本文選題：新中國　切入點(diǎn)：留學(xué)生　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：新中國的成立,結(jié)束了我國自鴉片戰(zhàn)爭以來被帝國主義國家壓迫和奴役的屈辱歷史,從此進(jìn)入到中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)恢復(fù)和國家建設(shè)的軌道上來。而進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)恢復(fù)和國家建設(shè)面臨的最大難題就是各類科技專門人才奇缺。為此,中國共產(chǎn)黨運(yùn)用各種途徑積極爭取海外留學(xué)生回國,掀起了新中國歷史上第一次留學(xué)生歸國潮。海外留學(xué)生的歸國,一定程度上緩解了這一時期我國人才緊缺的局面,對新中國的建設(shè)事業(yè)作出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。新中國成立初期的留學(xué)生歸國潮,在中國留學(xué)史和中華人民共和國史上譜寫下了光輝的篇章,也必然成為中國留學(xué)史和人才發(fā)展史領(lǐng)域的重要研究課題,面對當(dāng)代激烈的人才爭奪國際局勢,認(rèn)真研究這一時期的留學(xué)生歸國潮,對當(dāng)前處在“人才流失大國之首”的中國具有重要的借鑒和啟發(fā)意義,論文分為四大部分來闡述。第一部分重點(diǎn)闡釋了論文選題的理論意義和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義、學(xué)術(shù)界對此論題的研究現(xiàn)狀、論文采用的研究方法以及創(chuàng)新之處。第二部分主要分析了新中國成立初期留學(xué)生歸國潮的歷史背景和基本概況。就其歷史背景而言,主要從宏觀上對新中國成立初期的國際國內(nèi)形勢進(jìn)行了分析。對留學(xué)生歸國潮的基本歷程,則分為高漲、低谷、回暖三個階段進(jìn)行闡述。第三部分從黨和國家、社會團(tuán)體、留學(xué)生自身三個層面入手,分析了新中國成立初期留學(xué)生歸國潮的成因,總結(jié)歸納了這一時期留學(xué)生歸國潮的特點(diǎn),主要從留學(xué)生歸國潮所呈現(xiàn)出的基本趨勢、產(chǎn)生的社會效應(yīng)以及所表現(xiàn)出的強(qiáng)烈的報(bào)國之志三個方面進(jìn)行分析。第四部分則主要闡述了新中國成立初期留學(xué)生歸國潮的歷史貢獻(xiàn)和現(xiàn)實(shí)啟示。就歷史貢獻(xiàn)層面而言,主要闡述了歸國留學(xué)生群體在各科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的突出成就,概括了他們在新中國教育、國防及外交事業(yè)的發(fā)展方面的突出成就。就現(xiàn)實(shí)啟示層面而言,則主要從制定合理的留學(xué)生政策,建立健全人才體制機(jī)制,優(yōu)化國內(nèi)相關(guān)環(huán)境,增強(qiáng)留學(xué)生的人文關(guān)懷,弘揚(yáng)愛國主義民族精神這五個方面來論述。
[Abstract]:The founding of New China put an end to the humiliating history of our country being oppressed and enslaved by imperialist countries since the Opium War. Since then, the Communist Party of China has led the people on the track of economic recovery and national construction. The biggest problem in carrying out economic recovery and national construction is the great shortage of specialized scientific and technological personnel of all kinds. For this reason, The Communist Party of China has actively sought the return of overseas students through various channels, setting off the first wave of returned students in the history of the people's Republic of China. To some extent, the return of overseas students alleviated the shortage of talents in our country during this period. In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the tide of overseas students returning to China has written a glorious chapter in the history of studying abroad in China and in the history of the people's Republic of China. It is also bound to become an important research topic in the history of Chinese study abroad and in the field of the history of talent development. In the face of the fierce international situation of the contemporary talent race, we must seriously study the tide of returning students from this period of time. It has important reference and enlightening significance for China, which is currently in the "head of the great country of brain drain". The thesis is divided into four parts to elaborate. The first part mainly explains the theoretical and practical significance of the selected topic of the thesis. The second part mainly analyzes the historical background and basic situation of the tide of overseas students returning to China in the early stage of the founding of New China. As far as its historical background is concerned, It mainly analyzes the international and domestic situation in the early days of the founding of New China from a macro perspective. The basic course of the tide of overseas students returning to China is divided into three stages: upsurge, trough and warming. The third part is from the party, the state, and social organizations. Starting with the three levels of foreign students themselves, this paper analyzes the causes of the return tide of foreign students in the early stage of the founding of New China, summarizes the characteristics of the tide of returning students abroad in this period, and mainly presents the basic trend from the tide of returning students to the country. The fourth part mainly expounds the historical contribution and realistic enlightenment of the tide of overseas students returning to the country in the early period of the founding of New China. This paper mainly expounds the outstanding achievements of returned overseas students in various fields of science, and summarizes their outstanding achievements in the development of education, national defense and foreign affairs in New China. It is mainly discussed from the following five aspects: making a reasonable policy for foreign students, establishing and perfecting the system of talents, optimizing the relevant domestic environment, strengthening the humanistic care of foreign students, and carrying forward the national spirit of patriotism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D232

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張勵;;建國以來上海吸引留學(xué)歸國人員工作的歷史回顧及其現(xiàn)實(shí)意義[J];上海黨史與黨建;2007年01期

2 馬啟民;20世紀(jì)前半期中國共產(chǎn)黨人留學(xué)生群體研究[J];人文雜志;2005年05期

3 李濤,周全;對建國初期吸引海外留學(xué)生歸國工作的回顧——兼論其對我國文教事業(yè)的影響[J];黨史文苑;2004年04期

4 李靈革,趙文遠(yuǎn);建國初期爭取海外留學(xué)生歸國工作的回顧[J];天中學(xué)刊;2003年06期

5 張秀明;改革開放以來留學(xué)生的回歸及處境──根據(jù)歸國留學(xué)生問卷調(diào)查的分析[J];華僑華人歷史研究;1999年02期

6 程希;留學(xué)生的滯留與中國政府的對策[J];華僑華人歷史研究;1999年02期

7 ;拓寬報(bào)國之路——國內(nèi)鼓勵留學(xué)人員為國服務(wù)部分舉措總攬[J];神州學(xué)人;1998年10期

8 許瓏;奔向光明的時刻——記建國前后的留學(xué)生回國潮[J];神州學(xué)人;1998年10期

9 席富群;建國初期中國共產(chǎn)黨的知識分子政策述論[J];史學(xué)月刊;1998年05期

10 方天瞳;努力吸引海外華人知識分子為國服務(wù)[J];重慶大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會科學(xué)版);1997年01期

，

本文編號：1646940