本文選題：網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境 + 出版者�。� 參考：《西南財經(jīng)大學》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】：在歷史長河中,出版者對人類文明的傳承作出了重大貢獻,是連接作者與讀者的重要橋梁,出版者對繁榮我國的出版事業(yè),促進社會主義精神文明建設(shè)和物質(zhì)文明建設(shè)做出了巨大貢獻。 雖然作者因其作品的獨創(chuàng)性所產(chǎn)生的權(quán)利才是著作權(quán)法中各項權(quán)利的源泉,但出版者在作品傳播過程中付出了大量的資金和勞動,并承擔了絕大部分商業(yè)風險,故對其出版的作品享有一系列權(quán)利也是順理成章之事。出版者所享有的這些權(quán)利,亦應(yīng)受到重視和保護,由此而產(chǎn)生的法律關(guān)系受著作權(quán)法的調(diào)整。專有出版權(quán)是出版者通過與著作權(quán)人簽訂出版某一作品的合同而享有的專有使用權(quán)。它是出版者經(jīng)作者或版權(quán)所有人許可使用的版權(quán)出版權(quán)的獨占許可使用權(quán),是出版權(quán)中的一種特殊類型。出版業(yè)是一個投資大、風險高的行業(yè),法律賦予出版者專有出版權(quán),是對出版者的保護與鼓勵,其實質(zhì)在于保護出版者的經(jīng)濟利益。 著作權(quán)法是平衡和保護作者、出版者、知識消費者三方權(quán)益的準則和武器。我國現(xiàn)行《著作權(quán)法》是我國知識產(chǎn)權(quán)法律體系的重要組成部分,它涉及對作者即著作權(quán)人的法律保護和對作品的傳播者即出版者的法律保護,二者不可偏廢�！吨腥A人民共和國著作權(quán)法》、《中華人民共和國著作權(quán)法實施細則》、《出版物市場管理規(guī)定》、《出版管理條理》等法律法規(guī)對出版者的設(shè)立、出版者專有出版權(quán)的保護等均作了相應(yīng)的規(guī)定。對專有出版權(quán),我國《著作權(quán)法》第二十九條規(guī)定,圖書出版者出版圖書應(yīng)當和著作權(quán)人訂立出版合同,并支付報酬。第三十條規(guī)定,圖書出版者對著作權(quán)人交付出版的作品,按照合同約定享有的專有出版權(quán)受法律保護,他人不得出版該作品。另外,我國《著作權(quán)法實施條例》規(guī)定,圖書出版合同中約定圖書出版者享有專有出版權(quán)但沒有明確其具體內(nèi)容的,視為圖書出版者享有在合同有效期限內(nèi)和在合同約定的地域范圍內(nèi)以同種文字的原版、修訂版出版圖書的專有權(quán)利。 隨著社會和科技的發(fā)展,網(wǎng)絡(luò)成為人們學習、生活和娛樂必不可少的一部分。網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的發(fā)展也催生了很多新的產(chǎn)業(yè),作為文化產(chǎn)業(yè)中一個重要組成部分的出版業(yè)——網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版業(yè)誕生了,傳統(tǒng)意義上的出版觀念與出版行為受到?jīng)_擊,網(wǎng)絡(luò)的全球性、開放性、交互性、虛擬性使出版者專有出版權(quán)也面臨從未有過的困惑,從“榕樹下”訴中國社會出版社侵權(quán)案到谷歌侵權(quán)案,對出版者專有出版權(quán)的保護與行使的案例呈不斷上升和多樣化趨勢,都給我們提出,網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下如何確立和保護出版者的專有出版權(quán)的問題,而我國《著作權(quán)法》關(guān)于出版者權(quán)利之規(guī)定對出版者專有出版權(quán)的法律保護顯然是不夠的。 本文擬從探討我國出版者專有出版權(quán)法律規(guī)定入手,結(jié)合實際案例,進行相關(guān)的法律問題研究,在總結(jié)現(xiàn)有法律法規(guī)的基礎(chǔ)上對出版者專有出版權(quán)的主體范圍及管理、出版者專有出版權(quán)客體、內(nèi)容等方面進行了探討。認為,在網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下：(1)出版者專有出版權(quán)主體模糊。根據(jù)我國現(xiàn)有法律法規(guī)規(guī)定,出版單位包括報社、期刊社、圖書出版社、音像出版社和電子出版物出版社等,自然人和非出版單位都不能成為出版者權(quán)利主體。隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)的快速發(fā)展,出現(xiàn)了以互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為載體的出版形式,我國《互聯(lián)網(wǎng)出版管理暫行規(guī)定》將網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版的主體規(guī)定為經(jīng)新聞出版行政部門和電信管理機構(gòu)批準,從事互聯(lián)網(wǎng)出版業(yè)務(wù)的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息服務(wù)提供者即互聯(lián)網(wǎng)出版機構(gòu)�？梢钥闯�,我國對網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版的主體沿用了審批制度,但《互聯(lián)網(wǎng)出版管理暫行規(guī)定》顯得粗泛而缺乏可操作性,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)出版機構(gòu)就其性質(zhì)而言,更多的仍像是合法的商業(yè)實體,同經(jīng)過重重審查后才得以成立的出版單位有著很大的區(qū)別,其所享有的權(quán)利和應(yīng)承擔的義務(wù)也相差甚遠,專有出版權(quán)主體在網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下顯得模糊不清。(2)出版者專有出版權(quán)客體模糊。出版社通過對圖書的出版,通過合同約定的形式享有著作權(quán)人授予的圖書專有出版權(quán),即由于圖書專有出版權(quán)的行使帶來的經(jīng)濟利益。這是對出版社在傳播圖書時進行投入的回報,是圖書形成商品產(chǎn)生利益在一定時間、地域內(nèi),在著作權(quán)人和出版者之間的利益分配與平衡,他人要經(jīng)過出版者和著作權(quán)人雙方的同意才能出版這類版本。在這里,出版者權(quán)的客體表現(xiàn)為出版者所出版的圖書,其客體所搭乘的載體都是有形的。