟(jì)效率的認(rèn)知能力。通過已有資料對(duì)理論和實(shí)踐認(rèn)識(shí)的梳理和分析,總結(jié)出我黨在認(rèn)識(shí)道路上能夠轉(zhuǎn)變的原因、經(jīng)驗(yàn)以及教訓(xùn),得出結(jié)論,闡述自己的觀點(diǎn),為今后黨的認(rèn)識(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)變提供可資借鑒之處。
[Abstract]:This paper first traces the understanding of the relationship between the government and the market. Starting with the Chinese traditional economic thought, this paper analyzes its basic position and draws some ideas that can be used for reference; through the study of the western bourgeois market economy theory, it understands its basic viewpoints; then it focuses on the elaboration of Marx, The enlightenment of Engels to the criticism of capitalist government and market can be seen from this part of the study that Marx and Engels are against the commodity economy, but there is no absolute negation of the commodity economy. Because they think that before the socialist economy is quite developed, we can use the commodity economy and cancel the commodity economy when it is developed enough. After that, it expounds Lenin, Stalin, and the Party's critique of bourgeois theory on the relationship between government and market in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China. They all inherited Marx's critical thought on commodity economy and developed Marxist economic theory according to different actual conditions. In particular, our Party's understanding of the relationship between government and market in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China was mainly based on the economic thoughts of Comrade Mao Zedong and Comrade Liu Shaoqi. The emphasis of this paper is the course of the Party's understanding of the relationship between the government and the market after the reform and opening up and the understanding of the relationship between the government and the market under the guidance of the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Through combing the central and speech documents of the party leaders in different periods, it is not difficult to see that the party has mainly experienced four main contents in the transformation of the relationship between the government and the market: "the planned economy is the main factor, the market economy is secondary". In the planned commodity economy under public ownership, the market plays a fundamental role in the allocation of resources, and the market plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources. Through this part of the analysis, we can see that the party's understanding is deepening and maturing, can accurately understand the relationship between the market and the government, and thus formulate economic policies that are beneficial to the people, the country and the society. The Party's understanding has been explained clearly, and how to carry it out in practice is also the focus of our research: deepening the understanding of the decisive role of the market, strengthening the understanding of the role of the government in macro-control; Enhance the cognitive ability of social equity and economic efficiency. By combing and analyzing the theoretical and practical understanding of the existing materials, the author summarizes the reasons, experiences and lessons that our Party can change on the road of cognition, draws a conclusion, and expounds its own views. For the future transformation of the Party's understanding can be used for reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京信息工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D267

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