發(fā)布時間：2022-01-27 10:54

　　長度為18-30個核苷酸（nt）的小RNA（s RNAs）廣泛存在于動物、植物以及真菌中,是一類重要的RNA分子,在生物體的眾多生物過程中發(fā)揮了至關(guān)重要的作用。早在上世紀80年代,人們就已經(jīng)對s RNA進行研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)s RNAs是通過內(nèi)切酶DICERLIKE（DCL）加工產(chǎn)生。1999年在植物中首次發(fā)現(xiàn)和基因轉(zhuǎn)錄后沉默相關(guān)的s RNAs。隨后大量研究表明,s RNAs可以在轉(zhuǎn)錄、轉(zhuǎn)錄后或翻譯水平上通過與靶基因序列互補配對的方式調(diào)控基因表達,從而參與植物的生長發(fā)育、代謝進程以及響應(yīng)各種脅迫反應(yīng)的信號通路調(diào)控,具有重要的生物學(xué)意義。s RNAs在植物中存在廣泛的變異,且在同一物種內(nèi)不同材料之間的變異也廣泛存在,并有報道s RNAs在種內(nèi)變異可能與物種內(nèi)的表型變異緊密相關(guān)。然而我們對種內(nèi)s RNAs變異的類型與變異的內(nèi)在分子機制還不清楚,這些限制了我們對植物表型變異的理解與分子育種的實踐應(yīng)用。為了系統(tǒng)鑒定s RNAs的種內(nèi)變異類型并解析其變異的分子機制,我們收集了兩個玉米優(yōu)良自交系B73和Mo17葉片組織的深度s RNAs測序數(shù)據(jù),并收集了一個具有廣泛遺傳變異的玉米關(guān)聯(lián)群體（338份優(yōu)良自交... 

【文章來源】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)湖北省211工程院校教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：97 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
List of abbreviations
1.Introduction
    1.1.Maize(Zea mays L.)is among topmost important crops worldwide
    1.2.Maize reference genome
    1.3.Small RNA(s RNA)
    1.4.Genome-wide association study(GWAS)
    1.5.Advantages of association studies
    1.6.Expression quantitative trait locus(eQTL)
    1.7.A framework of eQTL analysis
    1.8.eQTL hotspots
    1.9.Aims of the study
2.Materials and methods
    2.1.Plant Materials and growth conditions
    2.2.Software
    2.3.Library Construction and sequencing
    2.4.Small RNA data processing
        2.4.1.Quantification of s RNA sequence and s RNA species
        2.4.2.Differential expression of s RNA species
    2.5.Expression genome-wide association studies(eGWAS)analysis
    2.6.Identification and quantification of trans-eQTLs
        2.6.1.trans-e QTL hotspots identification and chi-square test
        2.6.2.Candidate gene selection
        2.6.3.Gene ontology(GO)enrichment analysis of all trans-e QTLs associated genes
3.Results
    3.1.Genetic materials and distribution of sRNAs
        3.1.1 Distribution of s RNAs and s RNA species
        3.1.2.s RNAs differential expression pattern
    3.2.Expression genome-wide association mapping(e GWAS)
    3.3.eQTL analysis of sRNA species
        3.3.1.Identification of trans-e QTL hotspots,and candidate genes
        3.3.2.GO enrichment analysis of all trans-e QTL associated genes
4.Discussion
    4.1.Various genomic features contributing to variation in sRNAs
    4.2.Genome-wide association study and eQTL mapping
    4.3.trans-eQTL hotspots and candidate genes
5.Summary and future prospects
References
Appendices
    Appendix1
    Appendix2
    Appendix3
    Appendix4
    Appendix5
    Appendix6
Acknowledgements


【參考文獻】：
期刊論文
[1]AGO18b negatively regulates determinacy of spikelet meristems on the tassel central spike in maize[J]. Wei Sun,Xiaoli Xiang,Lihong Zhai,Dan Zhang,Zheng Cao,Lei Liu,Zuxin Zhang.  Journal of Integrative Plant Biology. 2018(01)



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