鹽脅迫與其它類型脅迫最明顯的區(qū)別是,鹽脅迫的影響會(huì)貫穿作物的整個(gè)生命周期,而其它脅迫類型僅僅影響作物的某一特定時(shí)期。作物耐鹽性研究的最終目的是提高其耐鹽性,最終提高諸多鹽堿化土地的利用率。目前,對(duì)農(nóng)作物耐鹽性的研究都是在溫室中進(jìn)行的短期脅迫,并僅局限于作物的某一個(gè)生育期。因此,研究作物對(duì)長(zhǎng)期鹽脅迫（LSS）的響應(yīng)機(jī)制更具實(shí)踐價(jià)值。而據(jù)我們所知,國(guó)內(nèi)外多數(shù)學(xué)者都更傾向于探究植物對(duì)短期鹽脅迫處理的響應(yīng)機(jī)制,而植物對(duì)長(zhǎng)期鹽脅迫（LSS）的響應(yīng)和適應(yīng)機(jī)制知之甚少。本研究選擇異源六倍體小麥模式品種“中國(guó)春”作為實(shí)驗(yàn)材料。將該小麥種子播種于沙子中,然后立即施加NaCl脅迫30天。萌發(fā)階段和幼苗期對(duì)植物定居和生存在鹽堿地至關(guān)重要。在本研究中,小麥從萌發(fā)階段到幼苗期被連續(xù)暴露在鹽脅迫條件下,充分模擬了天然鹽脅迫條件。為了揭示異源六倍體小麥在長(zhǎng)期脅迫處理下的基因表達(dá)和生理響應(yīng)機(jī)制,我們比較了處理組和對(duì)照組的葉片解剖結(jié)構(gòu)、葉綠體超微結(jié)構(gòu)、植物激素、轉(zhuǎn)錄組、相容性溶質(zhì)和無(wú)機(jī)離子的差異。我們也探討了耐鹽基因在A,B,D亞基因組間的表達(dá)分化。主要實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果包含以下五點(diǎn):1.葉綠體超微結(jié)構(gòu)。處理組葉綠體中的類囊體密... 

【文章來(lái)源】：東北師范大學(xué)吉林省 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：70 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
SECTION 1:INTRODUCTION
    1 Introduction
        1.1 Distribution of saline soil
        1.2 Effects of salinity stress on plant
        1.3 Adaptive mechanisms of plants to salinity stress
            1.3.1 Osmotic adjustment
            1.3.2 Ions homoeostasis
            1.3.3 Antioxidant system
        1.4 Evolution of hexaploid wheat plants
            1.4.1 Study of salinity tolerance of wheat plants
        1.5 Novelty
SECTION 2:MATERIALS AND METHODS
    2.1 Plant growth and long-term salinity stress treatment
    2.2 Leaf anatomy and chloroplast ultrastructure
    2.3 Biochemical measurements
    2.4 RNA sequencing
        2.4.1 Quality control
        2.4.2 Alignment
        2.4.3 Differential Gene Expression Analysis
        2.4.4 Function Enrichment Analysis
        2.4.5 qRT-PCR
    2.5 Analysis of homeolog expression bias
    2.6 Statistical analysis and experimental design
SECTION 3:RESULT
    3.1 Anatomy and solutes
    3.2 Plant Hormones
    3.3 Transcriptomic profiling
    3.4 Effects of long-term salinity stress on the relative expression of homeologs
    3.5 Expression response of homeologs to long-term salinity stress in salinity-tolerant triads
    3.6 qRT-PCR validation
SECTION 4:DISCUSSION
    4.1 Osmotic adjustment and tissue tolerance
    4.2 Energy partitioning mediated by plant hormones may be important for wheat salinity toleranc
    4.3 Homeolog expression bias under long-term salinity stress
SECTION 5:CONCLUSION
    5.1 CONCLUSIONS
SECTION 6:REFERENCES
Supplementary tables
Acknowledgements



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