原油與水形成的乳液存在于原油工業(yè)開采及后處理的各個階段。煉油階段的第一步即需要將油與水和其他的雜質(zhì)如沙子和油泥等分離。盡管原油破乳在生產(chǎn)中非常重要,然而到目前為止破乳的方法很有限。由于各地的原油品質(zhì)差異很大,導(dǎo)致對于原油/水乳液的形成、表征以及破乳過程的監(jiān)測等研究存在很大困難。因此,研制廣譜的破乳劑非常困難。隨著多數(shù)油田進入二次采油的后期或進入三次采油期,每百噸采出液體中有近90噸水,因此,探索高效的油水分離方法備受科學(xué)界和工業(yè)界的關(guān)注�；诖�,我們設(shè)計合成了具有良好磁響應(yīng)性及界面活性的雙面、樹莓狀及核殼結(jié)構(gòu)的磁性復(fù)合粒子,旨在利用磁性粒子在油水界面的作用并輔以外磁場實現(xiàn)破乳的目的。本文在合成了系列磁性復(fù)合粒子的基礎(chǔ)上,對磁性復(fù)合納米粒子的結(jié)構(gòu)、磁性粒子同乳化油的混合條件、溫度以及原油的品質(zhì)對破乳效果的影響等進行了系統(tǒng)研究,結(jié)果表明所合成的幾種磁性復(fù)合納米粒子具有良好的界面活性、高的磁響應(yīng)性及破乳性能。論文的主要工作如下:首先,在水熱法制備的磁性納米粒子表面通過甲基丙烯酸縮水甘油脂（GMA）、甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）和二乙烯基苯（DVB）的沉淀聚合包覆得到具有核殼結(jié)構(gòu)的Fe_3... 

【文章來源】：西北工業(yè)大學(xué)陜西省 211工程院校 985工程院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：156 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
Chapter 1: Literature review
    1.1 Background
    1.2 Emulsion Systems
        1.2.1 Formation of water in oil emulsion
        1.2.2 Stability of water in oil emulsion
    1.3 Emulsion destabilization methods
        1.3.1 Chemical demulsification
        1.3.2 Thermal demulsification methods
        1.3.3 Electrical demulsification method
        1.3.4 Microfiltration demulsification method
            1.3.4.1 Microfiltration
            1.3.4.2 Ultrafiltration
            1.3.4.3 Hyperfiltration /reverse osmosis
            1.3.4.4 Mechanism of microfiltration
    1.4 Magnetic composite microspheres as demulsifier
        1.4.1 Magnetite
        1.4.2 Magnetic composite microspheres
    1.5 Problem statement
    1.6 Aims and objectives
3O₄@P（GMA-MMA-DVB） magnetic composite core-shell microspheres">Chapter 2: Fabrication, characterization and demulsification properties of amino modified Fe₃O₄@P（GMA-MMA-DVB） magnetic composite core-shell microspheres
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Experimental
        2.2.1 Materials
3O₄ nanoparticles">        2.2.2 Preparation of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles
3O₄@P（GMA-MMA-DVB） magnetic composite microspheres">        2.2.3 Synthesis of Fe₃O₄@P（GMA-MMA-DVB） magnetic composite microspheres
3O₄@P（GMA-MMA-DVB）">        2.2.4 Surface modification of Fe₃O₄@P（GMA-MMA-DVB）
        2.2.5 Recycle test
        2.2.6 Surface and interfacial tension of emulsion
        2.2.7 Characterization
    2.3 Results and discussion
        2.3.1 Morphology of magnetic composite core shell microspheres
3O₄@P（GMA-MMA-DVB）">        2.3.2 Surface modification of Fe₃O₄@P（GMA-MMA-DVB）
        2.3.3 Crystal structure of the synthesized magnetic materials
        2.3.4 Magnetic properties of the magnetic composite core-shell microspheres
        2.3.5 Interfacial properties of the magnetic composite core-shell microspheres
        2.3.6 Demulsification study of the magnetic composite core-shell microspheres
        2.3.7 Recycling
        2.3.8 Formation and application mechanism
    2.4 Conclusion
3O₄@P（MMA-AA-DVB） magnetic composite core-shell microspheres">Chapter 3: Preparation, characterization and demulsification properties of Fe₃O₄@P（MMA-AA-DVB） magnetic composite core-shell microspheres
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Experimental
        3.2.1 Materials
3O₄ microspheres">        3.2.2 Preparation and surface modification of Fe₃O₄ microspheres
        3.2.3 Synthesis and assembly of the magnetic composite core-shell microspheres
        3.2.4 Emulsion preparation
        3.2.5 Demulsification
        3.2.6 Recycle test
        3.2.7 Surface and interfacial tension of the emulsion
        3.2.8 Characterization
    3.3 Results and discussion
        3.3.1 Morphology and components of magnetic core-shell microspheres
        3.3.2 Magnetic properties of the magnetic core-shell microspheres°
        3.3.3 Interfacial properties of the magnetic composite core-shell microspheres
        3.3.4 Demulsification study
        3.3.5 Recycling
        3.3.6 Formation and application mechanism
    3.4 Conclusion
3O₄ Janus magnetic composite microspheres">Chapter 4: Fabrication, structure tailoring and demulsification properties of P（MMA-AA-DVB）/Fe₃O₄ Janus magnetic composite microspheres
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Experimental
        4.2.1 Materials
        4.2.2 Synthesis of P（MMA-AA-DVB） microspheres
3O₄ Janus magnetic microspheres">        4.2.3 Synthesis of P （MMA-AA-DVB）/Fe₃O₄ Janus magnetic microspheres
        4.2.4 Emulsion preparation
        4.2.5 Demulsification
        4.2.6 Recycle test
        4.2.7 Surface and interfacial tension of the emulsion
        4.2.8 Characterization
    4.3 Results and discussion
        4.3.1 Morphology and components of the microspheres
3O₄">        4.3.2 Magnetic properties of Janus like P（MMA-AA-DVB）/Fe₃O4

