非生物脅迫可導(dǎo)致植物形態(tài)、生理和結(jié)構(gòu)上的多種損害,最終導(dǎo)致農(nóng)作物減產(chǎn)。水分短缺是主要的環(huán)境限制之一,會引起作物活性氧（ROS）的過量產(chǎn)生,對細(xì)胞膜造成氧化損傷,降解光合色素,降低蛋白質(zhì)、酶活性及產(chǎn)量。在脅迫條件下,植物生長調(diào)節(jié)劑（PGRs）對植物生理的調(diào)節(jié)起至關(guān)重要的作用。褪黑激素是一種重要的生物活性激素,特別是在非生物脅迫條件下,對植物生長和發(fā)育有重要作用。本文研究設(shè)計了盆栽和兩年的大田試驗,通過盆栽試驗研究了干旱和鹽脅迫條件下幼苗外源褪黑素噴施和灌根對玉米早期生長、光合特性和保護(hù)酶活性的影響;通過大田試驗研究了褪黑素浸種和九葉期葉面施用對延緩葉片衰老、抗氧化防御機(jī)制、激素響應(yīng)、籽粒灌漿速率和玉米產(chǎn)量的影響,主要研究結(jié)果如下:1. 盆栽試驗在玉米出苗兩周后開始干旱脅迫（40%-45%FC）后,進(jìn)行褪黑素不同濃度的葉面噴施（0,25,50,75 and 100 m M）和土壤澆灌處理（MT₁-30,MT₂-60,and MT₃-90μM）,研究了褪黑素對干旱脅迫下玉米幼苗生長、光合特性和抗氧化防御系統(tǒng)的影響。結(jié)果表明,褪... 

【文章來源】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)陜西省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：121 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
ABSTRACT
摘要
CHAPTER1 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
    1.1 Research background
    1.2 Plant growth regulators(PGRs)melatonin and its role in plants
    1.3 Action of melatonin in plant
        1.3.1 Effect of melatonin on indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)in plants
        1.3.2 Effect of melatonin on gibberellin(GAs)in plants
        1.3.3 Effect of melatonin on Cytokinin(CK)in plants
        1.3.4 Effect of melatonin on abscisic acid(ABA)in plants
    1.4 Effects of melatonin attribute on plant growth under drought stress condition
        1.4.1 Drought stress and its effect on plant growth
        1.4.2 Role of melatonin on plant under drought stress
    1.5 Application of melatonin on antioxidant defense system,photosynthetic capacity and process of leaf senescence
        1.5.1 Effects of chlorophyll pigments degradation on leaf senescence
        1.5.2 Role of antioxidant enzyme and reactive oxygen species(ROS)accumulations in maize
        1.5.3 Effect of melatonin on antioxidant defense mechanism and leaf senescence process
    1.6 Effect of exogenous melatonin on seed filling rate and hormonal cross-talk changes on maize crop
        1.6.1 Role of melatonin on seed filling rate and endogenous hormone contents
        1.6.2 Effect of plant hormones content in seed filling rate
    1.7 Effect of PGRs on photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidant defense system of maize seedling under salt stress condition
        1.7.1 Effect of salinity stress on maize seedling
        1.7.2 Effect of PGRs on antioxidant defense system of maize seedling under salinity stress condition
    1.8 Objectives of the research
    1.9 Research contents
    1.10 Systematic diagram
CHAPTER2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
    2.1 Description of the experimental site
    2.2 Plant material and experimental treatments of pots
    2.3 Plant material and experimental treatments of field
    2.4 Sampling and measurement
        2.4.1 Measurement of growth morphology
        2.4.2 Measurement of leaf area plant-1(cm2)
        2.4.3 Determination of leaf relative water content(RWC)
        2.4.4 Measurement of chlorophyll and carotenoids
        2.4.5 Photosynthetic gas exchange
        2.4.6 Determination of antioxidant enzyme activity
        2.4.7 Measurement of soluble protein,proline and soluble sugar contents
        2.4.8 Evaluation of malondialdehyde(MDA)and ROS(O2-and H2O2)
        2.4.9 Plant sampling measurements for seed filling rate and endogenous hormones content
