土壤鹽漬化是嚴(yán)重影響全球農(nóng)業(yè)的主要環(huán)境因素之一,提高作物的耐鹽性已成為現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)亟待解決的問題。深入理解植物耐鹽的機(jī)制,鑒定和挖掘耐鹽基因有助于培育耐鹽植物新品種。鹽脅迫條件下轉(zhuǎn)錄組水平的研究對(duì)于揭示植物耐鹽機(jī)理具有十分重要的意義。天塔5是一代高產(chǎn)抗逆玉米雜交種。鹽脅迫條件下,生理生化分析表明,天塔5極耐鹽,其各項(xiàng)耐鹽及生理指標(biāo)均優(yōu)于其親本(母本HOO-108耐鹽、父本825鹽敏感)。為研究其雜種優(yōu)勢(shì)的耐鹽表現(xiàn)機(jī)制,本研究利用高通量測(cè)序技術(shù)對(duì)天塔5及其父母本進(jìn)行比較轉(zhuǎn)錄組學(xué)分析。結(jié)果表明,鹽脅迫條件下共檢測(cè)到26112個(gè)基因,其中5084個(gè)基因在天塔5及其父母本間差異表達(dá)。GO功能分析表明差異表達(dá)基因在細(xì)胞質(zhì)囊泡、有機(jī)酸生物合成和代謝、離子結(jié)合與跨膜轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)、氧化還原酶反應(yīng)等過程顯著富集。差異表達(dá)基因顯著富集的代謝通路主要有苯丙素生物合成、類黃酮生物合成、亞麻酸代謝以及植物-病原互作等。鑒于轉(zhuǎn)錄因子對(duì)基因表達(dá)調(diào)控的重要作用,本研究進(jìn)一步比較分析了耐鹽性具有顯著差異的兩個(gè)玉米品系(天塔5號(hào)和825)中所有轉(zhuǎn)錄因子的表達(dá)情況。一系列轉(zhuǎn)錄因子家族在玉米響應(yīng)鹽脅迫過程中具有不同的表達(dá)模式,包括N...

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：191 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE: LITTERATURE REVIEW
    1.1 Impact of salt stress in plants
        1.1.1 Effects of salt stress on plant growth
        1.1.2 Salinity and ionic toxicity
        1.1.3 Effects of salt stress on plant photosynthesis
        1.1.4 Salinity and oxidative stress
    1.2 Plants response to stress
    1.3 The regulation mechanism of plant response to stress
        1.3.1 Sensory mechanisms of salt stress and signal transduction
        1.3.2 Gene regulation of plants in response to salt stress
        1.3.3 Gene expression profiles of plant response to salt stress
    1.4 Biology of plant salt tolerance
        1.4.1 Halophytes and the natural mechanisms for salt tolerance
        1.4.2 Alters in plant hormone levels
        1.4.3 Accumulation of compatible solutes
    1.5 Heterosis and plant stress tolerance
        1.5.1 Heterosis
        1.5.2 Research progress of heterosis
        1.5.3 Maize stress tolerance and heterosis
    1.6 The research progress of L. Chinense
        1.6.1 Advance of research in L. Chinense
        1.6.2 L. Chinense and salt stress
        1.6.3 Carotenoids biosynthesis in plants
    1.7 Transcription factorsand regulation of genes expression
        1.7.1 NAC TFs
        1.7.2 bZIP TFs
        1.7.3 WRKY TFs
        1.7.4 MYB TFs
        1.7.5 bHLH TFs
        1.7.6 HSF TFs
    1.8 Research objective and significance of this thesis
        1.8.1 Comparative transcriptome analysis of maize Tianta5 and its parentsunder salt stress condition
        1.8.2 De novo transcriptome analysis of L. chinense and identification andcharacterization of important functional genes
CHAPTER TWO: COMPARATIVE TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS OFMAIZE RESPONSE TO SALT STRESS
    2.1 Materials and methods
        2.1.1 Maize materials
        2.1.2 Evaluation of salt tolerance of the maize varieties
        2.1.3 High throughput RNA sequencing
        2.1.4 Data processing and analysis
        2.1.5 Sequencing quality assessment
        2.1.6 Gene expression annotation
        2.1.7 Gene Ontology Functional Enrichment Analysis for DEGs
        2.1.8 KEGG Pathway analysis
        2.1.9 Quantitative real-time PCR Verification of the transcriptional data
    2.2 Results
        2.2.1 Evaluation of salt tolerance of Tianta5 and its inbred parents
        2.2.2 Sequencing quality assessment
        2.2.3 Transcriptome analysis of F1 hybrid and its parents
        2.2.4 Identification and Characterization of the DEGs
        2.2.5 Clustering analysis of the DEGs