        4.3.3 Contact angle
        4.3.4 Formation mechanism
        4.3.5 Applications of Janus microspheres as a demulsifiers
            4.3.5.1 Demulsification efficiency of Janus microspheres
            4.3.5.2 Effect of Janus microspheres on the kinematic viscosity of emulsion
            4.3.5.3 Effect of Janus microspheres on oil/water interfacial film breaking
            4.3.5.4 Effect of temperature on the demulsification
            4.3.5.5 Effect of time on the demulsification
            4.3.5.6 Comparison of Janus microspheres with commercial demulsifiers
            4.3.5.7 Recycling
            4.3.5.8 Application mechanism
    4.4 Conclusion
3O₄ magnetic composite microspheres">Chapter 5: Fabrication, structure tailoring and demulsification properties of raspberry like P（MMA-AA-DVB）/Fe₃O₄ magnetic composite microspheres
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Experimental
        5.2.1 Materials
        5.2.2 Synthesis of magnetic composite microspheres
        5.2.3 Emulsion preparation
        5.2.4 Demulsification
        5.2.5 Recycle test
        5.2.6 Surface and interfacial tension of the emulsion
        5.2.7 Characterization
    5.3 Results and discussion
        5.3.1 Morphology of P（MMA-AA-DVB） microspheres
        5.3.2 Morphology and components of the magnetic composite microspheres
3O₄">        5.3.3 Magnetic properties of raspberry like P（MMA-AA-DVB）/Fe₃O₄

        5.3.4 Contact angle
        5.3.5 Interfacial properties of raspberry like microspheres
        5.3.6 Demulsification studies
        5.3.7 Effect of water phase content on demulsification
        5.3.8 The effect of the as-prepared microspheres on the kinematic viscosity
        5.3.9 Effect of the microspheres on oil/water interfacial film breaking
        5.3.10 Recycling test
        5.3.11 Formation and application mechanism
    5.4 Conclusion
Chapter 6: Conclusion
    6.1 Main conclusion
    6.2 Novelties
    6.3 Future research work
References
Acknowledgement
Published research papers


【參考文獻】：
期刊論文
[1]Key synthesis of magnetic Janus nanoparticles using a modified facile method[J]. Nisar Ali,Baoliang Zhang,Hepeng Zhang,Wajed Zaman,Wei Li,Qiuyu Zhang.  Particuology. 2014(06)
[2]Synthesis and characterization of magnetic polymer microspheres with a core-shell structure[J]. Ming Lu, Shu Bai, Kun Yang, Yan Sun Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.  China Particuology. 2007(Z1)



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