本文選題：民間文學(xué)藝術(shù) + 知識產(chǎn)權(quán)��； 參考：《東北財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著世界經(jīng)濟的飛速發(fā)展,經(jīng)濟全球化,信息全球化在短時間內(nèi)席卷神州大地,人們也開始逐漸認(rèn)識到對信息技術(shù)等高科技產(chǎn)品的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)至關(guān)重要,但經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的同時,人們也容易忽略了對傳統(tǒng)文化的保護(hù),尤其是對民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的保護(hù),最終導(dǎo)致民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)在傳播與發(fā)展的過程中被歪曲、濫用。但是近年來,隨著知識經(jīng)濟時代的到來,更多的人也開始逐漸認(rèn)識到傳統(tǒng)文化對現(xiàn)代社會發(fā)展的影響力,民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作為傳統(tǒng)文化的重要組成部分,對于它的保護(hù)也逐漸被各個國家以及國際組織列入了重要會議的討論事項。但由于其存在的特殊性,時至今日,國際上仍然沒有對民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的保護(hù)問題達(dá)成一致意見,發(fā)展中國家與發(fā)達(dá)國家在此問題上也難以達(dá)成共識。就我國來說,對民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的內(nèi)涵不了解,法律關(guān)系模糊不清,立法的不完善以及相關(guān)法律制度的嚴(yán)重欠缺是目前亟需解決的重要問題。 本文除引言和結(jié)語外,正文共分為六章。從民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的概念入手,以詞源為切入點,深入剖析了民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)到底是什么,并對其所包含的類型進(jìn)行了列舉,與相似概念進(jìn)行了辨析,充分闡釋了民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)與民俗,傳統(tǒng)知識,非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)以及傳統(tǒng)科學(xué)工藝的不同之處。接著對民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的特征進(jìn)行了相關(guān)闡述,使我們對民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的內(nèi)涵有了一個更加清晰的了解。接下來在對民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)的權(quán)利主體,權(quán)利客體,權(quán)利內(nèi)容進(jìn)行分析之前,本文首先從公權(quán)與私權(quán)的劃分角度來對民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)相關(guān)權(quán)益的特性進(jìn)行了分析,明確了民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的相關(guān)權(quán)益具有私權(quán)屬性,繼而通過民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的相關(guān)權(quán)益與私權(quán)里的物權(quán),股權(quán),知識產(chǎn)權(quán)作對比,明確了民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的相關(guān)權(quán)益不能劃入物權(quán)與股權(quán)的范疇,而應(yīng)該將其相關(guān)權(quán)益列入知識產(chǎn)權(quán)范疇,應(yīng)在知識產(chǎn)權(quán)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)從法律關(guān)系,即權(quán)利主體,權(quán)利客體,權(quán)利內(nèi)容三個方面來論述民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)。在權(quán)利主體部分,本文首先對世界各國的立法中針對民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的權(quán)利主體的規(guī)定進(jìn)行了歷史考察,論述了世界各國對該問題的不同法律規(guī)定,接著闡述了民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)權(quán)利主體的特殊性,最后對國家和個人作為權(quán)利主體的不適當(dāng)性進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)分析,對群體作為權(quán)利主體的適當(dāng)性進(jìn)行了深入論述。在權(quán)利客體部分,本文首先從內(nèi)涵和外延兩個方面分別對民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的權(quán)利客體進(jìn)行了論述,接著闡述了民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)權(quán)利客體具有群體性,地域性,時代性以及變異性的特征,使我們對該權(quán)利客體有了更為清晰的了解,最后根據(jù)世界知識產(chǎn)權(quán)組織的最新法律文件《保護(hù)民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)草案》,分析了民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)權(quán)利客體的類別,進(jìn)一步確定了民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的保護(hù)范圍。在權(quán)利內(nèi)容部分,本文從民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的人身權(quán)利和財產(chǎn)權(quán)利兩個方面,論述了民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)的權(quán)利內(nèi)容,并對財產(chǎn)權(quán)利的使用方面進(jìn)行了相關(guān)闡述,更加明確的表明了民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的權(quán)利主體所能享有的權(quán)利以及受有的利益。最后,針對全文的論述,筆者專門提出了我國民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)的立法構(gòu)想,在此部分,首先對我國民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)保護(hù)的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了簡單闡述,然后從公法與私法的劃分角度以及法理學(xué)的角度,具體分析了民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的相關(guān)權(quán)益不僅因為具有知識產(chǎn)權(quán)屬性而應(yīng)該受到知識產(chǎn)權(quán)法的調(diào)整,而且基于創(chuàng)造民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的群體與其他組織或者個人在傳播,發(fā)展,改進(jìn)民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的過程中所產(chǎn)生的利益關(guān)系也是符合知識產(chǎn)權(quán)法的調(diào)整范圍,理應(yīng)列入知識產(chǎn)權(quán)法的保護(hù)體系。接著從現(xiàn)有著作權(quán)法,商標(biāo)法,專利法的內(nèi)容出發(fā),論證了這三部法律在內(nèi)容上針對民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的保護(hù)存在著嚴(yán)重的不足之處,且很難對其進(jìn)行相應(yīng)補充,據(jù)此說明了我國需要在知識產(chǎn)權(quán)體系內(nèi)制定一部專門的、系統(tǒng)的,集各種特殊權(quán)利為一體的專門法來保護(hù)民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的知識產(chǎn)權(quán),以期能夠達(dá)到全面完善的保護(hù)民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)的目的,在文章的最后,筆者還對該專門立法的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了設(shè)計,提出了自己的建議。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the world economy, the economic globalization and the information globalization sweeping the Shenzhou land in a short time, people are beginning to realize that the protection of the intellectual property rights of the high-tech products such as information technology is very important, but at the same time, people easily ignore the protection of the traditional culture, especially the folk literature. With the advent of the era of knowledge economy, more and more people have begun to realize the influence of traditional culture on the development of modern society, and the protection of folk literature and art as an important part of the traditional culture, and the protection of it in recent years. It is also gradually included in the discussion of important conferences by various countries and international organizations. However, because of the particularity of their existence, there is still no agreement on the protection of folk literature and art in the world today, and it is difficult for developing countries and developed countries to reach consensus on this issue. Ignorance of the connotation of art, unclear legal relationship, imperfect legislation and serious lack of relevant legal system are important problems to be solved at present.