        2.2.6 Gene Ontology Functional Enrichment Analysis for DEGs
        2.2.7 KEGG pathway analysis of DEGs
    2.3 Discussion
        2.3.1 Salt treatment
        2.3.2 Salt stress related GO terms analysis of the DEGs
        2.3.3 Salt stress related pathway analysis of these DEG
        2.3.4 Heterosis related genes analysis
    2.4 Summary
CHAPTER THREE: DE NOVO CHARACTERIZATION OF LYCIUMCHINENSE MILL. LEAF TRANSCRIPTOME
    3.1 Materials and methods
        3.1.1 Plant materials and RNA isolation
        3.1.2 Illumina sequencing and de novo assembly
        3.1.3 Sequence annotation
        3.1.4 Gene expression levels analysis
        3.1.5 Identification of TF genes in L.chinense
        3.1.6 Identification of L. chinense unigenes related to carotenoidbiosynthesis
        3.1.7 qRT-PCR analysis of L. chinense genes involved in carotenoidbiosynthesis
        3.1.8 Carotenoid extraction and HPLC
    3.2 Results
        3.2.1 Illumina sequencing and de novo assembly
        3.2.2 Annotation and classification of L. chinense unigenes
        3.2.3 GO classification
        3.2.4 COG classification
        3.2.5 KEGG pathway mapping
        3.2.6 Identification of TF genes in L. chinense
        3.2.7 Gene expression levels analysis
        3.2.8 Genes related to salt tolerance/stress
        3.2.9 Analysis of genes involved in carotenoid biosynthesis pathway
        3.2.10 Analysis of carotenoid contents in leaf and ripening fruit of L. chinense
    3.3 Discussion
        3.3.1 Plant samples selected for RNA sequencing
        3.3.2 RNA-seq and de novo assembly
        3.3.3 Analysis of TF genes in L. chinense
        3.3.4 Salt tolerance related genes in L. chinense
    3.4 Summary
CHAPTER FOUR: ANALYSIS OF TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR GENES INMAIZE UNDER SALT STRESS CONDITIONS
    4.1 Materials and methods
        4.1.1 Plant materials and salt stress treatments
        4.1.2 Evaluation of salt tolerance in the maize varieties
        4.1.3 Transcriptome analysis of TF genes and salt-responsive genes
        4.1.4 Phylogenetic tree construction of HSFs and protein interactionnetworks analysis
        4.1.5 RNA extraction and qRT-PCR analysis
    4.2 Results
        4.2.1 Evaluation of salt tolerance of the two maize varieties
        4.2.2 Identification of TF genes and expression analysis
        4.2.3 Expression profiles of the TF genes under salt stress conditions
        4.2.4 Identification of salt-stress responsive genes and TFs
        4.2.5 Phylogenetic analysis of HSF family and protein interaction networkanalysis
        4.2.6 Expression analysis of HSF genes under salt stress conditions
    4.3 Discussion
        4.3.1 Characterization of expression profiles of TFs in response to saltstress
        4.3.2 Salt-stress responsive genes and salt-tolerant genes
        4.3.3 Critical TFs in plant response to salt stress
        4.3.4 HSFs and their expression pattern in response to salt stress and theirpotential roles in maize salt tolerance
    4.4 Summary
CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION AND FUTURE PROSPECTS
    5.1 Conclusion
    5.2 Innovation
    5.3 Future prospects and Concerns
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL FILES
PAPER PUBLICATION AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH PROJECTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT



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