烯效唑?qū)τ衩卓沟狗�、抗氧化防御系統(tǒng)和籽粒灌漿的調(diào)控
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2021-08-20 02:22
倒伏現(xiàn)象是影響作物產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的重要因素。在半干旱地區(qū),除倒伏因素外,降雨量少及分配不均勻等問題嚴(yán)重影響作物生長(zhǎng)。由于水分虧缺導(dǎo)致植物機(jī)體內(nèi)活性氧（ROS）積累和光合色素降解,抑制植物光合作用,加劇葉片衰老失活,致使源庫(kù)流不協(xié)調(diào),降低作物產(chǎn)量。對(duì)作物生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和抗倒伏有著重要影響。為闡明延緩抑制型植物生長(zhǎng)調(diào)節(jié)劑對(duì)夏玉米籽粒灌漿特性、抗氧化系統(tǒng)和抗倒伏能力及產(chǎn)量的調(diào)控,本研究通過2年的田間試驗(yàn),研究了烯效唑處理種子和葉面不同時(shí)期噴施以及生長(zhǎng)后期配合乙烯應(yīng)用不同處理對(duì)玉米莖稈抗倒伏的物理性狀與形態(tài)指標(biāo)、木質(zhì)素代謝、抗氧化生理機(jī)制、籽粒灌漿特征及對(duì)產(chǎn)量的影響。設(shè)置浸種（Soaking,S）和葉面噴施（Foliage applying,F）烯效唑的濃度為:0（CK0）,25(U25),50(U50)和75(U75)mg kg–1,葉面噴施于玉米八葉期時(shí)進(jìn)行;為進(jìn)一步明確烯效唑噴施對(duì)玉米生長(zhǎng)后期抗衰老及產(chǎn)量形成的影響,設(shè)置附加試驗(yàn),于玉米十二葉時(shí)葉面噴施不同濃度烯效唑、玉米抽雄吐絲后10天葉...
【文章來源】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)陜西省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直屬院校
【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：121 頁(yè)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【文章目錄】：
ABSTRACT
摘要
CHAPTER 1 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Plant growth regulator uniconazole and its mode of action
1.2.1 Effect of uniconazole on gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis
1.2.2 Effect of uniconazole on ABA biosynthesis
1.2.3 Effect of uniconazole on CK biosynthesis
1.3 Effects of plant growth regulators on enhancing lodging resistance
1.3.1 Causes and yield losses due to lodging stress
1.3.2 Role of lignin metabolism in lodging resistance of crops
1.3.3 Role of plant growth regulators on improving lodging resistance
1.4 Effects of plant growth regulators on photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant defense system, and leaf senescence
1.4.1 Effect of leaf senescence on photosynthetic pigments
1.4.2 Role of antioxidant enzymes activities in inhibition of reactive oxygen species accumulations
1.4.3 Effect of plant growth regulators on antioxidant defense system and leaf senescence
1.5 Effects of plant growth regulators on grain filling and endogenous hormones contents
1.5.1 Role of CKs in grain filling process
1.5.2 Role of ABA and GA in grain filling process
1.5.3 Effects of plant growth regulators on endogenous hormones contents
1.6 Objectives of the research
CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1 Experimental location
2.2 Field experiment, materials, and design
2.3 Sampling and measurements
2.3.1 Internode diameter (mm) and internode plumpness (g cm–1)
2.3.2 Plant height (cm) and ear height (cm)
2.3.3 Rind penetration strength (N mm–2)
2.3.4 Lignin content and activities of lignin-related enzymes
2.3.5 Lodging behavior
2.3.6 Plant sampling for chlorophyll content, soluble protein content, MDA content, anti-oxidant enzymes activities and ROS
2.3.7 Preparation of enzyme extracts
2.3.8 ROS
2.3.9 Green leaf areas in the middle, bottom, and top layers
2.3.10 above dry matter accumulation (g plant–1)
2.3.11 Sampling and measurements for grain filling and endogenous hormones contents
2.3.12 Ear characteristics and grain yield (t ha–1)
2.4 Statistical analysis
CHAPTER 3 UNICONAZOLE APPLICATION STRATIGIES TO IMPROVE LIGNIN METABOLISM AND ITS RELATION WITH LODGING RESISTANCE IN MAIZE
3.1 Weather conditions during 2015 and 2016 growing seasons
3.2 Internode diameter and internode plumpness