In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the text is divided into six chapters. Starting with the concept of folk literature and art and taking the etymology as the breakthrough point, the paper deeply analyses what the folk literature and art are, and enumerates the types of folk literature and the similar concepts, and fully explains the folk literature and art and folk custom, the traditional knowledge and the nonmaterial. The differences between the cultural heritage and the traditional science and technology. Then the characteristics of the folk literature and art are expounded, so that we have a clearer understanding of the connotation of the folk literature and art. The article first analyzes the characteristics of the rights and interests of folk literature and art from the angle of the division of public power and private right, and makes clear that the related rights and interests of folk literature and art have the property of private rights, and then the relevant rights of folk literature and art are clearly defined through the related rights and interests of folk literature and art and the property rights of private rights, equity and knowledge production rights. In the field of intellectual property, the protection of intellectual property rights of folk literature and art should be discussed from three aspects of legal relations, namely, the subject of rights, the object of right and the content of rights. In the main part of the right and interest, this article is first to the legislation of all countries in the world. This paper makes a historical investigation on the provisions of the subject of the rights of folk literature and art, expounds the different legal provisions of the world to the problem, then expounds the particularity of the subject of the right of folk literature and art, and finally analyzes the inappropriate nature of the state and individual as the subject of rights, and the appropriate body of the group as the right subject. In the part of the right object, this article first discusses the rights object of folk literature and art from two aspects of connotation and extension, and then expounds that the object of the right of folk literature and art has the characteristics of group, territoriality, epochal and variability, which makes us more clear to the object of this right. In the end, according to the latest legal document of the world intellectual property organization, the protection of the draft of folk literature and art, the category of the object of the right of folk literature and art is analyzed, and the scope of the protection of the folk literature and art is further confirmed. In the part of the right content, this article discusses the two aspects of the personal rights and property rights of the folk literature art. The right content of intellectual property protection of folk literature and art, and the related exposition of the use of property rights, more clearly shows the rights that the rights subject of folk literature and art can enjoy and the benefits. Finally, in view of the full text, the author specially proposed the intellectual property protection of Chinese folk literature and art. In this part, the present situation of the protection of Chinese folk literature and art is briefly expounded in this part. Then, from the angle of the division of public law and private law and the angle of jurisprudence, the relevant rights and interests of folk literature and art are analyzed not only because of the ownership of intellectual property but also by the adjustment of intellectual property law. In the process of spreading, developing, and improving folk literature and art, the interests of the group and other organizations or individuals who create folk literature and art are also in conformity with the scope of intellectual property law, and should be included in the protection system of intellectual property law. Then, the contents of the existing copyright law, trademark law and patent law are discussed. The three laws have serious deficiencies in the protection of folk literature and art in content, and it is difficult to supplement them. Accordingly, it is explained that our country needs to establish a special, systematic and special law to protect the intellectual property of folk literature and art in the intellectual property system, with a view to the protection of intellectual property of folk literature and art. In the end of the article, the author also designed the content of the special legislation and put forward his own suggestions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D923.41

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