鹽脅迫與其它類型脅迫最明顯的區(qū)別是,鹽脅迫的影響會貫穿作物的整個生命周期,而其它脅迫類型僅僅影響作物的某一特定時期。作物耐鹽性研究的最終目的是提高其耐鹽性,最終提高諸多鹽堿化土地的利用率。目前,對農(nóng)作物耐鹽性的研究都是在溫室中進行的短期脅迫,并僅局限于作物的某一個生育期。因此,研究作物對長期鹽脅迫（LSS）的響應機制更具實踐價值。而據(jù)我們所知,國內(nèi)外多數(shù)學者都更傾向于探究植物對短期鹽脅迫處理的響應機制,而植物對長期鹽脅迫（LSS）的響應和適應機制知之甚少。本研究選擇異源六倍體小麥模式品種“中國春”作為實驗材料。將該小麥種子播種于沙子中,然后立即施加NaCl脅迫30天。萌發(fā)階段和幼苗期對植物定居和生存在鹽堿地至關重要。在本研究中,小麥從萌發(fā)階段到幼苗期被連續(xù)暴露在鹽脅迫條件下,充分模擬了天然鹽脅迫條件。為了揭示異源六倍體小麥在長期脅迫處理下的基因表達和生理響應機制,我們比較了處理組和對照組的葉片解剖結構、葉綠體超微結構、植物激素、轉錄組、相容性溶質(zhì)和無機離子的差異。我們也探討了耐鹽基因在A,B,D亞基因組間的表達分化。主要實驗結果包含以下五點:1.葉綠體超微結構。處理組葉綠體中的類囊體密... 

【文章來源】：東北師范大學吉林省 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：70 頁

【學位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
SECTION 1:INTRODUCTION
    1 Introduction
        1.1 Distribution of saline soil
        1.2 Effects of salinity stress on plant
        1.3 Adaptive mechanisms of plants to salinity stress
            1.3.1 Osmotic adjustment
            1.3.2 Ions homoeostasis
            1.3.3 Antioxidant system
        1.4 Evolution of hexaploid wheat plants
            1.4.1 Study of salinity tolerance of wheat plants
        1.5 Novelty
SECTION 2:MATERIALS AND METHODS
    2.1 Plant growth and long-term salinity stress treatment
    2.2 Leaf anatomy and chloroplast ultrastructure
    2.3 Biochemical measurements
    2.4 RNA sequencing
        2.4.1 Quality control
        2.4.2 Alignment
        2.4.3 Differential Gene Expression Analysis
        2.4.4 Function Enrichment Analysis
        2.4.5 qRT-PCR
    2.5 Analysis of homeolog expression bias
    2.6 Statistical analysis and experimental design
SECTION 3:RESULT
    3.1 Anatomy and solutes
    3.2 Plant Hormones
    3.3 Transcriptomic profiling
    3.4 Effects of long-term salinity stress on the relative expression of homeologs
    3.5 Expression response of homeologs to long-term salinity stress in salinity-tolerant triads
    3.6 qRT-PCR validation
SECTION 4:DISCUSSION
    4.1 Osmotic adjustment and tissue tolerance
    4.2 Energy partitioning mediated by plant hormones may be important for wheat salinity toleranc
    4.3 Homeolog expression bias under long-term salinity stress
SECTION 5:CONCLUSION
    5.1 CONCLUSIONS
SECTION 6:REFERENCES
Supplementary tables
Acknowledgements



本文編號：3508738