        2.4.10 Total dry matter plant~(-1)
        2.4.11 Seed filling process
        2.4.12 Measurement of endogenous hormone contents
        2.4.13 Ear characteristics and grain yield
    2.5 Statistical analysis
CHAPTER3 EXOGENOUS MELATONIN CONFERS DROUGHT STRESS BY PROMOTING PLANT GROWTH,PHOTOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY AND ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE SYSTEM OF MAIZE SEEDLINGS
    3.1 Effect of melatonin on root length and diameter
    3.2 Effects of melatonin on the biomass of maize seedlings
    3.3 Stem diameter and plant height
    3.4 Leaf relative water content
    3.5 Chlorophyll and carotenoid content
    3.6 Effect of melatonin on leaf gas exchange
    3.7 Effects of melatonin on antioxidant enzymes
    3.8 Effects of melatonin on H2O2 and malondialdehyde
    3.9 Effects of melatonin on soluble protein and proline contents
    3.10 Discussion
    3.11 Conclusion
CHAPTER4 EXOGENOUS APPLICATION OF MELATONIN INDUCES TOLERANCE TO SALT STRESS BY INCREASING THE PHOTOSYNTHETIC EFFICIENCY AND ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE SYSTEM OF MAIZE SEEDLING
    4.1 Effect of exogenous melatonin on plant growth characteristics and leaf area plant~(-1) under salt stress
    4.2 Effect of exogenous melatonin on chlorophyll pigments under salt stress
    4.3 Effect of exogenous melatonin on leaf gas exchange under salt stress
    4.4 Effect of exogenous melatonin on relative water content(RWC),soluble sugar(SS)and proline contents under salt stress
    4.5 Effect of exogenous melatonin on antioxidant enzyme activities under salt stress
    4.6 Effect of exogenous melatonin on malondialdehyde(MDA),H_2O_2 content and electrolyte leakage(EL)under salt stress
    4.7 Discussion
    4.8 Conclusion
CHAPTER5 FOLIAR APPLICATION OF MELATONIN DELAY LEAF SENESCENCE IN MAIZE BY IMPROVING THE ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE SYSTEM AND ENHANCING PHOTOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY UNDER SEMI-ARID REGIONS
    5.1 Melatonin application improved chlorophyll contents and net photosynthetic rate
    5.2 Effects of melatonin on MDA,soluble protein and soluble sugar content
    5.3 Effect of melatonin on antioxidant enzymes(SOD,POD,and CAT)
    5.4 Effects of melatonin on ROS(O_2~-and H_2O_2)accumulation
    5.5 Melatonin application increased green leaf area per plant
    5.6 Effects of melatonin on grains per ear, hundred-grains weight and grain yield
    5.7 Discussion
    5.8 Conclusion
CHAPTER6 EXOGENOUS MELATONIN IMPROVED THE SEED FILLING RATE AND ENDOGENOUS HORMONE CONTENTS IN SUMMER MAIZE UNDER SEMI-ARID REGIONS
    6.1 Weather condition of the experimental site during2017 and2018 growth seasons of maize in the semi-arid region
    6.2 Seed filling process and100 seed weight
    6.3 Endogenous hormones during the process of grain filling
        6.3.1 IAA content
        6.3.2 GA content
        6.3.3 Z+ ZR content
        6.3.4 ABA content
    6.4 Total dry matter plant~(-1)
    6.5 Ear characteristics and grain yield
    6.6 Correlation between hormones content and characteristics of seed filling
    6.7 Discussion
    6.8 Conclusion
CHAPTER7 SUMMERY AND MAIN CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
LIST OF PUBLISHED AND PEER REVIEWED ARTICLES


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