3.3 Plant and ear height
3.4 Rind penetration strength
3.5 Lignin content and activities of lignin-related enzymes in the third basal internode
3.5.1 Lignin content
3.5.2 Activities of lignin-related enzymes
3.6 Lodging rate (%)
3.7 Relationships between lignin content, activities of lignin related enzymes, lodging rate, and rind penetration strength
3.8 Discussion
3.9 Conclusion
CHAPTER 4 APPLICATION OF UNICONAZOLE IMPROVES PHOTOSYNTHETIC EFFICIENCY OF MAIZE BY ENHANCING THE ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE MECHANISM AND DELAYING LEAF SENESCNECE
4.1 Chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate
4.2 Soluble protein content and lipid peroxidation
4.3 Antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, POD, and CAT)
4.4 ROS
4.5 Leaf area in the bottom, middle, and top layers
4.6 Discussion
4.7 Conclusion
CHAPTER 5 GRAIN FILLING AND ENDOGENOUS HORMONES RESPONSE OF MAIZE STIMULATED BY UNICONAZOLE APPLICATION
5.1 Above dry matter accumulation plant~(-1)
5.2 Dry matter accumulation in grains
5.3 Grain filling
5.4 Hormonal changes during grain filling process
5.4.1 ABA content
5.4.2 Z+ZR contents
5.4.3 GAs content
5.5 Ear characteristics, thousand kernel weight and grain yield
5.6 Relationship between endogenous hormones content and grain filling characteristics
5.7 Discussion
5.8 Conclusion
CHAPTER 6 EFFECT OF UNICONAZOLE SOLE APPLICATION OR WITH ETHEPHON ON LATER GROWTH STAGES ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC EFFICIENCY AND ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE MECHANISM
6.1 Chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate
6.2 Soluble protein and MDA contents
6.3 Antioxidant enzymes activities
6.4 ROS
6.5 Discussion
6.6 Conclusion
CHAPTER 7 EFFECT OF UNICONAZOLE SOLE APPLICATION OR WITH ETHEPHON ON LATER GROWTH STAGES ON GRAIN FILLING AND ENDOGENOUS HORMONES CONTENTS
7.1 Dynamics of dry matter accumulations in grains in different ear positions
7.2 Grain filling
7.3 Hormonal changes
7.3.1 ABA content
7.3.2 Z+ZR contents
7.3.3 GAs content
7.4 Grain yield, thousand kernel weight and characters of ear
7.5 Relationship between endogenous hormones contents and grain filling characteristics
7.6 Discussion
7.7 Conclusion
CHAPTER 8 SUMMARY AND MAIN CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
ABOUT THE AUTHOUR
PUBLISHED PEER REVIEWED RESEARCH PAPERS (SCI)
【參考文獻(xiàn)】：
期刊論文
[1]Top-dressing nitrogen fertilizer rate contributes to decrease culm physical strength by reducing structural carbohydrate content in japonica rice[J]. ZHANG Wu-jun,WU Long-mei,DING Yan-feng,WENG Fei,WU Xiao-ran,LI Gang-hua,LIU Zheng-hui,TANG She,DING Cheng-qiang,WANG Shao-hua. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 2016(05)
[2]Physiological Mechanisms of Delaying Leaf Senescence in Maize Treated with Compound Mixtures of DCPTA and CCC[J]. Wang Yong-chao,Gu Wan-rong,Ye Le-fu,Sun Yang,Li Li-jie,Zhang He,Li Jing,Wei Shi. Journal of Northeast Agricultural University（English Edition）. 2015(03)
[3]乙烯利對(duì)夏玉米子粒干物質(zhì)積累的影響及生理機(jī)制探究[J]. 王海永,張明才,陳小文,牛曉雪,蘇賀,董學(xué)會(huì). 玉米科學(xué). 2013(05)
[4]玉米果穗不同部位籽粒激素含量及其與胚乳發(fā)育和籽粒灌漿的關(guān)系[J]. 徐云姬,顧道健,張博博,張耗,王志琴,楊建昌. 作物學(xué)報(bào). 2013(08)
[5]小麥莖稈木質(zhì)素代謝及其與抗倒性的關(guān)系[J]. 陳曉光,史春余,尹燕枰,王振林,石玉華,彭佃亮,倪英麗,蔡鐵. 作物學(xué)報(bào). 2011(09)
[6]烯效唑浸種對(duì)谷子植株生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育的效應(yīng)[J]. 張永清,裴紅賓,劉良全,王璐,苗果園. 作物學(xué)報(bào). 2009(11)
