【摘要】：2005年底,國務(wù)院頒發(fā)了《關(guān)于深化文化體制改革的若干意見》,拉開了我國文化體制改革開始了“破冰之旅”。對(duì)于出版單位而言,人民出版社、盲文出版社、少數(shù)民族語言出版社根據(jù)政策轉(zhuǎn)制為公益性文化事業(yè)單位。這些轉(zhuǎn)制后的公益性出版事業(yè)單位該如何運(yùn)作呢?公益性事業(yè)單位要不要從事經(jīng)營活動(dòng)呢?公益性出版事業(yè)單位的發(fā)展途徑又有哪些呢?這些問題的破解都有賴于新思路、新做法,需要在原來的基礎(chǔ)上有所創(chuàng)新。公益性出版事業(yè)單位改革的關(guān)鍵在于：一是在出版方向上堅(jiān)持“有所為,有所不為”,優(yōu)化出版布局；二是理順事業(yè)單位組織構(gòu)架,建立健全現(xiàn)代事業(yè)法人治理結(jié)構(gòu)；三是堅(jiān)定實(shí)行事企分開,減少行政干預(yù)色彩。 就公益性出版事業(yè)單位的內(nèi)部治理結(jié)構(gòu)而言,目前還存在著一些問題,如出資人與公益性出版單位管理者的委托——代理問題、問責(zé)制度缺乏、社會(huì)成本增加、項(xiàng)目選擇難度加大、效率低下等等,且缺乏好的激勵(lì)機(jī)制,這些問題直接制約著公益性出版事業(yè)單位的改革與發(fā)展方向。要探明這些問題的實(shí)質(zhì)以及如何解決這些存在的困境,既需要在理論上予以澄清,更需要在實(shí)踐中加大試點(diǎn)、改革的嘗試力度。 文章借鑒國外相對(duì)成熟的非營利組織以及公司治理理論中一些內(nèi)部治理結(jié)構(gòu)的模式,并探討這些模式在我國社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)下對(duì)于公益性出版事業(yè)發(fā)展改革的可行性,為之我用。非營利組織和公益性出版事業(yè)單位,本質(zhì)上均是提供公益性的服務(wù),都存在代理的問題,非營利組織內(nèi)部治理可以提供相對(duì)的啟發(fā)與思考。運(yùn)用非營利組織內(nèi)部治理,設(shè)計(jì)公益性出版事業(yè)單位內(nèi)部治理結(jié)構(gòu),具有非常大的借鑒意義。同時(shí)為了彌補(bǔ)非營利組織在我國大環(huán)境下的一些不足之處,克服公益性出版單位“等”、“靠”、“要”以及政企不分、企事不分等弊病,有效的實(shí)現(xiàn)“三權(quán)分立”,實(shí)現(xiàn)決策、執(zhí)行和監(jiān)督的良性運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),文章進(jìn)一步借鑒了公司治理理論中的一些成熟做法。例如,大中型的公益性出版事業(yè)單位可以引入股東大會(huì)、董事會(huì)、行政負(fù)責(zé)人和監(jiān)督委員會(huì)等形式構(gòu)建法人內(nèi)部治理結(jié)構(gòu),建立起公益性出版事業(yè)單位行之有效的激勵(lì)制度、監(jiān)督制度,以此探索公益性出版事業(yè)單位的良性發(fā)展的有效路徑。 公益性出版事業(yè)單位的改革發(fā)展能否取得重要突破,需要從內(nèi)部治理結(jié)構(gòu)上予以探究,建立符合中國特色的公益性出版事業(yè)單位的特色體制機(jī)制。另(?)方面,作為國家公共文化的公益性出版事業(yè)單位,政府應(yīng)該積極的推動(dòng)其體制創(chuàng)新與改革,并從政策、法律法規(guī)上明確保障其發(fā)展,營造一個(gè)良好的法律氛圍,文章對(duì)于如何營造公益性出版事業(yè)單位改革發(fā)展的政策法律環(huán)境同樣進(jìn)行了探討并提出了相應(yīng)的建議。
[Abstract]:At the end of 2005, the State Council issued some opinions on deepening the reform of the cultural system, which began the "ice-breaking journey" of China's cultural system reform. For publishing units, the people's Publishing House, Braille Publishing House and Minority language Publishing House are transformed into public welfare cultural institutions according to the policy. How should these public welfare publishing institutions operate? Should public welfare institutions engage in business activities? What are the ways to develop public welfare publishing institutions? The solution of these problems depends on new ideas and new practices, which need to be innovated on the basis of the original. The key to the reform of public welfare publishing institutions lies in the following aspects: first, to adhere to the principle of "doing something and not doing something" in the publishing direction, and to optimize the publishing layout; second, to straighten out the organizational structure of public institutions and establish and improve the governance structure of modern public institutions as legal persons; Third, firmly implement the separation of enterprises, reduce the color of administrative intervention. As far as the internal governance structure of public welfare publishing institutions is concerned, there are still some problems, such as the principal-agent problem between investors and managers of public welfare publishing units, the lack of accountability system and the increase of social costs. The difficulty of project selection, inefficiency and lack of good incentive mechanism directly restrict the reform and development of public welfare publishing institutions. In order to find out the essence of these problems and how to solve these problems, we should not only clarify in theory, but also strengthen the experiment and reform in practice. This paper draws lessons from foreign relatively mature non-profit organizations and some internal governance structure models in corporate governance theory, and probes into the feasibility of these models for the development and reform of public welfare publishing under the social reality of our country. Non-profit organizations and public welfare publishing institutions, in essence, provide public welfare services, there is a problem of agency, non-profit organization internal governance can provide relative inspiration and thinking. It is of great significance to use the internal governance of non-profit organizations to design the internal governance structure of public welfare publishing institutions. At the same time, in order to make up for some shortcomings of non-profit organizations in the general environment of our country, and to overcome the disadvantages of "public welfare publishing units", "relying on", "to" do not distinguish between government and enterprises, and so on, they can effectively realize the separation of powers between the three powers. In order to realize the benign operation of decision-making, execution and supervision, this paper draws lessons from some mature practices in corporate governance theory. For example, large and medium-sized public publishing institutions may introduce shareholder meetings, boards of directors, executives, and supervisory committees to construct internal governance structures of legal persons, and establish an effective incentive system for public welfare publishing institutions. Supervision system, in order to explore the public welfare publishing institutions healthy development of the effective path. Whether the reform and development of public welfare publishing institutions can make an important breakthrough should be explored from the internal governance structure and the characteristic system mechanism of public welfare publishing institutions with Chinese characteristics should be established. Another (?) As a public welfare publishing institution of national public culture, the government should actively promote its system innovation and reform, and explicitly guarantee its development in terms of policies, laws and regulations, so as to create a good legal atmosphere. This paper discusses how to create the policy and legal environment for the reform and development of public welfare publishing institutions and puts forward corresponding suggestions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：G231

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