網(wǎng)絡(luò)時代,E-book應(yīng)運而生,其本身的版權(quán)問題引起了廣泛的討論,其作品也具有交叉性、多樣性,這讓專有出版權(quán)的客體變得愈加復(fù)雜而模糊。(3)出版者專有出版權(quán)內(nèi)容規(guī)定模糊。專有出版權(quán)具有地域性、時間性、出版形式要素。我們說網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版也是一種出版行為,網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版出現(xiàn)以后,基于其全球性、開放性、交互性、虛擬性的特點,使專有出版權(quán)面臨從未有過的困惑。網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下,電子圖書出現(xiàn)并迅速發(fā)展,對專有出版權(quán)的內(nèi)涵和歸屬問題也產(chǎn)生了爭議,包括：①已出版圖書因數(shù)字化(即有平面載體的圖書)而產(chǎn)生的e-book專有出版權(quán)問題；②沒有平面載體的、純粹的電子圖書(在我國目前,嚴格說來稱之為作品更合適)的專有出版權(quán)問題。(4)出版者專有出版權(quán)法律缺位,包括：授權(quán)方式不明確,侵權(quán)認定不合理,對侵犯專有出版權(quán)的行為未規(guī)定法定賠償額等。筆者通過比較域外關(guān)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下出版者專有出版權(quán)的規(guī)定,提出在網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下：(1)出版者主體范圍應(yīng)進一步明確和規(guī)范,以搭建合理的出版平臺,進一步改善目前我國知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護略顯混亂的狀況；(2)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下,充分考慮各方利益,分別對傳統(tǒng)出版者、網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版者的專有出版權(quán)給予相應(yīng)的設(shè)定和保護,將傳統(tǒng)出版者與網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版者的專有出版權(quán)分離開來,權(quán)利人在授權(quán)出版作品的時候,在合同中明確規(guī)定其授權(quán)的載體類型。合同中未作出明確規(guī)定的,則視為未授權(quán)。這樣,也讓網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下專有出版權(quán)問題變得相對簡單和便于管理,從而更有效地保護作者、出版者和讀者的權(quán)益,促進網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版與傳統(tǒng)出版業(yè)的共同發(fā)展。(3)構(gòu)建新型版權(quán)授權(quán)模式,借鑒“授權(quán)要約”的方式進行出版,充分保護作者和出版者的權(quán)利,促進作品的傳播。在圖書中包含權(quán)利人版權(quán)聲明,權(quán)利人在自愿的基礎(chǔ)上以要約方式規(guī)定公眾能以何種條件、何種方式使用本作品,任何個人或機構(gòu)只要愿意接受該條件即可自動達成與權(quán)利人的合同關(guān)系,根據(jù)該合同獲得權(quán)利人授權(quán),并按照約定的方式合法使用本作品。這一方式使出版者與權(quán)利人之間不必一對一地洽談,極大地降低了交易成本,有效解決了傳統(tǒng)版權(quán)交易模式高成本的問題。在網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下,更便于使用者與作者之間達成協(xié)議,平衡了傳統(tǒng)紙質(zhì)出版商與網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司之間的利益又方便作品更廣泛地傳播。(4)結(jié)合我國出版業(yè)的實際情況及網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)展趨勢,呼吁立法者完善侵權(quán)認定標準,補充出版物實質(zhì)侵害認定原則,準確合理地認定侵犯出版者專有出版權(quán)的行為。(5)進一步細化侵權(quán)賠償制度,增加侵權(quán)法定賠償制度,切實保護出版者專有出版權(quán),在侵權(quán)人因侵權(quán)的獲利額與被侵權(quán)人的實際損失額無從計算時仍能獲得相應(yīng)的保護,改變權(quán)利人因最終獲得的侵權(quán)損害賠償偏低甚至得不償失的狀況,從而提高出版者維權(quán)的積極性,有效遏制在網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下愈演愈烈的侵權(quán)行為。 通過探討,希望能夠更好地為作者與讀者搭建平臺,以求在網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下,既保障出版者的利益、保障作者的財產(chǎn)和人身權(quán)益,又使社會公眾從作品中受益。
[Abstract]:In the history of history, the publisher has made a great contribution to the inheritance of human civilization. It is an important bridge to connect the author and the reader. The publisher has made great contributions to the prosperity of China's publishing, the promotion of socialist spiritual civilization and the construction of material civilization.