[7]噴施烯效唑?qū)τ衩兹~片衰老特性和產(chǎn)量的影響[J]. 王小春,楊文鈺,陳剛,李乾亮,王星斌. 玉米科學(xué). 2009(01)
[8]烯效唑浸種對(duì)大豆種子萌發(fā)及保護(hù)性酶系的影響[J]. 宋勝,馮乃杰,鄭殿峰. 大豆科學(xué). 2008(02)
[9]群體密度對(duì)玉米莖稈抗倒力學(xué)和農(nóng)藝性狀的影響[J]. 勾玲,黃建軍,張賓,李濤,孫銳,趙明. 作物學(xué)報(bào). 2007(10)
[10]烯效唑浸種對(duì)小麥幼苗形態(tài)及生理指標(biāo)的影響[J]. 劉英,李邦發(fā),韓海波. 安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué). 2007(23)
本文編號(hào)：3352615
【文章來源】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)陜西省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直屬院校
【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：121 頁(yè)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【文章目錄】：
ABSTRACT
摘要
CHAPTER 1 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Plant growth regulator uniconazole and its mode of action
1.2.1 Effect of uniconazole on gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis
1.2.2 Effect of uniconazole on ABA biosynthesis
1.2.3 Effect of uniconazole on CK biosynthesis
1.3 Effects of plant growth regulators on enhancing lodging resistance
1.3.1 Causes and yield losses due to lodging stress
1.3.2 Role of lignin metabolism in lodging resistance of crops
1.3.3 Role of plant growth regulators on improving lodging resistance
1.4 Effects of plant growth regulators on photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant defense system, and leaf senescence
1.4.1 Effect of leaf senescence on photosynthetic pigments
1.4.2 Role of antioxidant enzymes activities in inhibition of reactive oxygen species accumulations
1.4.3 Effect of plant growth regulators on antioxidant defense system and leaf senescence
1.5 Effects of plant growth regulators on grain filling and endogenous hormones contents
1.5.1 Role of CKs in grain filling process
1.5.2 Role of ABA and GA in grain filling process
1.5.3 Effects of plant growth regulators on endogenous hormones contents
1.6 Objectives of the research
CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1 Experimental location
2.2 Field experiment, materials, and design
2.3 Sampling and measurements
2.3.1 Internode diameter (mm) and internode plumpness (g cm–1)
2.3.2 Plant height (cm) and ear height (cm)
2.3.3 Rind penetration strength (N mm–2)
2.3.4 Lignin content and activities of lignin-related enzymes
2.3.5 Lodging behavior
2.3.6 Plant sampling for chlorophyll content, soluble protein content, MDA content, anti-oxidant enzymes activities and ROS
2.3.7 Preparation of enzyme extracts
2.3.8 ROS
2.3.9 Green leaf areas in the middle, bottom, and top layers
2.3.10 above dry matter accumulation (g plant–1)
2.3.11 Sampling and measurements for grain filling and endogenous hormones contents
2.3.12 Ear characteristics and grain yield (t ha–1)
2.4 Statistical analysis
CHAPTER 3 UNICONAZOLE APPLICATION STRATIGIES TO IMPROVE LIGNIN METABOLISM AND ITS RELATION WITH LODGING RESISTANCE IN MAIZE
3.1 Weather conditions during 2015 and 2016 growing seasons
3.2 Internode diameter and internode plumpness
3.3 Plant and ear height
3.4 Rind penetration strength
3.5 Lignin content and activities of lignin-related enzymes in the third basal internode
3.5.1 Lignin content
3.5.2 Activities of lignin-related enzymes
3.6 Lodging rate (%)
3.7 Relationships between lignin content, activities of lignin related enzymes, lodging rate, and rind penetration strength
3.8 Discussion
3.9 Conclusion
