本文選題：堅昆都督府　切入點：黠戛斯汗國　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古大學》2009年博士論文

【摘要】： 黠戛斯初見漢文史冊于漢代,稱為堅昆。迨至隋唐時期逐漸強大,唐代文獻記作黠戛斯。黠戛斯曾先后與匈奴、丁零、鮮卑、柔然、突厥、薛延陀、回鶻等民族有過接觸。曾被匈奴、鮮卑、柔然征服,也聯(lián)合屬部抗擊過強悍的突厥、回鶻。648年,黠戛斯依傍唐朝在其地設立的堅昆都督府,逐漸發(fā)展壯大,并在八世紀初建立黠戛斯汗國。840年,一舉擊潰回鶻汗國,稱雄漠北草原。 黠戛斯是歷史悠久的民族,在北方民族史中占有不容忽視的地位。由于史料匱乏,相關(guān)問題尚屬薄弱環(huán)節(jié),研究還有待進一步深入。在參考前人研究成果基礎(chǔ)上,本文期望比較全面、系統(tǒng)地展現(xiàn)黠戛斯民族的歷史面貌,并依據(jù)漢文文獻、突厥文碑銘、波斯地理學家的記載等史料,利用民族語文學知識,對黠戛斯的若干歷史問題進行梳理和研究,并嘗試著提出自己的一些學術(shù)觀點。 漢文文獻記載的黠戛斯族名有多種譯寫方式,通過比較研究認為,雖然在各個歷史時期表示其族名的漢字各異,但這些用漢語譯寫的族名的讀音幾乎完全相同,根源即在于漢語語音的變化及漢語方言的差異。其次,唐代譯稱為黠戛斯,也另有其原由。針對文獻記載的黠戛斯族源的多種說法,做了分析論述。認為黠戛斯與突厥或許同源,但仍有待進一步的研究;黠戛斯是李陵后裔之說,純屬基于各自利益演繹的假托之辭。對明確黠戛斯含混不清的地理位置有所考證,明確了其逐漸遷徙并最終定居于葉尼塞河上游的阿巴坎與克穆齊克河之間的過程。 闡述了黠戛斯與鄰近部族的關(guān)系。從丁零、匈奴到突厥、回鶻,特別是以黠戛斯與突厥、回鶻的關(guān)系為主,敘述了黠戛斯在與他族的交往中,逐漸發(fā)展壯大的歷史過程。分析和總結(jié)了黠戛斯從一個弱小民族,成為終結(jié)回鶻政權(quán)的草原強族的原因及意義。 黠戛斯可汗曾得到唐朝的冊封,但是“英武誠明可汗”的封號,實是黠戛斯多次派出使者歷經(jīng)周折爭取而來。黠戛斯擊潰了回鶻,但并沒有稱霸漠北,而是南下天山,其中也另有原因。眾所周知,黠戛斯的后裔乞兒吉思亡于大蒙古國,具體史實也存在諸多需待核實的問題,就此也做了考證。經(jīng)過研究發(fā)現(xiàn),黠戛斯不僅有達干、莫賀等北方民族的官號,也有宰相、都督等中原官職,因而其官制呈現(xiàn)多元化特征。此外黠戛斯人的經(jīng)濟活動除了狩獵、畜牧,農(nóng)業(yè)、手工業(yè)、貿(mào)易等方面也同樣繁榮。
[Abstract]:Xianjia first saw the annals of the Chinese language in the Han Dynasty, called Jian Kun. Until the Sui and Tang dynasties, the literature of the Tang Dynasty was gradually strong. The literature of the Tang Dynasty recorded the Xianjias, who had been with the Huns successively, Ding zero, Xianbei, Rilan, Turkic, Xue Yentuo, The Uighur and other ethnic groups have been in contact. They were conquered by the Huns, Xianbei, softened, and United against the powerful Turkic, Uighur. In 648, Xiangjia developed and grew gradually, depending on the government house of Jiankundu set up in the Tang Dynasty. And in the beginning of the eighth century the founding of the craftsman khanate. 840, the Uighur khanate in one fell swoop, called the northern grassland. Xiangjia is a nation with a long history and plays an important role in the history of northern nationalities. Due to the lack of historical data, the related problems are still weak links, and the research needs to be further studied. On the basis of referring to the previous research results, This paper hopes to show the historical features of the Xiangjia nationality in a more comprehensive and systematic way, and make use of the knowledge of national language and literature according to the historical data such as the Chinese literature, the inscriptions of Turkic inscriptions, the records of Persian geographers, etc. This paper combs and studies some historical problems of Coggs, and tries to put forward some academic viewpoints. There are many ways of translating and writing the names of the Xiangjia nationality recorded in the Chinese literature. Through comparative studies, it is concluded that although the Chinese characters representing their clan names are different in different historical periods, the pronunciation of these clan names translated in Chinese is almost identical. The source lies in the change of Chinese pronunciation and the difference of Chinese dialects. Secondly, the translation of Tang Dynasty is called "Xiangjia", and there are other reasons. The author thinks that Cretta and Turkic may be homologous, but they still need further study. It is based on their own interests deduction of false trust words. To clarify the ambiguous geographical location of the Cogas clarify its gradual migration and eventually settled in the upper reaches of the Yenisei between Abakan and Kemuzik River process. This paper expounds the relationship between Cindegeus and the neighboring tribes, from Ding zero, the Huns to the Turkic, the Uighur, especially the relationship between the Xiangius and the Turkic, and the Uighur, and narrates the relationship between the Cindeg and the Uighurs. This paper analyzes and summarizes the reasons and significance of the gradual development of Xiangjia from a weak nation to a strong grassland clan that ends the Uighur regime. But the title of "Yingwu Chengming Khan" was sent many times to fight for it. He defeated the Uighurs, but instead of dominating the north of the desert, he went south to the Tianshan Mountains. There are also other reasons. As we all know, Keese, a descendant of Clewing Gaga, died in Great Mongolia, and there are many problems in the history that need to be verified. The official names of the northern peoples such as Mohe also had the prime minister, and so did the officials of the Central Plains. As a result, the official system of Mohe was characterized by pluralism. Besides, the economic activities of the Xiangga were also prosperous in the fields of hunting, animal husbandry, agriculture, handicraft, trade, and so on.
【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：K289

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前3條

1 齊達拉圖;乃蠻部歷史若干問題研究[D];內(nèi)蒙古大學;2010年

2 哈斯巴特爾;《闕特勤碑》所含突厥歷史與文化管窺[D];內(nèi)蒙古大學;2010年

3 甘長新;貢賜體系下的黠戛斯與唐朝關(guān)系[D];云南民族大學;2012年

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本文編號：1672466