發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-28 21:01

  本文選題：晉西北 + 士紳參觀團(tuán)��； 參考：《延安大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：1941年至1942年,是世界法西斯勢力最猖獗、中國抗戰(zhàn)最艱苦的階段,也是中共領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的抗日根據(jù)地最困難的時(shí)期。當(dāng)時(shí)的延安,面臨著國民黨和日本侵略者的雙重封鎖與壓迫,幾乎與外界斷絕了聯(lián)系。面對(duì)國民黨的封鎖和壓迫,中共制定和推行了十大政策,克服困難,戰(zhàn)勝敵人,取得了很好的效果。特別是“三三制”政策的推出與實(shí)施,有力地鞏固了抗日根據(jù)地的政權(quán),為贏得抗日戰(zhàn)爭最后的勝利奠定了牢固的基礎(chǔ)。開明士紳階級(jí)作為“三三制”中的一部分,在抗戰(zhàn)中有著舉足輕重的作用。不過中共對(duì)開明士紳的認(rèn)識(shí)和態(tài)度也不是一蹴而就的,而是有一個(gè)不斷變化和發(fā)展的過程:由最初將他們作為革命的打擊對(duì)象,到后來逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榭谷彰褡褰y(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線中必須團(tuán)結(jié)的一份子。開明士紳作為抗日民族統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線中間勢力的代表群體,由于其階級(jí)性和世界觀的局限,在抗戰(zhàn)之前和抗戰(zhàn)初期也與中共接觸比較少,對(duì)中共的政策不是很了解,態(tài)度也不是很積極。此后隨著抗戰(zhàn)的深入,才逐漸接觸了解并且進(jìn)行了密切的合作。1942年5月4日至8月5日,晉西北抗日根據(jù)地的開明士紳,組織了一次聲勢浩大的赴延安參觀活動(dòng)。他們不遠(yuǎn)千里到達(dá)延安,進(jìn)行參觀訪問。此次參觀歷時(shí)3月,期間在延安駐留55天,見到了中共中央、八路軍、邊區(qū)政府、邊區(qū)參議會(huì)、各級(jí)負(fù)責(zé)首長、并與他們進(jìn)行了親切的座談,交換了對(duì)抗戰(zhàn)建國的意見,參觀了邊區(qū)的工廠、學(xué)校、醫(yī)院等38家單位,吸取了邊區(qū)各種建設(shè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。晉西北士紳參觀團(tuán)赴延參觀活動(dòng)影響深遠(yuǎn),不僅有力地促進(jìn)了晉西北抗日根據(jù)地各項(xiàng)事業(yè)的建設(shè)與發(fā)展,而且對(duì)全國抗日根據(jù)地的建設(shè)也起到積極的促進(jìn)作用。政治方面,促進(jìn)了晉西北抗日根據(jù)地統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線的發(fā)展,加強(qiáng)了抗日根據(jù)地民主政權(quán)的建設(shè);經(jīng)濟(jì)方面,積極推行統(tǒng)一累進(jìn)稅、自動(dòng)減租減息的政策,促進(jìn)了抗日根據(jù)地的經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè);軍事方面,支持部隊(duì)建設(shè),積極動(dòng)員參軍、擁軍并護(hù)軍,壯大了抗日的軍事力量;社會(huì)方面,以身作則,身先士卒,促進(jìn)了根據(jù)地文化教育事業(yè)和社會(huì)公益活動(dòng)的發(fā)展。通過延安考察,晉西北參觀團(tuán)的士紳們不僅增長了見識(shí),而且學(xué)到了很多東西,感受良多。對(duì)晉西北士紳參觀團(tuán)赴延安考察,中共領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人給予很高的關(guān)注度�？梢钥隙ǖ卣f,晉西北士紳參觀團(tuán)的延安之行不僅僅是一次普通的訪問和參觀,也是中共在推行“三三制”政權(quán),開展統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線工作上取得的一次重大勝利。
[Abstract]:The period from 1941 to 1942 was the most rampant of fascist forces in the world, the most difficult period of the Chinese War of Resistance against Japan, and the most difficult period of the anti-Japanese base areas led by the Communist Party of China. Yenan at that time, faced with the Kuomintang and the Japanese aggressors of the dual blockade and oppression, almost cut off contact with the outside world. In the face of the Kuomintang blockade and oppression, the Communist Party formulated and implemented ten policies to overcome difficulties and defeat the enemy, and achieved good results. In particular, the introduction and implementation of the "three-three system" policy has strengthened the regime in the anti-Japanese base areas and laid a solid foundation for winning the final victory of the War of Resistance against Japan. As a part of the three-three system, the enlightened gentry played an important role in the War of Resistance. However, the understanding and attitude of the Chinese Communists towards the enlightened gentry were not achieved overnight, but there was a process of constant change and development: from the beginning, they were regarded as the targets of the revolution. Later, it gradually turned into a member of the anti-Japanese national United front who must be United. As a representative group of the middle forces in the anti-Japanese national United front, the enlightened gentry, due to their class nature and limitations of the world outlook, also had relatively little contact with the Chinese Communists before and at the beginning of the War of Resistance against Japan, and did not have a good understanding of the policies of the Chinese Communists. The attitude is also not very positive. From May 4 to August 5, 1942, the enlightened gentry in the anti-Japanese base area of northwest Shanxi organized a grand visit to Yenan. They traveled thousands of miles to Yan'an for a visit. The visit lasted three months. During the 55-day stay in Yan'an, he met with the CPC Central Committee, the eighth Route Army, the Border region Government, the Border region Senate and responsible officials at all levels, and held cordial discussions with them and exchanged views on the establishment of the people's Republic of China in the War of Resistance against Japan. Visited the border area factories, schools, hospitals and other 38 units, drawing on various construction experience in the border area. The visiting activities of the gentry visiting group of northwest Shanxi had a far-reaching influence, which not only promoted the construction and development of various undertakings in the anti-Japanese base area of northwest Shanxi, but also played an active role in the construction of the anti-Japanese base area throughout the country. Politically, it has promoted the development of the United front in the anti-Japanese base area in northwest Shanxi, strengthened the construction of democratic power in the anti-Japanese base area, and actively pursued the policy of unified progressive tax and automatic reduction of rent and interest in the economic field. It has promoted the economic construction of the anti-Japanese base areas, supported the building of the troops in the military, actively mobilized to join the army, supported and defended the army, and strengthened the military strength of the resistance; in the social aspect, it has set an example and set an example. It has promoted the development of cultural and educational undertakings and social public welfare activities in the base areas. Through Yan'an investigation, the gentry of northwest Shanxi not only increased their knowledge, but also learned a lot and felt a lot. The leaders of the Communist Party of China paid high attention to the visit to Yan'an. It can be said with certainty that the visit to Yan'an by the gentry of northwest Shanxi was not only an ordinary visit and visit, but also a major victory for the Chinese Communist Party in carrying out the "three systems" regime and carrying out the work of the United front.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D231

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