CHAPTER 4 APPLICATION OF UNICONAZOLE IMPROVES PHOTOSYNTHETIC EFFICIENCY OF MAIZE BY ENHANCING THE ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE MECHANISM AND DELAYING LEAF SENESCNECE
4.1 Chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate
4.2 Soluble protein content and lipid peroxidation
4.3 Antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, POD, and CAT)
4.4 ROS
4.5 Leaf area in the bottom, middle, and top layers
4.6 Discussion
4.7 Conclusion
CHAPTER 5 GRAIN FILLING AND ENDOGENOUS HORMONES RESPONSE OF MAIZE STIMULATED BY UNICONAZOLE APPLICATION
5.1 Above dry matter accumulation plant~(-1)
5.2 Dry matter accumulation in grains
5.3 Grain filling
5.4 Hormonal changes during grain filling process
5.4.1 ABA content
5.4.2 Z+ZR contents
5.4.3 GAs content
5.5 Ear characteristics, thousand kernel weight and grain yield
5.6 Relationship between endogenous hormones content and grain filling characteristics
5.7 Discussion
5.8 Conclusion
CHAPTER 6 EFFECT OF UNICONAZOLE SOLE APPLICATION OR WITH ETHEPHON ON LATER GROWTH STAGES ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC EFFICIENCY AND ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE MECHANISM
6.1 Chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate
6.2 Soluble protein and MDA contents
6.3 Antioxidant enzymes activities
6.4 ROS
6.5 Discussion
6.6 Conclusion
CHAPTER 7 EFFECT OF UNICONAZOLE SOLE APPLICATION OR WITH ETHEPHON ON LATER GROWTH STAGES ON GRAIN FILLING AND ENDOGENOUS HORMONES CONTENTS
7.1 Dynamics of dry matter accumulations in grains in different ear positions
7.2 Grain filling
7.3 Hormonal changes
7.3.1 ABA content
7.3.2 Z+ZR contents
7.3.3 GAs content
7.4 Grain yield, thousand kernel weight and characters of ear
7.5 Relationship between endogenous hormones contents and grain filling characteristics
7.6 Discussion
7.7 Conclusion
CHAPTER 8 SUMMARY AND MAIN CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
ABOUT THE AUTHOUR
PUBLISHED PEER REVIEWED RESEARCH PAPERS (SCI)
【參考文獻(xiàn)】：
期刊論文
[1]Top-dressing nitrogen fertilizer rate contributes to decrease culm physical strength by reducing structural carbohydrate content in japonica rice[J]. ZHANG Wu-jun,WU Long-mei,DING Yan-feng,WENG Fei,WU Xiao-ran,LI Gang-hua,LIU Zheng-hui,TANG She,DING Cheng-qiang,WANG Shao-hua. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 2016(05)
[2]Physiological Mechanisms of Delaying Leaf Senescence in Maize Treated with Compound Mixtures of DCPTA and CCC[J]. Wang Yong-chao,Gu Wan-rong,Ye Le-fu,Sun Yang,Li Li-jie,Zhang He,Li Jing,Wei Shi. Journal of Northeast Agricultural University（English Edition）. 2015(03)
[3]乙烯利對(duì)夏玉米子粒干物質(zhì)積累的影響及生理機(jī)制探究[J]. 王海永,張明才,陳小文,牛曉雪,蘇賀,董學(xué)會(huì). 玉米科學(xué). 2013(05)
[4]玉米果穗不同部位籽粒激素含量及其與胚乳發(fā)育和籽粒灌漿的關(guān)系[J]. 徐云姬,顧道健,張博博,張耗,王志琴,楊建昌. 作物學(xué)報(bào). 2013(08)
[5]小麥莖稈木質(zhì)素代謝及其與抗倒性的關(guān)系[J]. 陳曉光,史春余,尹燕枰,王振林,石玉華,彭佃亮,倪英麗,蔡鐵. 作物學(xué)報(bào). 2011(09)
[6]烯效唑浸種對(duì)谷子植株生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育的效應(yīng)[J]. 張永清,裴紅賓,劉良全,王璐,苗果園. 作物學(xué)報(bào). 2009(11)
[7]噴施烯效唑?qū)τ衩兹~片衰老特性和產(chǎn)量的影響[J]. 王小春,楊文鈺,陳剛,李乾亮,王星斌. 玉米科學(xué). 2009(01)
[8]烯效唑浸種對(duì)大豆種子萌發(fā)及保護(hù)性酶系的影響[J]. 宋勝,馮乃杰,鄭殿峰. 大豆科學(xué). 2008(02)
[9]群體密度對(duì)玉米莖稈抗倒力學(xué)和農(nóng)藝性狀的影響[J]. 勾玲,黃建軍,張賓,李濤,孫銳,趙明. 作物學(xué)報(bào). 2007(10)
[10]烯效唑浸種對(duì)小麥幼苗形態(tài)及生理指標(biāo)的影響[J]. 劉英,李邦發(fā),韓海波. 安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué). 2007(23)
本文編號(hào)：3352615
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