半邊蓮屬(Lobelia)屬于桔梗科,半邊蓮亞科。該屬有超過415個(gè)物種,世界范圍內(nèi)廣泛分布；熱帶東非地區(qū)分布有該屬49個(gè)物種,是其分布與物種多樣性中心之一：一些類群為小草本,一些為巨大蓮座狀。半邊蓮屬在熱帶東非地區(qū)的分布大約始于1000萬年前,因此其經(jīng)歷了第四季冰期時(shí)期(280萬年前)的氣候波動(dòng)。了解半邊蓮屬的分布并鑒定其可能的冰期避難所對于該屬物種的保護(hù)具有重要意義。本論文的目的是探討半邊蓮屬在熱帶東非地區(qū)的分布和第四季氣候波動(dòng)對該屬的影響。整篇論文分為兩部分：(1)半邊蓮屬的生態(tài)偏好和在東非地區(qū)的居群分布格局；(2)東非高山物種Lobelia telekii的譜系地理和遺傳多樣性。為了全面理解半邊蓮屬植物在東非的不同生境,我們首先查找文獻(xiàn)獲得了該屬在熱帶東非的所有生境信息,然后結(jié)合譜系地理、系統(tǒng)發(fā)育方面的研究報(bào)道、內(nèi)羅畢標(biāo)本館所保存的標(biāo)本信息、古環(huán)境信息、我們的野外考察,最終得到了半邊蓮屬在東非六個(gè)植被地區(qū)的分布格局。根據(jù)物種分布海拔和生境,重點(diǎn)調(diào)查了一些物種。結(jié)果表明根據(jù)其不同的地形地貌,可將半邊蓮屬的分布分為低海拔生境和高山生境；該屬呈現(xiàn)出高度本地化,并廣泛分布于熱帶東非各個(gè)... 

【文章來源】：中國科學(xué)院大學(xué)(中國科學(xué)院武漢植物園)湖北省

【文章頁數(shù)】：75 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
    1.1 General Introduction
        1.1.1 Background review: History and species distribution
    1.2 Pleistocene epoch climatic oscillations
    1.3 The development of molecular genetics techniques
    1.4 Research Objective
2 The Genus Lobelia, ecological preferences and their Population distribution patterns in Tropical EastAfrican countries
    2.1 Introduction and Literature review
        2.1.1 Lobelia species distribution in the Flora of Tropical East Africa （F. T.E.A） vegetation regions
        2.1.2 Lobelia （family campanulaceae sub family lobeliodeae）
    2.2 Materials and Methods
        2.2.1 Field work for phylogeographic distribution
    2.3 Results
        2.3.1 Lobelia distribution patterns in T.E.A countries
        2.3.2 East Africa Vegetation regions and Lobelia species ecological preferences
    2.4 Discussion
        2.4.1 East Africa Lobelia species diversity in six major vegetation regions
        2.4.2 East Africa Mountain biome as a center for giant Lobelia's hotspot and refugia
        2.4.3 Threat to Afro Mountain Lobelia habitat
    2.5 Conclusion
3 Phylogeographic Structure and Genetic differentiation of Lobelia telekiischweinf （Campanulaceae） inAlpine Flora of Tropical East African Mountains
    3.1 Introduction and Literature review
    3.2 Material and methods
        3.2.1 Altitudinal population sampling
        3.2.2 DNA extraction,polymerase chain reaction and sequencing
    3.3 Data analysis
        3.3.1 Genealogical and Phylogeographic structure
        3.3.2 Divergence time estimations
    3.4 Results
        3.4.1 Genealogical and Phylogeographic structure
        3.4.2 Chloroplast phylogeny and divergence times
        3.4.3 Demographic expansions tests by cpDNA
        3.4.4 Nuclear DNA sequences
    3.5 Discussion
        3.5.1 Afro-alpine quaternary climatic instability and range shift
        3.5.2 Survival in distinct Mountains alpine refugia
        3.5.3 Haplotypes phylogeographic relationship
        3.5.4 Chlorotypes phylogenetic divergence
        3.5.5 Demographic history
    3.6 Conclusion
4 Prospective
5 REFERENCES
作者簡介及在學(xué)期間發(fā)表的學(xué)術(shù)論文與研究成果
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS


【參考文獻(xiàn)】：
期刊論文
[1]Phylogeography of Haplocarpha rueppelii(Asteraceae) suggests a potential geographic barrier for plant dispersal and gene flow in East Africa[J]. Ling-Yun Chen,John K.Muchuku,Xue Yan,Guang-Wan Hu,Qing-Feng Wang.  Science Bulletin. 2015(13)



本文編號：2920494