性選擇特征的進化既取決于所研究物種的內(nèi)在因素,也取決于促進或阻礙性征傳遞和感知的外在因素。為了了解受人類影響的生境的變化如何影響性選擇特征及其進化,本研究調(diào)查了已被報道的受工業(yè)廢水和居民廢水污染的河流,研究了不同污染程度的河流中的孔雀魚（Poecilia reticulata）的體色、色斑的演變。不同污染程度的孔雀魚的體形和大小也有差異。本研究測量了雄性的色斑,并量化了雄性色斑和雌性體色。正如此前所預(yù)測的那樣,檢測到被測雄性色斑種類、雄性色斑和雌性體色的明暗程度的差異,量化了雄性色斑和雌性背腹區(qū)域的某些漸變顏色的變化。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),水污染對雄魚和雌魚的藍色色斑的影響不同。生活在重污染環(huán)境中的雄性顏色變得更淺,而生活在重污染環(huán)境中的雌性則減弱了保護色,背部顏色更淺而腹部顏色更深。水環(huán)境污染對雄性和雌性身體大小的影響是相同的,對雄性和雌性體形的影響則略有差異。雄性孔雀魚和雌性孔雀魚不僅受水污染的影響不同,本研究還證明了雄性和雌性受其他環(huán)境因素的影響也不同。結(jié)合水污染對性選擇性狀和體色的影響以及環(huán)境脅迫反應(yīng)的規(guī)律,研究結(jié)果表明環(huán)境的改變促使了色斑的演變,并通過影響體色的生理過程改變了色斑和體色... 

【文章來源】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)陜西省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：64 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE.INTRODUCTION
    1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
    1.2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
    1.3 PREDICTION
    1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
CHAPTER TWO.MATERIALS AND METHODS
    2.1 STUDY AREA
    2.2 GEOGRAPHICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEASUREMENT
    2.3 MEASUREMENT AND QUANTIFICATION OF BODY COLORATION
    2.4 GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICS
    2.5 DATA ANALYSIS
        2.5.1 Water pollution
        2.5.2 Effects of water pollution on male color Patterns
        2.5.3 Effects of water pollution on male color pattern intensity
        2.5.4 Effects of water pollution on female body coloration
        2.5.5 Geometric morphology
CHAPTER THREE.RESULTS
    3.1 CHARACTERIZATION OF WATER POLLUTION ACROSS STUDY SITES
    3.2 EFFECTS OF POLLUTION ON MALE COLOR PATTERN DIVERGENCE
    3.3 EFFECTS OF POLLUTION ON MALE COLOR PATTERNS INTENSITY
    3.4 EFFECTS OF POLLUTION ON FEMALE BODY COLORATION INTENSITY
    3.5 EFFECTS OF POLLUTION ON BODY SIZE AND SHAPE DIVERGENCE
        3.5.1 Effects of pollution on male body size and shape divergence
        3.5.2 Effects of pollution on female body size and shape divergence
CHAPTER FOUR.DISCUSSION
    4.1 EFFECTS OF POLLUTION ON MALE COLOR PATTERN DIVERGENCE
    4.2 EFFECTS OF POLLUTION ON BODY COLORATION INTENSITY GRADIENT
    4.3 EFFECTS OF POLLUTION ON BODY SIZE AND SHAPE
CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABOUT THE AUTHOR



本文編號：3269429