網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品著作人身權(quán)保護(hù)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-30 20:48
【摘要】：網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品是指在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上以數(shù)字形式進(jìn)行儲(chǔ)存和傳播,符合著作權(quán)法要求的文學(xué)、藝術(shù)和科學(xué)作品,它不僅包括利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)創(chuàng)作的具有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性并能被有形復(fù)制符合著作權(quán)法要求的網(wǎng)上原創(chuàng)作品,也包括傳統(tǒng)作品經(jīng)過數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)換在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上傳播的上網(wǎng)作品,還包括其他符合著作權(quán)法要求的在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上傳播的作品。網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品著作人身權(quán)指的是作者基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品而依法享有的以人身利益為內(nèi)容的權(quán)利。關(guān)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品著作人身權(quán)的性質(zhì)理論界存在著人格權(quán)說、身份權(quán)說和人身權(quán)說三種有代表性的觀點(diǎn)。人格價(jià)值論要求保護(hù)作者的人格利益,著作人身權(quán)乃至著作權(quán)的產(chǎn)生都是基于作者創(chuàng)作作品這一前提,作者的身份是基于作品的完成而產(chǎn)生的,作者和作品之間的聯(lián)系是天然存在而無法分割的。按照法律所保護(hù)的利益進(jìn)行分類,權(quán)利可以劃分為以物質(zhì)利益為內(nèi)容的權(quán)力和以精神利益為內(nèi)容的權(quán)力,前者稱之為財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)后者稱之為人身權(quán)。再加上用語習(xí)慣、司法實(shí)踐、被人們接受的程度等因素我們認(rèn)為網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品著作人身權(quán)屬人身權(quán)具有人格權(quán)和身份權(quán)的雙重屬性。 網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)雖然給著作人身權(quán)的保護(hù)帶來了諸多挑戰(zhàn),但網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品著作人身權(quán)的保護(hù)仍有其必要性。著作人身權(quán)與著作財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)共同構(gòu)成完整的著作權(quán),著作人身權(quán)與財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)緊密相連,是著作財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)實(shí)現(xiàn)的前提和基礎(chǔ)。保護(hù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品的著作人身權(quán)是實(shí)現(xiàn)著作權(quán)法立法目的的必然要求。雖然網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)給著作人身權(quán)的保護(hù)帶來了困難,使得侵權(quán)更加容易和頻繁,但是不應(yīng)成為保護(hù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)著作人身權(quán)的障礙。拜金主義、金錢萬能等腐朽思想一度支配了不少人,使得當(dāng)下社會(huì)精神信仰出現(xiàn)危機(jī),保護(hù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品著作人身權(quán)有利于凈化社會(huì)風(fēng)氣、保障網(wǎng)絡(luò)健康有序發(fā)展。網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品著作人身權(quán)保護(hù)面臨著一些困難,如某些網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品作者身份確定困難,署名推定原則受到質(zhì)疑。網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品發(fā)表權(quán)行使方式多樣化,受保護(hù)困難。網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品修改權(quán)和保護(hù)作品完整權(quán)的行使受到限制。利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品繼續(xù)創(chuàng)作,獲得相應(yīng)授權(quán)困難,影響相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展等困境等。 它山之石,可以攻玉。國外及有關(guān)國際條約關(guān)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品著作人身權(quán)的保護(hù)存在放棄模式、嚴(yán)格保護(hù)模式、伯爾尼模式三種保護(hù)模式。英美法系國家的放棄模式對(duì)著作人身權(quán)的規(guī)定根據(jù)作品的不同而不同,規(guī)定的具體細(xì)致,允許著作人身權(quán)權(quán)利人不同程度的放棄著作人身權(quán)。嚴(yán)格保護(hù)模式下的大陸法系國家一般都堅(jiān)持著作人身權(quán)不可轉(zhuǎn)讓,對(duì)著作人身權(quán)以較高的法律保護(hù)。但是為適應(yīng)計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展以及促進(jìn)相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,大陸法系國家對(duì)著作人身權(quán)的保護(hù)已經(jīng)有所放松不如以前嚴(yán)格,對(duì)著作人身權(quán)進(jìn)行了更多的限制。伯爾尼公約模式對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品的著作人身權(quán)給予保護(hù),至于著作人身權(quán)能否放棄則沒有明確的規(guī)定,允許締約國根據(jù)自己國家的國情規(guī)定。伯爾尼模式、大陸法系嚴(yán)格保護(hù)模式和英美放棄模式的趨同給我國網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品著作人身權(quán)的保護(hù)提供了可供參考的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 我國對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品著作人身權(quán)的規(guī)定散見于《著作權(quán)法》、《著作權(quán)法實(shí)施條例》、《計(jì)算機(jī)軟件保護(hù)條例》、《信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳播權(quán)保護(hù)條例》、《關(guān)于審理涉及計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)著作權(quán)糾紛案件適用法律若干問題的解釋》等法律文件。網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品著作人身權(quán)保護(hù)存在著規(guī)定散亂、籠統(tǒng)、保護(hù)有余而限制不足、技術(shù)保護(hù)措施適用范圍狹窄、對(duì)具體權(quán)利的規(guī)定一刀切等缺點(diǎn),不能很好的適應(yīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)社會(huì)的發(fā)展。版權(quán)法中的利益平衡原理是著作權(quán)法中的基本原理,網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品著作人身權(quán)的保護(hù)涉及諸多利益主體,因此在對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品著作人身權(quán)進(jìn)行保護(hù)的時(shí)候必須貫徹版權(quán)法中的利益平衡原則。在對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品的著作人身權(quán)進(jìn)行保護(hù)的同時(shí)應(yīng)該對(duì)作者的著作人身權(quán)進(jìn)行多方面和多角度的限制。通過技術(shù)措施保護(hù)、對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品著作人身權(quán)進(jìn)行分類保護(hù)和限制以及建立以知識(shí)共享許可協(xié)議為基礎(chǔ)的著作人身權(quán)有限放棄制度是解決上述問題及應(yīng)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)的一種有益選擇。