Although the author's right is the source of various rights in the copyright law, the publisher has paid a great deal of money and labor in the process of spreading the work, and has undertaken most of the commercial risks. Therefore, the publishers enjoy a series of rights, which publishers enjoy. Some rights should also be attached to and protected, and the legal relations arising therefrom are regulated by the copyright law. Exclusive copyright is the exclusive right to use the copyright of a publisher by signing a contract with the copyright owner. It is the exclusive right to use copyright by the publisher by the copyright owner or the copyright owner. The publishing industry is a special type of publishing right. The publishing industry is an industry with high investment and high risk. The law gives publishers the exclusive rights of copyright. It is the protection and encouragement to publishers. The essence of this is to protect the publishers' economic interests.
Copyright law is the criterion and weapon to balance and protect the rights and interests of the three party of the author, publisher and knowledge consumer. The current copyright law of China is an important part of the legal system of intellectual property rights in China. It involves the legal protection of the author, the copyright owner, and the legal protection of the publisher of the publisher. < < The copyright law of the people's Republic of China, the rules for the implementation of the copyright law of the People's Republic of China, the regulations on the management of publications, the regulations of the publication management, and other laws and regulations on the establishment of publishers and the protection of copyright for publishers. For the exclusive copyright, the copyright law of China has twenty-ninth provisions, and the books are out of the book. The publication book of the publisher shall enter into a publishing contract with the copyright owner and pay the remuneration. The thirtieth article stipulates that the publisher of the book publisher delivers the published works to the copyright owner, and the exclusive publishing right under the contract is protected by law. Others may not publish the work. In addition, China's copyright law enforcement regulations stipulate that the book publishing contract is stipulated in the book publishing contract. It is considered that the publisher of a book publisher has the exclusive right to publish books in the same term within the term of validity of the contract and within the geographical scope stipulated in the contract.
With the development of society and science and technology, the network has become an indispensable part of people's learning, life and entertainment. The development of network technology has also produced a lot of new industries. As an important part of the cultural industry, the publishing industry is born, and the traditional meaning of the concept of publishing and publishing is impacted. The global, open, interactivity and virtual nature of the collaterals make the publisher's exclusive publishing right face the confusion. From the "fig tree" to the infringement case of the Chinese social press to the Google infringement case, the case of the copyright protection and exercise of the publishers' exclusive rights is rising and diversifying, which are given to us in the network environment, such as How to establish and protect the copyright of publishers, and the copyright law of our country is obviously not enough to protect the publisher's exclusive copyright.
