華北平原（NCP）是中國重要的小麥糧食生產(chǎn)區(qū),但是地下淡水資源緊缺,給糧食生產(chǎn)帶來了重大影響。華北平原地下淺層有豐富的微咸水資源,含鹽量通常為2～5 g L^-1,雖然咸水灌溉會限制作物的生長,但是可以緩解華北地區(qū)的水資源緊缺,解決部分農(nóng)田補(bǔ)灌問題。通過研究咸淡水交替灌溉對冬小麥不同生長階段的生長、產(chǎn)量和水分生產(chǎn)力以及生理響應(yīng)的影響,闡明長期咸淡水交替灌溉對冬小麥生長和鹽積累的影響機(jī)制。SALTMED模型是一種高效灌溉管理策略的通用建模工具,通過運(yùn)用此模型來進(jìn)一步的研究華北水資源管理及咸淡水交替灌溉下冬小麥產(chǎn)量的預(yù)測。試驗(yàn)地在河北農(nóng)林科學(xué)院旱地農(nóng)業(yè)研究所試驗(yàn)站（北緯37°54′;東經(jīng)115°42’）。田間試驗(yàn)處理包括不灌溉（NI）、淡水和微咸水交替灌溉（FS）、微咸水和淡水交替灌溉（SF）、微咸水灌溉（SS）和全生育期淡水灌溉（FF）。冬小麥在不同的生長階段使用微咸水灌溉對小麥性狀的影響機(jī)制不明晰。因此,2015-2018年進(jìn)行了大田試驗(yàn),以研究微咸水淡水交替灌溉是否適用于華北冬小麥生產(chǎn)。研究結(jié)果表明,與NI處理相比,SF和FS處理的小麥產(chǎn)量增加了20%。與FF處理... 

【文章來源】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院北京市

【文章頁數(shù)】：130 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
abstract
CHAPTER 1:General introduction
    1.1 Introduction
    1.2 Objectives of the study
    1.3 Justification for the research problems
CHAPTER 2:Literature review
    2.1 Effect of alternate irrigation using saline and fresh water on crop responses and the yield
        2.1.1 Seed germination
        2.1.2 Plant growth
        2.1.3 Photosynthesis process and crop yield
        2.1.4 Stomatal resistance
        2.1.5 Chlorophyll content
    2.2 Sodium and Potassium concentrations
        2.2.1 Sodium(Na~+)
        2.2.2 Potassium(K~+)
    2.3 Effect of saline water irrigation practices on CWP
    2.4 Effect of saline water irrigation practices on soil
        2.4.1 Soil properties
        2.4.2 Salt accumulation and salinization
    2.5 Crop-water modeling in terms of crop yield and WUE
        2.5.1 Performances of SALTMED model
        2.5.2 Performances of Aquacrop model
CHAPTER 3:Sustaining yield of winter wheat under alternate irrigation using saline water at different growth stages:a case study in the NCP
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Materials and Methods
        3.2.1 Experimental site
        3.2.2 Experimental treatments
        3.2.3 Sampling,measurements and analyses
        3.2.4 Statistical analysis
    3.3 Results
        3.3.1 Soil water content and water consumptions
        3.3.2 Soil p H and salinity development in the crop rootzone
        3.3.3 Plant growth and yield
        3.3.4 Na~+,K~+ concentrations and K~+:Na~+ ratio
        3.3.5 Water productivity of winter wheat(WW)
    3.4 Discussion
    3.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER 4:Evaluating the performance of SALTMED model under alternate irrigation using saline and fresh water strategies to winter wheat in the NCP
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Materials and methods
        4.2.1 The growing conditions and treatments
        4.2.2 Experimental treatments and crop growing condition
        4.2.3 Crop sampling and measurement
        4.2.4 Description about SALTMED model and simulation
        4.2.5 SALTMED model data requirement
        4.2.6 Statistical indicators for validation
    4.3 Results and Discussion
        4.3.1 Effect of the alternate irrigation on growth and yield of WW
        4.3.2 Simulated biomass,grain yield and water productivity of WW
    4.4 Conclusions
CHAPTER 5:Soil salt accumulation and crop physiological responses of winter wheat to supplementary alternate irrigation with saline and fresh water at different crop growth stages in the NCP
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Materials and Methods
        5.2.1 Site information
        5.2.2 Treatments and growing conditions
        5.2.3 Data collection,measurements and analyses
        5.2.4 Simulation and validation
        5.2.5 Statistical analysis
    5.3 Result
        5.3.1 Soil moisture content under irrigated and rain-fed modes
        5.3.2 Morphological responses of WW under irrigated and rain-fed modes
        5.3.3 Physiological response of WW under irrigated and rain-fed modes
        5.3.4 Soil salinity development pattern within the crop rootzone
        5.3.5 Crop productions under irrigated and rain-fed modes
        5.3.6 Performance of SALTMED model under irrigated and rain-fed modes
    5.4 Discussion
    5.5 Conclusion
CHAPTER 6:Co-occurrence of drought and salinity synergistically enhanced water use efficiency of wheat plants
    6.1 Introduction
    6.2 Material and Methods
        6.2.1 Experimental conditions
        6.2.2 Drought and salinity treatments
        6.2.3 Sampling,measurements and analyses
        6.2.4 Statistical analysis
    6.3 Result
        6.3.1 Soil water dynamics
        6.3.2 Shoot length and leaf area
        6.3.3 Leaf and root water potential
        6.3.4 ABA concentrations in leaf and root tissues
        6.3.5 An,gs and WUEint
        6.3.6 Plant biomass,water consumption,WUE_p andδ~(13)C
        6.3.7 Leaf N concentration and accumulation
    6.4 Discussions
    6.5 Conclusion
CHAPTER 7:General conclusions and recommendations
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR'S RESUME


【參考文獻(xiàn)】：
期刊論文
[1]微咸水灌溉對土壤鹽分和作物產(chǎn)量影響研究[J]. 逄煥成,楊勁松,嚴(yán)惠峻.  植物營養(yǎng)與肥料學(xué)報(bào). 2004(06)



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