[Abstract]:Network works refer to literary, artistic and scientific works that are stored and disseminated in digital form on the Internet and meet the requirements of the Copyright Law. It includes not only original works created on the Internet and can be reproduced tangibly in accordance with the requirements of the Copyright Law, but also traditional works transferred digitally to the Internet. The personal right of a network work refers to the right of the author to take personal interests as the content according to law based on the network work. There are three representative views of the theory of rights.The theory of personality value requires the protection of the author's personality interests.The creation of personal rights and even copyright is based on the premise that the author creates the work.The identity of the author is based on the completion of the work.The relationship between the author and the work is natural and can not be separated.It is guaranteed by law. The interests of protection are classified into two categories: the rights based on material interests and the rights based on spiritual interests. The former is called property rights and the latter is called personal rights. And the dual nature of the right of identity.
Although network technology has brought many challenges to the protection of copyright, it is still necessary to protect the personal rights of network works. The personal rights and copyright constitute a complete copyright together. The personal rights and property rights are closely linked, which is the premise and basis for the realization of copyright. Personal rights are the necessary requirement to realize the legislative purpose of copyright law.Although network technology has brought difficulties to the protection of personal rights of copyright and made infringement easier and more frequent,it should not be an obstacle to the protection of personal rights of network copyright. Protecting the personal rights of network works is conducive to purifying the social atmosphere and ensuring the healthy and orderly development of the network. The protection of the personal rights of network works is faced with some difficulties, such as the difficulty in determining the identity of the author of some network works and the doubt of the principle of presumption of signature. Difficulty. The exercise of the right to modify and protect the integrity of works on the Internet is restricted. It is difficult to continue to create works on the Internet, obtain corresponding authorization, and affect the development of related industries.
There are three kinds of protection modes: abandonment mode, strict protection mode, Berne mode. The abandonment mode of Anglo-American law system countries has different provisions on the personal rights of copyright according to the different works, and the specific and detailed provisions allow the personal rights of copyright. Under the strict protection mode, the continental law countries generally insist on the non-transferability of the personal rights of the copyright and the higher legal protection of the personal rights of the copyright. But in order to adapt to the development of computer technology and promote the development of related industries, the civil law countries protect the personal rights of the copyright. The Berne convention model protects the personal rights of the copyright of the network works, but there is no clear stipulation on whether the personal rights of the copyright can be abandoned, allowing the contracting parties to stipulate according to their own national conditions. The Berne model, the civil law system strict protection model. The convergence with the abandonment model in Britain and the United States provides reference experience for the protection of the personal rights of our country's network works.