This paper, starting with the study of the copyright law of the publishers of our country, combines with the actual cases, studies the relevant legal issues. On the basis of summarizing the existing laws and regulations, the author discusses the subject scope and management of the publisher's exclusive copyright, the object of publisher's exclusive publishing right, and the internal capacity, and thinks that it is under the network environment. (1) the publisher's exclusive copyright subject is blurred. According to the existing laws and regulations of our country, the publishing units include newspapers, periodicals, books and publishing houses, audio and video publishing houses and electronic publications publishing houses. Both natural and non publishing units can not be the rights subject of publishers. With the rapid development of the network, the Internet is the carrier. In the form of publication, the Provisional Regulations on Internet publishing management in China stipulate the subject of the Internet publishing as the provider of Internet information services that are engaged in the Internet publishing business, approved by the administrative departments of the press and publishing and the telecommunications management agencies, and the Internet publishing institutions. The Interim Regulations of the Internet publishing management are rough and lack of maneuverability. In terms of their nature, the Internet publishers are still more like legal commercial entities, which are very different from the publishing units that have been set up after a lot of censorship. The rights of the Internet publishing institutions are very different from the obligations they should undertake. The subject is blurred under the network environment. (2) the publisher's exclusive publishing right is blurred. By publishing the books, the publishers enjoy the exclusive copyright of the books granted by the copyright owners through the contract agreement, that is, the economic benefits brought by the exercise of the exclusive copyright of the books. The return of the entry is the distribution and balance of interests between the copyright and the publisher in a certain time, in the region, and by the publisher and the copyright owner to publish this kind of version. Here, the object of the publisher's object is the book published by the publisher and the object of the publication. All the carriers are tangible. In the era of network, E-book came into being. Its copyright issue has been widely discussed, and its works also have intersecting and diversity, which makes the exclusive copyright object become more complex and fuzzy. (3) the publisher's exclusive copyright content is defined. The exclusive publishing right has regional, temporal, and publishing forms. We say that network publishing is also a kind of publishing behavior. After the emergence of network publishing, based on its global, open, interactive and virtual characteristics, the exclusive publishing right has never been puzzled. The emergence and rapid development of electronic books in the network environment have also been disputed, including the connotation and ownership of copyright. : (1) e-book exclusive copyright issues arising from digitization of books (that is, books with planar carriers); (2) exclusive copyright issues without a plane carrier, pure electronic books (in our country now, strictly speaking for works). (4) the publisher's exclusive copyright law is absent, including: the way of authorization is not clear. The infringement is not reasonable, and the legal compensation amount is not stipulated for the infringement of the exclusive copyright. By comparing the foreign publishers' exclusive copyright regulations under the network environment, the author puts forward in the network environment: (1) the publisher's subject scope should be further defined and standardized to build a reasonable Publishing platform and further improve the present I The protection of intellectual property rights in China is slightly confused; (2) under the network environment, the exclusive publishing rights of the traditional publishers and the network publishers are given and protected respectively in consideration of the interests of the parties, and the exclusive publishing rights of the traditional publishers and the publishers of the network are separated, and the rights holders are in the contract when they authorize the publication of the works. In the contract, the type of carrier is clearly defined. The unexplicitly stipulated in the contract is considered unauthorized. In this way, the copyright issues are relatively simple and easy to manage under the network environment, so as to protect the rights and interests of the authors, publishers and readers more effectively, and promote the common development of network publishing and traditional publishing. (3) Gou Jianxin The mode of copyright authorization is to be published in the way of "authorized offer", to fully protect the rights of the author and publisher and to promote the dissemination of the works. In the book, the rights holder's copyright declaration is included, and the right holder stipulates, on the basis of voluntariness, what conditions the public can use, and the way the work is used, any individual or institution only. In order to accept the condition, it can automatically reach the contractual relationship with the right holder, obtain the authorization by the right holder according to the contract, and legally use the work according to the agreed way. This way makes the publisher and the right holder do not have to negotiate one to one, greatly reduces the transaction cost and effectively solves the high cost of the traditional copyright trading model. In the network environment, it is easier to reach agreement between the user and the author, balance the interests between the traditional paper publisher and the network company and facilitate the wider dissemination of the works. (4) combining the actual situation of China's publishing industry and the development trend of the network, the legislator is appealed to perfect the tort identification standard and supplement the substantive infringement of the publication. Cognizance principle, accurate and reasonable cognizance of copyright infringement of publisher. (5) further refine the tort compensation system, increase the legal compensation system of tort, protect the publisher's exclusive copyright, and can still obtain corresponding protection and change right when the infringer is unable to calculate the amount of the infringer's profit and the actual loss of the infringed. The benefit of the Leiter is low or even in the case of the loss of compensation, which will improve the activist of the rights of the publisher and effectively curb the more and more torts in the network environment.
Through the discussion, we hope to build a better platform for the authors and readers in order to ensure the interests of the publishers, the property and the personal rights and interests of the authors in the network environment, and to benefit the public from the work.

【學位授予單位】：西南財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D923.41

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