生物質(zhì)能因其可再生性和可持續(xù)性的特點,近年來引起了廣泛關注,并有望在未來替代化石能源。生物油是生物質(zhì)熱解獲得的石油狀液體產(chǎn)物,但是其熱穩(wěn)定性差、酸性和腐蝕性較強、氧含量和水含量較高,因此需要通過改性提質(zhì)等手段,改善其理化性質(zhì),使其能夠用作燃料或進一步煉制。通過酯化反應,生物油中的有機酸和醇類或酚類可以發(fā)生反應,進而達到提質(zhì)的目的。從該角度出發(fā),本文將乙酸和苯酚作為生物油模型化合物,以甲苯為溶劑,探究了三種分子篩催化劑:H-Beta（Si/Al=25）、H-USY（Si/Al=11）、H-Y（Si/Al=5.4）對酯化反應的催化效果。通過氣體吸附技術（BET）、X射線衍射（XRD）和NH₃程序升溫脫附（NH₃-TPD）對催化劑進行了表征。實驗結(jié)果表明H-Beta對該酯化反應催化效果最好,乙酸轉(zhuǎn)化率為100%,目標產(chǎn)物乙酸苯酯的收率為49.07%。H-Y 5.4和H-USY 11活性較低的原因可能是由于硅鋁比較低,導致分子篩表面更容易吸附水而失活。通過優(yōu)化反應,獲得了催化劑用量、反應物摩爾比、反應時間和反應溫度等因素對反應的影響。本實驗對生物油催... 

【文章來源】：天津大學天津市 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：69 頁

【學位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
abstract
Chapter Ⅰ Literature Review
    1.1 Biomass Pyrolysis Oil
        1.1.1Energy crisis and environmental issues
        1.1.2 Biomass Energy and its development implications
        1.1.3 The introduction of Biomass Pyrolysis Oil
        1.1.4 Biomass pyrolysis oil composition and physical and chemical properties
        1.1.5 Fast Pyrolysis Oil as an Energy Carrier
    1.2 Upgrading of Biomass Pyrolysis Oil
        1.2.1 Physical and non-catalytical upgrading of bio-oil
        1.2.2 Chemically and catalytical upgrading bio-oil
    1.3 Catalytic Upgrading of Pyrolysis-oils by Esterification
        1.3.1 Solid acid catalysts for bio-oil esterification
        1.3.2 Pyrolysis oil esterification catalysed by zeolites
    1.4 Thesis Ideas and Content
Chapter Ⅱ Experimental apparatus and method
    2.1 Experimental Materials
    2.2 Experimental Apparatus
    2.3 Experimental steps
        2.3.1 Catalysts
        2.3.2 Experimental and Procedures
    2.4 Analysis and calculation of experimental results
        2.4.1 Gas chromatographic
        2.4.2 Qualitative analysis of products
        2.4.3 Quantitively analysis of products
    2.5 Characterization techniques
        2.5.1 X-ray diffraction
        2.5.2 BET analysis
        2.5.3 NH_3-temperature programmed desorption
Chapter Ⅲ Results and Discussion
    3.1 Physical and chemical properties of different zeolites
        3.1.1 XRD Characterization:
        3.1.2 BET Characterization
        3.1.3 NH_3-Temperature programmed desorption characteristic
    3.2 The comparison of catalytic activity of different zeolite
    3.3 Influence of catalyst amount
    3.4 Influence of reaction temperature
    3.5 Influence of molar ratio of the reactants
    3.6 Influence of reaction time:
Chapter Ⅳ Conclusion
References
Published Papers and Scientific Research Took Part in
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS


【參考文獻】：
期刊論文
[1]生物質(zhì)熱解動力學的研究[J]. 蔣劍春,沈兆邦.  林產(chǎn)化學與工業(yè). 2003(04)



本文編號：3256338