The provisions on personal rights of network works in China are scattered in the Copyright Law, the Implementing Regulations of the Copyright Law, the Regulations on the Protection of Computer Software, the Regulations on the Protection of the Right of Information Network Dissemination, the Interpretation of Several Questions of the Law Applicable to the Trial of Disputes over Computer Network Copyright, and other legal documents. There are some shortcomings in protection, such as scattered, general, redundant and inadequate protection, narrow scope of application of technical protection measures, and one-size-fits-all provisions on specific rights. The principle of balance of interests in copyright law is the basic principle of copyright law. The protection of personal rights in network works involves many aspects. In order to protect the personal rights of network works, we must implement the principle of balance of interests in copyright law. While protecting the personal rights of network works, we should restrict the personal rights of authors from various aspects and angles. Classified protection and restriction of copyright and the establishment of limited relinquishment of copyright based on knowledge sharing licensing agreement are a useful choice to solve the above problems and meet the challenges of network technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D923.41
本文編號(hào)：2214249
[Abstract]:Network works refer to literary, artistic and scientific works that are stored and disseminated in digital form on the Internet and meet the requirements of the Copyright Law. It includes not only original works created on the Internet and can be reproduced tangibly in accordance with the requirements of the Copyright Law, but also traditional works transferred digitally to the Internet. The personal right of a network work refers to the right of the author to take personal interests as the content according to law based on the network work. There are three representative views of the theory of rights.The theory of personality value requires the protection of the author's personality interests.The creation of personal rights and even copyright is based on the premise that the author creates the work.The identity of the author is based on the completion of the work.The relationship between the author and the work is natural and can not be separated.It is guaranteed by law. The interests of protection are classified into two categories: the rights based on material interests and the rights based on spiritual interests. The former is called property rights and the latter is called personal rights. And the dual nature of the right of identity.
Although network technology has brought many challenges to the protection of copyright, it is still necessary to protect the personal rights of network works. The personal rights and copyright constitute a complete copyright together. The personal rights and property rights are closely linked, which is the premise and basis for the realization of copyright. Personal rights are the necessary requirement to realize the legislative purpose of copyright law.Although network technology has brought difficulties to the protection of personal rights of copyright and made infringement easier and more frequent,it should not be an obstacle to the protection of personal rights of network copyright. Protecting the personal rights of network works is conducive to purifying the social atmosphere and ensuring the healthy and orderly development of the network. The protection of the personal rights of network works is faced with some difficulties, such as the difficulty in determining the identity of the author of some network works and the doubt of the principle of presumption of signature. Difficulty. The exercise of the right to modify and protect the integrity of works on the Internet is restricted. It is difficult to continue to create works on the Internet, obtain corresponding authorization, and affect the development of related industries.
There are three kinds of protection modes: abandonment mode, strict protection mode, Berne mode. The abandonment mode of Anglo-American law system countries has different provisions on the personal rights of copyright according to the different works, and the specific and detailed provisions allow the personal rights of copyright. Under the strict protection mode, the continental law countries generally insist on the non-transferability of the personal rights of the copyright and the higher legal protection of the personal rights of the copyright. But in order to adapt to the development of computer technology and promote the development of related industries, the civil law countries protect the personal rights of the copyright. The Berne convention model protects the personal rights of the copyright of the network works, but there is no clear stipulation on whether the personal rights of the copyright can be abandoned, allowing the contracting parties to stipulate according to their own national conditions. The Berne model, the civil law system strict protection model. The convergence with the abandonment model in Britain and the United States provides reference experience for the protection of the personal rights of our country's network works.
The provisions on personal rights of network works in China are scattered in the Copyright Law, the Implementing Regulations of the Copyright Law, the Regulations on the Protection of Computer Software, the Regulations on the Protection of the Right of Information Network Dissemination, the Interpretation of Several Questions of the Law Applicable to the Trial of Disputes over Computer Network Copyright, and other legal documents. There are some shortcomings in protection, such as scattered, general, redundant and inadequate protection, narrow scope of application of technical protection measures, and one-size-fits-all provisions on specific rights. The principle of balance of interests in copyright law is the basic principle of copyright law. The protection of personal rights in network works involves many aspects. In order to protect the personal rights of network works, we must implement the principle of balance of interests in copyright law. While protecting the personal rights of network works, we should restrict the personal rights of authors from various aspects and angles. Classified protection and restriction of copyright and the establishment of limited relinquishment of copyright based on knowledge sharing licensing agreement are a useful choice to solve the above problems and meet the challenges of network technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D923.41
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